Papers by Keyword: Monolithic

Abstract: In the paper were reviewed mechanical and chemical properties of the modern refractories applied in the metallurgical industry and was provided their classification for the goal of optimal selection of refractories kind for specific technological conditions, reducing costs and solving the environmental issues. For various applications in the steel industry, in the furnace linings for iron and steel making, metal and slag transport, heat treatment furnaces and the flues for the hot gas conduction, refractories are widely used. The refractories can also be classified according to the raw materials, which are used in the preparation and to the predominant minerals after production. Nowadays, hardly any standard bricks are used and there is a trend towards using monolithic refractories. Due to the improvement in the service life and highly productive modern steel making processes, the consumption of refractories is reduced.

Abstract: A facile approach is employed for the preparation of hierarchically porous structures monolithic ordered macroporous-mesoporous silica materials (OMS) using the commercially available and cheap polyurethane (PU) foam as monolithic template, triblock copolymer P123 (EO₂₀PO₇₀EO₂₀) as structure-directing agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, then monolithic ordered macro porous-mesoporous carbon materials (OMC) is synthesized by using monolithic ordered macroporous-mesoporous silica materials as hard template and ionic liquids as the carbon source. The silica and carbon monoliths possess uniform pore sizes (3.74-3.84 nm) and ordered mesostructure.

Abstract: The paper presents a bespoke mathematical model that simulates the electrochemical, thermal and fluid-dynamic interactions in a solid oxide fuel cell. This model is created for the purpose of evaluating and optimising a novel SOFC architecture. The proprietary fuel cell design consists of cathode supported cross-flow monolithic flow channels of hexagonal honeycomb section. The monolithic cells are constructed from porous cathodic material, with porous anodic and dense electrolytic material deposited inside specific hexagons such that any anodic cell is surrounded by six cathodic cells. Current collection is achieved by bus-plating on the monolith perpendicular to the direction of flow, and using thin interconnects attached to a corner of an anodic cell. The mathematical model considers a single side of the hexagon to simulate electrochemical interactions combined with heat and mass transfer. The finite difference technique is applied to predict numerically from a given current value voltage potential, temperature, fuel and oxidant compositions and partial pressures at the electrolyte/electrode interfaces. The model can be treated as a small segment of any geometry, thus can be, with added complexities of non-uniformity in surface thickness, extended to other shapes, and therefore used as an aid at the design stage to choose the values of geometric variables such as electrode and electrolyte thickness, etc.

Abstract: Due to many inherently problems of accelerometers on market, such as complex fabrication process and low precision, a monolithic three-axis accelerometer is proposed and fabricated. The 3-axis accelerometer consists of four individual seismic mass, each has a wafer-thick of 240μm and is fabricated by anisotropic wet etching technology. In this paper, the design, fabrication, and characterization of the 3-axis accelerometer are presented. The performance is characterized and demonstrated.

Abstract: In this report, the trends in refractories technologies for iron and steel production at Nippon Steel Corporation in the last few decades are outlined. Amid dramatic changes in crude steel production accompanying increased ratios in higher quality of steel and sophisticated refining methods, in in our refractory ceramics R&D Div., actual machines have been realized by practicing developed outcomes with technologies for every production process relating to: refractory material quality, furnace building or execution, reparation, diagnosis, demolition, and recycling. Thus, continuing reduction in the unit consumption of refractories has been steadily performed. Additionally, technical issues are reduced to further enhance and maintain our international competitiveness in refractories technologies.