Key Engineering Materials Vol. 925

Abstract: The physicochemical properties of the alloy obtained by reductive melting with the use of waste from the production of high-alloy steels and alloys have been studied. This is necessary to determine the technological aspects that reduce the loss of alloying components during the production and use of the alloying alloy. The research results indicate that the alloy treasure is represented by iron phases with the content of alloying elements as substitution atoms. The proportion of residual carbon, which was part of the carbide component and the residual unproduced reducing agent, provided the necessary reducibility during the use of the alloy. The microstructure of the alloying alloy was characterized by the presence of phase formations that differed in shape, size and chemical composition. The content of Ni in the studied areas of different phases varied in the range of 1.28–32.62 % wt., Cr-0.33–46.22 % wt., W-0.00–20.43 % wt., Mo – 0 .00–10.78 % wt. Mo, W, Nb were more concentrated in individual particles, which probably had a carbide nature. The research identified new technological aspects of processing high-alloy man-made waste to obtain the resource-saving alloying alloy with the possibility of replacing part of the standard ferroalloys in steelmaking. Indicators of the obtained alloy allow to smelt grades of alloy steels when replacing part of standard ferroalloys. Production and use of alloying alloy eliminates the need for storage of fine oxide metallurgical waste on the territory of enterprises. This allows to improve the sanitary conditions of workers to increase the level of safety of residents of the surrounding areas without additional costs for the maintenance of waste storage sites.

Abstract: The paper analyzes the impact of personal protective equipment used by the population as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment. The scale of the additional amount of waste generated as a result of the use of protective face masks, etc. is noted. The globality of the existing problem and its multiparametric impact on the components of the environment are indicated. The short-term effect of a number of disposable protective face masks on the condition of soil by chemical component has been studied. The dependence of leaching of heavy metals from masks on soil acidity was experimentally analyzed, the dynamics of mobile phosphorus and potassium in soil samples was studied. It is shown that the presence of masks in the soil leads to exceeding the standard for zinc content, while for copper content and manganese content exceeding the standard is not observed in the study period, for lead there are fluctuations in content beyond standard value. The need for long-term research on the impact of face masks on the environment, and in particular soils, was noted.

Abstract: Known technological solutions for well drilling waste utilization are analyzed. The technological decision of the device of storage of drilling waste from soil-cement elements with the device of a covering from soil-cement is offered. It is proposed to fill the repository with waste in layers of drilling mud, site soil, using a layer of composition for neutralization with the use of ash burning wood residues. The composition is proposed to be prepared near storage facilities. It is proposed to make the neutralizing composition periodically in the sludge storage as they are filled. In the case of a high level of sludge contamination with petroleum products, sorbents are added in addition to filling the storage. The thickness of the layers is chosen based on optimal humidity. It is offered to add ash from the Mykolayiv thermal power plant in the amount of 5 wt.% By weight of cement when installing the walls and covering the sludge storage from soil cement. It was found that with increasing the shelf life of samples in water to 270 days increases the average compressive strength of soil cement samples without additives and with the addition of the appropriate percentage of fly ash by more than 7%.