Papers by Keyword: Single

Abstract: The cocoon of Antheraea pernyi was grown in the laboratory with tropical artificial conditioning. The caterpillar was fed with Lantana camara leaf. They are 3 protocols provided to yield single fiber from the cocoon. The first protocol developed in this work was based on the single fiber drawing directly from the live caterpillar during cocoon stage establishment (forcibly silking). The single fiber was gently pulled and rolled up manually. The second protocol was conducted by degumming the cocoon with boiling in 5%NaoH solution. The cocoon was boiled in 5% NaOH solution and gently stirred. When the fiber was found detached from the cocoon, the boiling process was stopped, and the fiber obtained was washed with water and dried in the oven. The third protocol was simple boiling of the cocoon with water and gently stirring until the cocoon disintegrated to become a fiber. The fiber obtained was washed and dried in the oven. The first protocol by forcibly silking produced fiber with highest tensile strength of average value of 149.251 MPa. The other protocols introduced in this work resulted in lower tensile strength. Alkali treatment provided average tensile strength of 43.833 MPa and boiling in water resulted in tensile strength 52.571 MPa.

Abstract: In the present study, 24 laboratory models on soft clay treated with stone columns were carried out. The results for each case are analysed for the purpose of constructing a statistical model linking the variables studied. The experiments showed that the stress concentration and bearing capacity of soil treated with stone column increase with increasing the undrained shear strength (cu), number of columns and L/d ratio. The models represent a single stone column and a group of stone columns. The studied variables are three dependent variables, the stress concentration ratio (n), bearing capacity of soil treated with stone column (q) and the settlement improvement ratio (S_r) due to the existence of stone columns. The independent variables are six: the undrained shear strength of clay soil, with three values (6, 9 and 12 kPa), the number of stone columns (1, 2, 3 and 4 columns) and the length (L) to the diameter (D) of the stone column or (L/D) ratio in two values (6 and 8). Besides, the bearing capacity of the soil treated (q) with stone columns and the settlement improvement ratio were used in some statistical models as independents. After regression analysis, a set of equations that correlate the previous variables have been suggested. The incepted values for dependent variables are close to the laboratory results.

Abstract: The issue of traffic jam in Indonesia’s big cities alike in Jakarta, Bandung, Medan, Makassar and Surabaya encourage the government, civilization and transportation expert initiate to consider a elucidation to solve the problematic above. The growing of the vehicle number which is extended faster than the establishment of road affect the bottleneck could not to be avoided. Furthermore the pollution problem which is produced by car exhaust where the number of them always increase each year make the air pollution in the settlement becomes crucial. Additionally within the backwards issue of the reducing of the using of fuel because of the source of them become limited. People have to consider sincerely before buying the vehicle due to the high operational cost. One of the solutions of the problem is the using of human power vehicle asThe study try to respond the need of people to enjoy the using of tandem bike but also still could be used as the single bike more over the storage problem is disappear. The research team agrees to give the name of this ‘novel bike’ as Trandem: the existing tandem bike which is transform to the dual function.