Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 295-298

Abstract: The development of flue gas desulphurization technologies and the control and reduction of SO2 pollution from coal combustion have become a hot research topic due to environmental concerns. Carbonaceous and carbon supported desulfurizing sorbents have highly porous structures, large specific surface area and low production costs and can be widely used as desulfurizer. This paper provides a comprehensive review of carbonaceous and carbon-based desulfurizing sorbents, including active components, compositions of raw gas and effects of process operation conditions. It can be concluded that the use of char supported metal desulfurizing sorbents for removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas is a promising technology. Different aspects of applications of carbonaceous and carbon-supported desulfurization sorbents are discussed in detail.

Abstract: This paper introduced a kind of rainwater biofiltration processing technology being researched and applied in Australia. It summarized FAWB researchers’ major research and progress on the system configuration, packaging selection, plant selection and purification effect of this technology. And the advantages were presented in removing the suspended matters, heavy metal ions and nutritional pollutants in rainwater biofiltration system, as well as in regarding to the characteristics of effectively stored the rainwater for recycling in system configuration. The paper also put forward suggestions to the technical improvement for our country’s rainwater treatment system and structure design for reference.

Abstract: The taxies’ emission experiments on urban roads are carried out with a high-precision mobile emission analyzer. Then the emission characteristics are analyzed. The experiment data show that the high speed, the low acceleration and the low VSP will be helpful to decrease the emission and the long mileage will worsen the emission.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the mechanism of the GNOME and ADIOS models. On this basis, GNOME and ADIOS model are applied to the simulation of the oil drift and the weathering process of the early oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico respectively by correctly adding the Gulf of geographical information and environmental information. The simulated oil spill trajectories agree well with remote sensing monitoring results and the simulation results of ADIOS are in line with the oil spill weathering study conclusions. This paper also analyzes the reasons of simulation mistakes and the shortcomings of the model itself so as to figure out the direction for the future study.

Abstract: The effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae on growth, metal uptake and translocation of Sedum spectabile for phytostabilization of lead/zinc tailings were investigated by a greenhouse experiment in this study. The results showed that mycorrhizal inoculation significantly improved biomass of S. spectabile. The Pb, Cu and Cd concentrations in roots were higher than those in shoots both with and without mycorrhizas, while Zn concentration was higher in shoots than that in roots. In addition, it was found that most of the values of bioconcentration factor and translocation factor of tested metals were much lower than 1, except the translocation factor values of Zn were about 3, and inoculation further significantly reduced translocation factor values of Pb and Cu. These results suggested that S. spectabile inoculated with mycorrhizal might be a potential approach to revegetation of Pb/Zn tailings in northern China.

Abstract: The composition and property of the boron mud is investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FITR). The mineral components of the boron mud are magnesite (MgCO₃)、forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄)、hematite (Fe₂O₃)、dolomite (CaMg(CO₃)₂) and a small amount of magnesium sulfate and lizardite((Mg,Al)₃[(Si,Fe)₂O₅](OH)₄)). The decomposition reaction of the boron mud can be carried on at 400~600°C, and silicate of the boron mud can reaction with NaOH with the increase of temperature to about 1000°C.

Abstract: The bioavailability and environmental risk of heavy metals in soil depends greatly on their speciation, not total amounts. Different speciation analysis techniques of heavy metals in soil are reviewed and the speciation schemes are considered and discussed in some detail. The present problems remained in the field of environmental science and future trends of speciation analysis of heavy metals in soil are also briefly dealt with.

Abstract: Based on the temperature monitoring data and PM10 concentration data in Longyan city of Fujian Province between 2006 and 2009, the relationship of temperature changes and characteristics of PM10 pollution in the region were analyzed. Using the method of variance analysis and correlation analysis, we conducted a series of statistical analysis on temperature and PM10 concentration in order to find the relationship between them. The results showed that temperature in Longyan city was high in summer and low in winter. The PM10 pollution was more serious in winter. The results also showed that PM10 concentration had a highly negative correlation with the average temperature.