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Miszczyk1 1 Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, PAS, PL-30-059 Kraków, Poland 2Mechanical Department, University of Opole, Opole, Poland 3 Université Paris-Sud, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Etat Solide, Orsay, F-91405, France Keywords: ECAP, Texture, Microstructure, Mechanical properties, Aluminium alloy Abstract.
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of strain path on texture, microstructure and mechanical properties development of severely deformed Al-Mn-Mg alloy.
Introduction Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is very often used for the improvement of strength properties of aluminium alloys by converting the conventional coarse-grained metals into ultra-fine grained materials [1].
Results and discussion Mechanical testing.
For particular pass number two factors influence the microstructure evolution of the AA3104 alloy.

A study was performed to evaluate how the Friction Stir Spot Welding process parameters affect both the thermal distribution in the welding region and the welding forces.
Nevertheless, as reported into the literature, the results on how the process parameters affect the joint properties are different, and the influence of the welding conditions on the joint characteristics and fracture is not yet fully understood; then, only a general comparison can be achieved because of different alloy use, varied alloy thickness and tool design.
The experimental tests were based on a Box-Behnken Design (factors: 4, replicates: 1, total runs: 27, center points: 3).
Mishra, Effect of Welding Parameters on Properties of 5052 Al Friction Stir Spot Welds, SAE Technical Series 2006-01-0969
Natarajan, Effect of process parameters on thermal history and mechanical properties of friction stir welds, Materials and Design 30/7 (2009) 2726–2731

Table 1 The material mechanical property parameters T(˚C ) TS(MPa) YS(MPa) E(GPa) μ 20 1270 1030 203 0.3 650 1055 865 199 THE FINITE ELEMENT CALCULA TION OF THE AXIAL STIFFNESS OF SEALING RING Simplifying the finite element model As the structure and force are axisymmetric, the model can be equivalent and simplified like these: considering material isotropic, unconsidering material defects, the residual stress, thinning thickness and the friction between contact surfaces.
The models were set to be axisymmetric ones, which would greatly increase the speed of calculation without affecting the result.
The element type and meshing The models used a plane axisymmetric quadratic element, PLANE82, which can be used to be not only plane element but also axisymmetric element, and it also has many properties such as plastic, creeping, radiation expansion, stress stiffness, large deformation and large strain[3].
Many factors impact the K value interactively or independently, such as structure, material, mechanism, technology, stress, and so on[4,5].
REFERENCE [1] Daxian Cheng: Handbook of Mechanical Design (in Chinese), Beijing, Chemical Industry Press (2010)

Combination of these factors lead to form a different behaviour of coated metal.
A cross-cut area significantly greater than 65% is affected.
A cross-cut area not significantly greater than 5% is affected.
Preparation and Properties of Polyurethane Coatings Based on Acrylic Polyols and Trimer of isophorone Diisocynate, Prog. in Organics Coatings. 68 (2010) 307-312
Abidin, The Effect of PMMA on physical properties of dammar for Coating Paint Application, Journal of Pigment and Resin Technology, 42(2) (2013) 137-145

Surface coating improves the following factors such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance and appearance of the material through proper selection by the application of organic, inorganic or metallic coating on its surface.
EN coatings provide material properties that expand the physical properties beyond those of pure nickel coating systems.
Table 1 Hardness of EN and EN-Nylon composite coatings S.No Sample H.V0.05 1 AISI 1045 135±5 2 EN 758±6 3 EN-Nylon 675±5.5 Roughness is very important one factor affecting the corrosion.
[6 ] B Bozzini, C Martini, PL Cavallotti, E Lanzoni, “Relationship Among Crystallographic Structure, Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behavior of Electroless Ni–P(9%)/B4C Films”, Wear 225–229 (1999) 806–13
[8] T Rabizadeh, SR Allahkaram, A Zarebidaki, “An Investigation on Effects of Heat Treatment on Corrosion Properties of Electroless Ni–P nano-Coatings”, Mater Des 31 (2010) 3174–9

