Papers by Author: Kozo Nakamura

Abstract: The segregation gettering of nickel in p/p+ silicon epitaxial wafers is analyzed based on the gettering model considering the competitive interaction between segregation effect and nickel precipitations at the surface during the cooling process after heat treatments. It is found that the segregation is effective at higher temperatures than Ni-silicide formation temperatures even if the nickel donor level lies close to the valence band edge, resulting in the suppression of Ni-silicide formation at lower temperatures. The gettering effect is suggested to be useful for the low temperature process for a future device fabrication.

Abstract: This paper presents a model for the analysis of the surface nucleation and growth of Ni silicide on silicon wafers contaminated by Ni. The model can additionally be used to characterize the gettering reaction of Ni induced by oxygen precipitates. We also discuss the relation between the surface precipitation of Ni silicide and the gettering ability of oxygen precipitate. The surface precipitation of Ni silicide depends on the total surface area of oxide precipitates. When the total surface area of the oxide precipitates exceeds the critical value, the surface precipitation is rapidly suppressed. Our model can explain the phenomenon of the gettering threshold in the following manner. 1) The gettering of Ni by oxygen precipitates is a reaction-limited process at the interface between oxygen precipitate and silicon, as Sueoka proposed. 2) The residual Ni concentration in this reaction-limited gettering process continuously decreases as the total surface area of the oxide precipitates increases. 3) The surface precipitation of Ni silicide is rapidly suppressed when the residual Ni concentration falls below the critical concentration. Our calculation results correspond well with the experimental results.