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Factors towards Pencil Scratch Resistance of Protective Sol-Gel Coatings on Polycarbonate Substrate Edmund Chwa 1,a , Linda Wu 2,b and Z.
It offers many advantages, including the possibility of coating large, complex shaped substrates, the ability to obtain homogeneous coatings and tailored mechanical and surface properties using inorganic-organic hybrid materials [7].
Influence of colloidal silica filler in the inorganic-organic sol-gel matrix on coating properties is studied.
Correlation between the pencil grade and these factors has been made and discussed.
Once key parameters are identified, quantitative assessment on the effect of the key factors should be performed.

Introduction Increasing demands on the integrity of the surface (a surface and a surface layer), the development of new cutting materials, increasing the cutting speed, the development of machine tools, but also environmental trends (for example dry machining or machining with a reduced amount of process liquids) and other factors, including economic pressures (reducing production costs limit price), may also adversely affect the properties of machined surfaces, and thus the machines.
These include negative tensile residual stresses affecting mechanical properties and structure of the surface layer, the formation of defects, fatigue fracture, etc.
The primary plastic deformation is usually (and in particular in grinding conventional abrasive products) extended below the level of the future, and the machined surface with the subsequent deformation of the edge of the material, caused radius blade and with temperature, it causes changes in the mechanical properties of the surface layer such as hardness, strength, toughness, etc..
Most often characterized by changes in the mechanical properties of micro-hardness is the depth of reinforced layers and the degree of consolidation (rate of change of hardness on the surface and the hardness of the base material in %).
The cutting conditions affect the value of reinforcement, especially cutting speed and chip thickness (or feed).

This alloy is popular for medium to high strength requirements with good toughness property.
Hot cracking is complex in nature and involves thermal factors, mechanical factors and metallurgical factors.
The thermal factors like heat input, cooling rate and mechanical factors like restraint intensity affect the strain distribution around the weld.
Senthil kumar et al [10] obtained fine microstructure which leads to improved mechanical properties through arc pulsing.
Grain refining is one of the best techniques to control hot cracking as well as to improve the mechanical properties 4.

Finally, the problem of machine stiffness properties further study and future development trends are summed to improve tools, improve processing quality of products, and reduce production costs.
Introduction With the continuous development of science and technology, mechanical manufacturing industry is towards high speed, high precision and high efficiency, modern machine tools are towards high speed, high acceleration, high precision, high surface quality, high productivity and develop in the direction of large-scale, integrated, however machine tool rigidity is not only important factors to affect the machining accuracy of machine tools, but also are the important parameters of the quality of the evaluation of machine tools.
Machine tool dynamic stiffness is a measure of this machine, but the dynamic stiffness is difficult to determine, there are many factors causing.
Synthesis is based on the experimental test data, and combine test data with theory to establish the mechanical model of the structure.
Machine tool dynamic characteristics analysis of the concept of journal of mechanical engineering. 2010, 46 (21): 54-60 [3] Xingshan Li, Guang Cai.

The difference of spreading characteristics was accordance to the physical woven properties of fabrics.
Generally, there are several important factors affecting the collection efficiency for dry ESPs, such as particle re-entrainment and back-corona discharge, etc. [4, 5].
These would offer various superiorities such as good corrosion resistance, sufficient mechanical strength, low cost, as well as suitable particulate collection properties, and all these characteristics would be extremely important in wet electrostatic precipitator applications for PM2.5 regulation requirements.
In other words, the effect of WAR on the average number collection efficiency was not more sensible than other factors such as gas treatment time or applied voltage.
The effect of WAR on the average number collection efficiency was not more sensible than other factors such as gas treatment time or applied voltage.

The crystallite thickness (Lc) also increases with an increasing temperature and below 2000 °C the crystallite form factor (La‖/Lc) increases rapidly.
Extensive work has been conducted to probe the relationship between the crystal structure and the mechanical properties of carbon fibers [4–7].
In the present study, carbon fibers were heat treated at various temperatures and the changes in the crystallite form factors were measured in relation to the morphology and growth models of the graphite crystallites in the carbon fibers.
La‖/La⊥ and La‖/Lc were defined as the crystallite form factors for the characteristics of the change in the geometry of the graphite crystallites in the carbon fibers.
The growth of Lc was affected by the ability of the graphite crystallites or graphite single sheets to rearrange, and increasing the crystallite size with an elevated temperature lowered the ability of the crystallites to move.

Introduction In the automatic detection and classification system of egg quality [1] [2], the egg conveyor belt speed directly affects the detection of egg classification accuracy.
Speed control to electric transmission and control system is an important requirement As the main device from electrical energy to mechanical energy, the main work is to control and regulate the induction motor.
In practice, one is to make mechanical and electrical asynchronous motor with high energy conversion efficiency; the second is to adjust the rotation speed [3] based on the technological requirements of production machinery.
In the simulation the MATLAB high-level language is used, while its SMULINK toolbox is also be used to design the fuzzy control system [5], the design simulation model is shown in Figure 2 as follows: The system can be simplified to Fig 3: Figure 3 Simplified model of induction motor drive with In the Model, Transfer Fcn is the inverter transfer function; Transfer Fcn1 is the transfer function for the induction motor; Ke,is the input e; Kec,is the quantization factor and the Ku is the output scale factor.
Research on Detection & Classification of Egg’s Properties Non-destructivly [D].

At First, the influence factors of automobile noise are introduced, and then the major noise sources are all analyzed.
The magnitude of Exhaust noise is related with some factors such as power rating, rotation rate, valve pressure, and varies with the variation load of engine.
The factors that affect the gear noise are so much complicate.
Because the mechanical factors and road surface excitation, noise is made by every component on vehicle.
How to control the noise in the vehicle is very difficult because of the complicate factors.

The paper describes some aspects of a scientific and research project dedicated to mechanical property prediction in plates for pipe production rolled at PJSC MMK 5000 Mill.
Such prediction, however, is challenging due to several factors that include the linear dimensions of the billet as well as the complexity of TMCP and the multitude of its stages.
Given these conditions, the prediction of mechanical properties can be carried out on the basis of layer-by-layer calculation of cooling trajectory and structural state evolution.
Therefore, the thermal state of a billet at the AC unit is of our main interest, regarding development of structure and mechanical properties.
There is scope to carry out further modelling of structure formation kinetics and mechanical property prediction.

However, there could be a large error range and low reliability because the equation regards the wear coefficient (k) as a constant and does not consider the mechanical properties of the material during the wear.
However, Archard equation does not reflect the effects of the mechanical property of the materials during the wear, but simply concerns the energy input.
Thus, in this study, the factors affecting the wear volume were separately investigated and a modified Archard equation was proposed, based on these results.
So, it is considered that the wear rate and the contact stress were not significantly affected by the increase of contact area.
The error range was relatively wide because the wear coefficient (k) in Archard equation was assumed to be a constant regardless of the change in mechanical properties during the wear.