The axial compressive mechanical behavior of steel fiber reinforced ceramsite concrete filled steel tubes (noted as SFR-CCST) after exposure to fire are experimentally studied.
Effect of furnace temperature, dosage of steel fiber in specimens on the post-fire mechanical performance of the specimens after exposure to fire was especially discussed.
At present, there is only a few research on the post-fire behavior of ceramsite concrete filled steel tubes after exposure to fire, the mechanical properties of the composite columns in the normal condition has been studied by Zhuobin Wei[4], but the post-fire mechanical performance of it after exposure to fire has just been reported by Xintang Wang[5,6].
T stands for furnace temperature, △t is fire duration, is the steel ratio and ξconfining factor.
Table 1 Main correlated factors of specimens Specimens D×ts×L /mm △t /min T / ℃ D.S.F S1-T0 159×3×600 0 20 0.074 0 S2-T0 159×3×600 0 20 0.074 0.5% S3-T0 159×3×600 0 20 0.074 1.0% S4-T0 159×3×600 0 20 0.074 1.5% S1-T1 159×3×600 90 700 0.074 0 S2-T1 159×3×600 90 700 0.074 0.5% S3-T1 159×3×600 90 700 0.074 1.0% S4-T1 159×3×600 90 700 0.074 1.5% Table 2 Ceramsite concrete mix proportion (kg/m3) No.

Additionally, it is essential to objectively establish the reinforcing fibers that make up the dispersed phase, as they protect the material against environmental factors and mechanical agents, preventing negative effects such as wear, buckling, and compressive stress.
Imparting hydrophobic properties.
Sain, «Effect of processing methods on physical and mechanical properties.,» Polymer Composites, pp. 384-394, 2004
Saba, «Mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites,» Procedia Engineering, pp. 389-395, 216
Meyers, «Biological materials: Structure and mechanical properties.,» Progress in Materials Science

There is a subtle change of body shape (warping), which depends on its properties, the type of deformation and its nature in the flow of time.
In this regard, the consideration of this factor is necessary in the manufacture of various parts and components of LCM using the methods of metal forming (stamping, bending, calibration, etc.) [1-6].
Distribution of microhardness H and deformations in LCM after rolling with 20% compression under load: 1– initial state; 2 – 2.5 %; 3 – = 4.5 %; 4 – = 6.5% As can be seen from Fig. 4, the distribution of microhardness in CM under load is complex, due to the difference in physico-mechanical properties of metals and the influence of the prior "history" of loading of the sample.
Near the heat-affected zone, regardless of the sign of the applied load, the microhardness of aluminum at the border with AMg6 increases to 390 MPa due to the implementation of local microplastic deformations.
When the maximum de-formation up to 6.5 is realized, the hardness of titanium at a distance of more than 0.3 mm from the heat-affected zone increases up to 2470 MPa, aluminum-up to 435 MPa and the heat-affected zone AMg6 and VT1-0 up to 475 and 420 MPa, respectively.

Since residual stress has effect on surface quality, dimension stability and operating life of parts, many scholars engaged in the research of factors that effect the distribution of residual stress [2-10] and obtained some achievements, but the research achievements in the field of simulation of residual stress involved in cutting titanium alloy thin-walled parts is still few.
Table 1 Johnson-Cook plasticity model coefficients of TC4 A [MPa] B [MPa] n C m 860 683 0.47 0.033 1.02 Table 2 Johnson-Cook shear failure model coefficients of TC4 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 -0.09 0.25 -0.5 0.014 3.87 Material Properties.
The mechanical physical properties and thermal properties are listed in Table 3 and Table 4.
Because mechanical stress and thermal stress affect the residual stress simultaneously, the stress layer has no obvious increase from Fig.2.
Fig.6 The distribution of residual stress Fig.7 The deformation of work piece Conclusion (1) The distribution of the residual stress on the work piece surface is affected by the mechanical load and thermal load simultaneously.

As a case study, mechanical properties of Al3004 which has wide range application in high-velocity forming are measured and used in the model.
Hence, this factor must be determined accurately.
All measured properties of Al3004 are collected in Table 1.
However, it should be noticed that plastic properties of material is sensitive to strain rate, so updated material properties should be imported into model based on Eq.3.Velocity boundary conditions facilitate producing high strain rates.
D., “High velocity formability and factors affecting it”, Ph.D.