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Online since: August 2013
Authors: C.D. Naiju, K. Annamalai, N. Suprith, Arjun Mahadevan
Reduction of weight of leaf springs without any reduction in load carrying capacity and stiffness was made possible by introduction of composite materials.
The results are compared and the theory which gives the lowest value of life and the highest value is chosen to be best in the analysis of steel leaf springs Loading data is chosen as history data of SAE transmission and is applied.
Life data analysis: This is carried out by applying a load of 1000N and analysis is carried out by the above mentioned four approaches.
Also Using the Gerber’s theory the life data obtained is similar to the Goodman’s theory.
The fatigue analysis of the steel leaf springs are carried with four approaches , Soderberg’s approach is found out to give better results for the analysis of life data for leaf springs.
The results are compared and the theory which gives the lowest value of life and the highest value is chosen to be best in the analysis of steel leaf springs Loading data is chosen as history data of SAE transmission and is applied.
Life data analysis: This is carried out by applying a load of 1000N and analysis is carried out by the above mentioned four approaches.
Also Using the Gerber’s theory the life data obtained is similar to the Goodman’s theory.
The fatigue analysis of the steel leaf springs are carried with four approaches , Soderberg’s approach is found out to give better results for the analysis of life data for leaf springs.
Online since: July 2024
Authors: Nafees Ahmed Memon, Aftab Hameed Memon, Zulfiqar Jattak, Syed Abdullah Shah, Shakeel Ahmed
The data was obtained by using well-structured questionnaires through experienced professionals working as academic research, government official, NGOs and private sector professionals working in the construction industry.
Mean Item Score through SPSS was used to analyze the data.
The efficiency of international alliances can be greatly improved by technological developments and data exchange platforms.
Knowledge sharing, data analysis, and decision making are all aided using digital tools [26].
Once the data was collected, it was analyzed using the "Mean Item Score" method with SPSS software.
Mean Item Score through SPSS was used to analyze the data.
The efficiency of international alliances can be greatly improved by technological developments and data exchange platforms.
Knowledge sharing, data analysis, and decision making are all aided using digital tools [26].
Once the data was collected, it was analyzed using the "Mean Item Score" method with SPSS software.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Si Chen, Hui Chang Zhao, Yong Chen, Shu Ning Zhang
Due to that the Doppler parameters vary according to slant and the resolution is lower using imaging algorithm of traditional pulse compression in processing raw echo data of the missile-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR).
Finally, the performances of the algorithms are assessed using simulated and real Radarsat-1 data sets.
After LRCMC the signal is given by (10) where (11) Azimuth FrFT After the range FrFT, the same approach is used to focus the data along the range gates obtaining the azimuth compression
Results show that the proposed algorithm offers better focusing capabilities and greater side-lobe reduction ratios.
The proposed approach has been tested with simulated data.
Finally, the performances of the algorithms are assessed using simulated and real Radarsat-1 data sets.
After LRCMC the signal is given by (10) where (11) Azimuth FrFT After the range FrFT, the same approach is used to focus the data along the range gates obtaining the azimuth compression
Results show that the proposed algorithm offers better focusing capabilities and greater side-lobe reduction ratios.
The proposed approach has been tested with simulated data.
Online since: June 2008
Authors: Cláudio S. Lopes, Joris J.C. Remmers, Zafer Gürdal
The porosity data were then used in an empirical model to
predict the laminate strength as a function of porosity.
This value must be extracted from the correlation of the test data for delamination in mode I, mode II and mixed-mode loading.
Finally, this investigation would benefit from more experimental data to which the numerical predictions could be compared.
An extensive study onto the actual exact spatial distribution of voids in the porous layers, similar to the work conducted in [1-5] would improve the data available for the simulations.
Having more experimental data available, it can be interesting to compare this approach with a more traditional stress based approach to predict the initiation of damage [2,3].
This value must be extracted from the correlation of the test data for delamination in mode I, mode II and mixed-mode loading.
Finally, this investigation would benefit from more experimental data to which the numerical predictions could be compared.
An extensive study onto the actual exact spatial distribution of voids in the porous layers, similar to the work conducted in [1-5] would improve the data available for the simulations.
Having more experimental data available, it can be interesting to compare this approach with a more traditional stress based approach to predict the initiation of damage [2,3].
