Papers by Keyword: Emergency Shelter

Abstract: Based on the shortage of materials during emergency rescue after the earthquake, it proposes the self-rescue principle for the temporal relocation of victims. Through analyzing different types of emergency shelter, and combined with features and purposes of local materials that can be directly used after the earthquake, it puts forward the method of locally selecting materials and rapidly building emergency shelters. It provides victims with a new choice for the temporal relocation during emergency rescue after the earthquake.

Abstract: This paper analyses the construction of present situation and the existing problems of Chinese cities emergency shelters, proposed Chinese cities emergency shelters countermeasures and suggestions in the planning layout, processing the scientific and rational layout of Chinese cities emergency shelters to improve the ability of Chinese cities earthquake disaster reduction. Hoping this paper can provide some reference for other cities of earthquake disaster reduction emergency shelters layout studies.

Abstract: According to the Chinese National Standard has been completed the "Provisions for design code of emergency shelter", the paper proposed designs of emergency lodging field according to refuge capacity, lodging site, fire control, evacuation and emergency supplementary facilities. The calculation of refuge capacity uses indexes of effective refuge area and per capita effective refuge area. Emergency lodging fields are divided into teams, groups, units, districts according to refuge number and residential scale, and the hierarchical control indices are issued by taking the most densely refuge tents layout as calculating. It proposes hierarchical requirements of fire compartment, fire protection distance, evacuation distance and supplementary facilities for emergency response.

Abstract: Urban green space system has a strong function of disaster prevention and reduction. In this paper, taking Jiaozuo as an example, the composition and structure of urban green space with its disaster shelter space is studied. The per capita area of medium and long-term shelters in urban green space of Jiaozuo raise from 5.60 m² to11.34 m² during 1999 and 2007.It is far exceed the basic average level. The per capita green space temporary shelters shows rise-decline trend. Firstly from 1.84 m² in 1999 rise to 3.55 m², 3.24 m² in 2003 and 2005, then gradually descend 2.80 m² in 2007.It basically above the basic per capita green space for temporary shelter area. Per capita green space of emergency shelter presents the process of gradually declining, its per capita area from 2.61 m² in 1999 gradually decline to 0.98 m² in 2007, which are under the warning line of 1.2 m² .

Abstract: Public facilities are the basis of urban public space, and public facilities are core parts of emergency shelters. It is important that the design of rescue facilities focuses on relief efforts. This article analyzes the present situation and raises questions about the study on the design of public facilities in emergency shelters, then applies theory related to design semiotics, cites examples, and suggests improvements on the usability and completeness of public facilities in emergency shelters. Facilities design in emergency shelters provides the theoretical foundation to make rescue system of emergency shelter more effective in the future.

Abstract: This paper discusses the possibility of amalgamation of urban green spaces and emergency shelters, according to their characters of design and construction with the recent earthquake tendency. The approach to amalgamation of them have been suggested, which is suitable for city development of China. Those are the references to research and construction of emergency shelters in urban green spaces in the future.

Abstract: Taken examples of recent major disasters，the deficiencies of shelter and evacuation system in planning，construction, etc.. and the inadaptability of protecting security needs of the city under extreme disasters is analyzed. Given this, on the basis of the analysis of the connotation of catastrophic environment and adaptation and the relationship between them, the concept of adaptive planning of urban shelter and evacuation system under the disastrous environment is proposed. Based on dynamic planning idea, the adaptive planning is preliminarily discussed in the three perspectives of disaster prevention functions, fortification level, hierarchical structures and spatial characteristics and some planning strategies and measures coping with catastrophes are given.

Abstract: Evacuation is a process in which threatened people are displaced from dangerous places to safer places in order to reduce the health and life vulnerability of affected people. Constructing typhoon emergency shelters is one of the ways to improve the areas anti-disaster capacity. There are many questions in emigration resettlement work. Such as: the layout of the resettlement places unreasonable, the fixed resettlement is insufficient, temporary resettlement site lacks the necessary living facilities and so on. Planning and construction of emergency shelters is a systematic project, which needs scientific and rational design. This paper proposed a mathematical model applied to the location selection, a solution of genetic algorithm was suggested. Then bring forward a decision-making model for the location-choosing of urgency response system and carried out the design procedure of genetic algorithm to finalize the optimized combination plan.

Abstract: In this paper, a new thought on combination of the construction of emergency shelter facility and general civic public space facility is proposed. By deep analysis of the present problems and causes of the emergency shelter public facility construction, raising the new concept of Earthquake Elusion Public Facility from earthquake elusion site’s dual function of emergency shelter and civic public space. On the basis of deep and careful demand analysis of earthquake elusion site emergency facility and general facility of civic public space, proposing a brand new design idea of the combination the designs of the two. At last provides a design example and analyzes it.