Papers by Keyword: Bone Healing

Abstract: Bone displays an amazing capacity for endogenous self-remodeling. However, compromised bone healing and recovering is on the ascent because of population aging, expanding rate of bone injury and the clinical requirement for the advancement of elective choices to autologous bone unions. Current strategies, including biomolecules, cell treatments, biomaterials and diverse combinations of these, are presently created to encourage the vascularization and the engraftment of the grafts, to reproduce at last a bone tissue with similar properties and attributes of the local bone. In this review, we look through the current techniques that are right now created, utilizing biomolecules, cells and biomaterials, to initiate, coordinate and potentiate bone regeneration and healing after damage and further talk about the natural procedures related with this repair.

Abstract: Modern traumatology is characterised by increasingly severe injuries, with significant soft tissue and bone loss; therefore, restoration of functional anatomy regards bone filling with proper bone integration, and otherwise surgical reconstruction is useless. Therefore, orthopaedic surgeons must have not only surgical skills, but thorough knowledge about the properties and indications of bone substitutes, which can improve surgical results in treating especially comminuted fractures. Integrating the clinical experience from a Level 1 Trauma Centre with didactic principles, and using e-learning as an educational tool, this paper refers to establishing an algorithm of clinical indications of bone substitutes in orthopaedic surgery and to introducing it into the educational process of orthopaedic trainees, as a component of vocational training.

Abstract: Healing of rat tibia after intramedullary implantation of MgO was analysed by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results indicated the formation of hydroxyl-apatite (HA) in the entire intramedullary space after 1 week of healing. Then, corroded Mg, MgO and MgCO₃ were incubated with DMEM in vitro for 24 h and the surface of the material was analysed by EDX and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass (ToF-SIMS). The chemical analysis of the Mg corrosion products indicate that HA is formed at the material surface and that MgCO₃ was an efficient catalyzer of HA formation

Abstract: The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of a biphasic synthetic ceramic bone substitute (Eurocer) combined with plate fixation in treating collapse tibial plateau fractures. 32 patients were included in the study. The surgical protocol consisted of: elevation of the articular depression through a limited cortical window using a curved bone compactor and image intensification, filling the defect with Eurocer granules and fixation with plates. Clinical and radiologic follow-up after 36 to 48 months revealed uneventful primary bone healing, excellent osseous integration of Eurocer and a mean Neer score of 87, 5 points. We conclude that Eurocer400® combined with plate fixation in managing collapsed tibial plateau fracture is a promising alternative in this difficult lesion regarding a fast healing, a good quality osseointegration, preventing secondary collapse and improving medium term results.

Abstract: It is well known that bone healing outcomes highly depend on the mechanical microenvironment of the fracture site, and a certain degree of interfragmentary movement (IFM) is essential for indirect (i.e. natural) bone healing. The application of locking compression plate (LCP) internal fixation in the treatment of bone fracture is a common practice which leads to early mobility and full function of the fractured extremity. However should the fixation configuration be too stiff, it might result in delayed healing or asymmetric tissue development across the fracture site due to the fact that IFM in near cortex area is too small to promote healing. Dynamic locking screw (DLS) has been recently designed to tackle this problem by reducing the stiffness of LCP fixation. However, the actual mechano-regulation mechanisms in which DLS uses to regulate the healing process are still not fully understood. The objective of this paper is to develop a computational model to understand the change of mechanical microenvironment of fracture site under LCP with dynamic locking screw in comparison to standard locking screw, and how this change could potentially regulate tissue development within the fracture callus during the healing process.Keywords: bone healing, locking compression plate, dynamic locking screw, finite element modelling

Abstract: In this work, nanocomposites of hydroxyapatite and Pluronic F127 were prepared by a wet chemical method, using acid-basic reaction with Ca/P ratio of 1.67 in 10% (m/V) Pluronic F127 at 0, 37 and 90°C. The final concentration of Pluronic F127 was adjusted to 37% (m/V) at 4°C. Afterwards, the samples were lyophilized. Characterization was performed in purified samples (after Pluronic F127 removal), samples with 10% (m/V) of Pluronic F127 and calcined samples at 1000°C by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analyses by XRD of non-calcined samples showed that hydroxyapatite was obtained, in which the samples prepared at 0°C exhibited larger peaks attributed to lower crystallite sizes. For the calcined samples, both Raman spectroscopy and XRD exhibited hydroxyapatite for the syntheses at 37 and 90°C whereas the one prepared 90°C were identified as β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Morphological analysis by SEM indicated that the hydroxyapatite was sphere or rod agglomerates in mesoporous morphology for the nanocomposites prepared at 0 and 37°C, while the sample prepared at 90°C was nanospheres agglomerated into a smother matrix. After Pluronic F127 removal, samples fabricated at 0 and 37 °C exhibited coalescence of the nanostructures, whereas the sample synthesized at 90°C kept mesoporous. Calcined samples showed sintering and some rods structures.