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Wong Yick Jeng, Jumiah Hassan, Mansor Hashim
Increase in sintering temperature remarkably led to an enhancement in dielectric constant values and reduction in dielectric loss values.
A continuous mode was used for collecting data in the diffraction angle of 2θ range from 20° to 80° at a scanning speed of 5°/min and a scanning step time of 19 s.
Further increasing the sintering temperature leads to a grain growth accompanied by a significant reduction in residual porosity.
In other words, the fr is found to increase with the reduction in grain size.
Thus, increasing grain size and density are believed to be responsible for the increase in ε’ and reduction in tan δ.
A continuous mode was used for collecting data in the diffraction angle of 2θ range from 20° to 80° at a scanning speed of 5°/min and a scanning step time of 19 s.
Further increasing the sintering temperature leads to a grain growth accompanied by a significant reduction in residual porosity.
In other words, the fr is found to increase with the reduction in grain size.
Thus, increasing grain size and density are believed to be responsible for the increase in ε’ and reduction in tan δ.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Vítězslav Novák, Jiří Zach, Jitka Hroudová, Martin Sedlmajer
Thermal insulation brings not only savings in the cost of heating or cooling but also contributes to the reduction of harmful emissions such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide.
One of the strategic goals of Europe 2020 is the reduction of greenhouse gases by 20 % by 2020 compared with 1990 and the increase of energy efficiency by 20 %.
Another plan of the European Commission is full-scale decarbonisation by 2050 and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 80–95 %. [1] It is for the reasons listed above that old building revitalisation is relevant with the purpose of reducing their unacceptable energy consumption.
In this case it is necessary to resort to an option with lower efficiency but still bringing a sufficient reduction in the energy consumption of the building.
· Heat transfer Coefficient (Exterior): 25 W·m-2·K-1 · Heat transfer Coefficient (Interior): 8 W·m-2·K-1 The data obtained for the thermal insulation plaster was saved in the material database to be used in the calculation.
One of the strategic goals of Europe 2020 is the reduction of greenhouse gases by 20 % by 2020 compared with 1990 and the increase of energy efficiency by 20 %.
Another plan of the European Commission is full-scale decarbonisation by 2050 and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 80–95 %. [1] It is for the reasons listed above that old building revitalisation is relevant with the purpose of reducing their unacceptable energy consumption.
In this case it is necessary to resort to an option with lower efficiency but still bringing a sufficient reduction in the energy consumption of the building.
· Heat transfer Coefficient (Exterior): 25 W·m-2·K-1 · Heat transfer Coefficient (Interior): 8 W·m-2·K-1 The data obtained for the thermal insulation plaster was saved in the material database to be used in the calculation.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Fan Sheng Meng
LNG bus to sample and research the acid and base value regularity, draw valid data to provide a theoretical basis for a reasonable oil drain cycle.
Test Most lubricants contain alkaline additives by the calcium, magnesium and other metal ions with various organic acid surfactant (alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl salicylates, etc.) posed. [4] Table 1 tests several datas of new lubricating oil for Shenzhen Bus Group Company transport bus.
Table 1 Different types of new lubricating oil test data Code type lubricating oil (new oil) base value (mgKOH/g) Mg mg/kg Ca mg/kg A Yuchai lubricating oil YC-600 API:CF/SJ 15W-40 5.71 0 1496 B Kunluntianjiao,High quality gas engine oil, low ash 15W-40 4.74 0 903 C Weichai WP-E3, Weichai country Ⅲ engine oil CH-4 20W-50 10 209 1846 D Kunluntianwei CH-4 15W-40 9.37 2.7 2357 Seen from Table 1,the Ga, Mg elements included in lubricant are proportional to its base value roughly.
With the increase in the DPF internal ash, the reduction in exhaust gas flow area, increase the proportion of DPF circulation area restrictions, thereby causing the pressure drop increases before and after the DPF.
Watson.Lubricant-Derived Ash–In-Engine Sources and Opportunities for Reduction.DOCTOR OF PILOSOPHY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2010
Test Most lubricants contain alkaline additives by the calcium, magnesium and other metal ions with various organic acid surfactant (alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl salicylates, etc.) posed. [4] Table 1 tests several datas of new lubricating oil for Shenzhen Bus Group Company transport bus.
