Papers by Keyword: Soil Enzyme

Abstract: The re-establishment of natural species-rich health lands on abandoned farmland is one of the main measures in soil erosion control in the Loess Plateau of China. This study was conducted to understand how enzyme activities changed with nutritional properties and microbial biomass in different vegetation types in the loessial gully region of the Loess Plateau. Soil samples were collected in different vegetations which had planted for almost 30 years. For the collected soils, nutritional, microbial and enzymatic properties were determined. The result showed that soil nutritional properties and microbial biomass were enhanced in black locust-amorpha, compared with black locust, but weakened in Chinese pine-amorpha compared with Chinese pine. Besides, soil urease, α-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, saccharase and cellulase activities in creased with restoration, but decreased polyphenol oxidase. Moreover, urease activity was obviously high in korshinsk peashrub and black locust for the nitrogen fixation of them, and α-amylase was high in Chinese pine for low pH value. However, there still was a certain gap to Chinese arborvitae which was considered to be the climax community in the region. In general, the distance of vegetations to Chinese arborvitae was grassland > black locust > Chinese pine> korshinsk peashrub > Chinese pine-amorpha > black locust-amorpha.

Abstract: In this paper, simulated experiments were performed in pots by using soil materials in different conditions of film remnant. Based on the research on soil microorganism quantity trends of soil enzyme activities were analyzed systematically: soil without film remnant, soil with film remnant for 5, 10, 15 and 20 years. By analyzing crop progress, the relationship with soil material was studied, in order to provide scientific basis for the variation laws between different conditions of film remnant and the activity of soil enzyme.

Abstract: An indoor simulation experiment has been carried out to study the effects of Roxarsone on the soil neutral phosphatase, catalase and urease activity. The result showed that the enzyme activities were reduced by the Roxarsone, and the effect degree was aggravated with the increasing consistency. It also showed that inhibition of various enzymes on the rise - decrease trend during the whole incubation period reached its peak on the tenth day as 54.71%,33.92% and 13.81% sorting the phosphatase, the catalase and the urease in a descending order consulting the enzyme sensitivity to Roxarsone. Taking the ED10 as an example, which is 18.83, 48.31 and 185.2 mg.kg-1 on the tenth day: Negative exponential growth model were used to fit the regression rate of enzyme activities with time indicating that the time of Roxarsone toxic effects on soil enzyme extended with the consistency being increased.

Abstract: In this study, the GFP transplastomic tobacco (TG) and non-transgenetic (WT) were compared to study the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco on soil enzyme activities. The activities of some soil enzymes (urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase) were determined at seeding stage, vegetative stage, flowering stage, and senescing stage. The results showed that there was no significant difference on the activities of urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase between GFP transplastomic tobacco and non-transgenetic at same growing stage. No matter transplastpmic tobacco or controls, the soil enzyme activities of the vegetative stage and flowering stage were higher than seeding stage and senescing stage. The results suggest that the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco to major soil enzyme activities were not significant.

Abstract: Taking four types of slopes as test objects this paper measured their, soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity. The results showed that variation of soil nutrients in different slopes is obvious; soil enzyme activity is also a significant difference between different slopes. The soil of A slope (natural secondary forest ) was the highest in activity of urease, invertase, neutral phosphatase and catalase, the lowest in D(wasteland)slope except catalase. There were extremely significant positive correlations among soil urease activity, invertase activity and neutral phosphatase activity. Significant positive correlations were observed between soil urease activity, invertase activity, neutral phosphates activity and organic matter, available N, total N. It suggested that enzymatic activity could be used to indicate and estimate soil fertility of artificial remediation slopes. Combined with and community structure and community characteristics of vegetation on the sanmpled slops, soil enzyme activities could be used to measure the degree of vegetation restoration in the disturbed area.

Abstract: In this study, Chlorophytum comosum was used to restore the artificially polluted soil by pot-planting. The results showed that the sensitivity of soil enzymatic activities was ranked as follows: urease > invertase > phosphatase > catalase, as their activities were only 25.71%, 33.33%, 37.88% and 55.49% compared to CK. The electrical conductivity (EC) value of soil increased from 98.3 to 608.7 µs·cm^-1 with the increase of copper (Cu) concentration in soil, but the organic matter had no significant difference between different treatments. The bioaccumulation coefficients (BC) and translocation factors (TF) value of C. comosum were both above 0.5 when Cu concentration in soil was up to 500mg·kg^-1, which indicated that there might be an excellent and transport mechanism in C. comosum. In conclusion, C. comosum is a potential ornamental plant in recovering Cu-contaminated soils.