Table 1 Different types of new lubricating oil test data Code type lubricating oil (new oil) base value (mgKOH/g) Mg mg/kg Ca mg/kg A Yuchai lubricating oil YC-600 API:CF/SJ 15W-40 5.71 0 1496 B Kunluntianjiao,High quality gas engine oil, low ash 15W-40 4.74 0 903 C Weichai WP-E3, Weichai country Ⅲ engine oil CH-4 20W-50 10 209 1846 D Kunluntianwei CH-4 15W-40 9.37 2.7 2357 Seen from Table 1,the Ga, Mg elements included in lubricant are proportional to its base value roughly.
With the increase in the DPF internal ash, the reduction in exhaust gas flow area, increase the proportion of DPF circulation area restrictions, thereby causing the pressure drop increases before and after the DPF.
Watson.Lubricant-Derived Ash–In-Engine Sources and Opportunities for Reduction.DOCTOR OF PILOSOPHY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2010
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Lei Li, Zhi Li Hua, Zhong Hai Zhou
Offshore data show that hydrophone pressure measurement of high precision, and with a good frequency response.
By comparison with the theoretical model to some extent also verified the accuracy of data.
Results show that measured data and Kundsen curve fitting is better.
In situ test data obtained in coastal waters demonstrate the effectiveness of equipment and data processing methods.
The comparison of in situ data and normal mode hybrid model data, in which the wind speed is the only factor taken to be 12.1 Knots for a match considered in the model, and corresponding wavenumber and wave function calculated by KRAKEN[10].
By comparison with the theoretical model to some extent also verified the accuracy of data.
Results show that measured data and Kundsen curve fitting is better.
In situ test data obtained in coastal waters demonstrate the effectiveness of equipment and data processing methods.
The comparison of in situ data and normal mode hybrid model data, in which the wind speed is the only factor taken to be 12.1 Knots for a match considered in the model, and corresponding wavenumber and wave function calculated by KRAKEN[10].
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Suhaimi Abdul-Talib, Tay Chia-Chay, Aina Mardhiyah Jalilluddin
Furthermore, significant reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) in anode chambers were found due to the changes of pH in anode microenvironment.
Data was recorded hourly for 12 days.
Electricity generation evaluations include electrochemical analysis on the effects of anode pH microenvironment and polarization behavior. 2.4.1 Electrochemical analysis on effects of anode pH microenvironment The recorded data from section 2.3 was evaluated.
Increased in resistance caused reduction in electron discharge while low resistance increased electron discharge and thus resulting high voltage reading at all different anode pH.
The COD reduction obtained were 65 %, 55 % and 43 % at acidic, neutral and alkaline anode pH condition respectively.
Data was recorded hourly for 12 days.
Electricity generation evaluations include electrochemical analysis on the effects of anode pH microenvironment and polarization behavior. 2.4.1 Electrochemical analysis on effects of anode pH microenvironment The recorded data from section 2.3 was evaluated.
Increased in resistance caused reduction in electron discharge while low resistance increased electron discharge and thus resulting high voltage reading at all different anode pH.
The COD reduction obtained were 65 %, 55 % and 43 % at acidic, neutral and alkaline anode pH condition respectively.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Yan Mei Li, Wei Wei Zhang
Table 1 Blood pressure pulse data
Compare the blood pressure pulse test data and the original data, when the tester wear shaping belt with the first four grades and blood pressure has gradually increased, but the increase is all not very big.
Clothing pressure data analysis using linear regression method, this experiment is a lot of repetitive operations, will have large amounts of data, so we use Correlation analysis method to research.
When R<0.6, experimental data haven’t correlation
(2) The data analysis on the calf Overall, pressure value on the front side of calf has great relevance, and the data on the outside of lower shank does not change stable at each grade, it hasn’t relevance.
But data changes on the back of shank have a better correlation, at the same grade, the pressure value under the lift leg is the highest and data difference is insignificant when sit and stand.
Clothing pressure data analysis using linear regression method, this experiment is a lot of repetitive operations, will have large amounts of data, so we use Correlation analysis method to research.
When R<0.6, experimental data haven’t correlation
(2) The data analysis on the calf Overall, pressure value on the front side of calf has great relevance, and the data on the outside of lower shank does not change stable at each grade, it hasn’t relevance.
But data changes on the back of shank have a better correlation, at the same grade, the pressure value under the lift leg is the highest and data difference is insignificant when sit and stand.