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So PCA is used for the dimension reduction to improve the flame detection speed and accuracy.
Because many noises may be existed in the color features, median filtering function is used to facilitate data normalization .The formulas are as follows:
After the dimensionality reduction by PCA, the characteristic matrix (N=4) is obtained.
A contour fluctuation data processing method for fire flame detection using a color camera[C].Proceeding of IEEE 26th Annual Conferenceo n IECON of the Industrial Electronics Society.
Technologies and Applications of Visual Saliency Detection for Image Datum [D].National University of Defense Technology,2007 [12] L.Itti, C.Koch, E.Niebur, et al.

The main targets to be met by 2020 also known as the “20-20-20” are: ü To reach a reduction of 20 % of greenhouse gas emissions in comparison with 1990 (30 % if agreed); ü To achieve a share of 20 % of energy consumption to be produced from renewable resources; ü To improve energy efficiency in order to reach a 20 % reduction in primary energy use in comparison to projected levels [4].
Nowadays cities should have clear vision of sustainable development including not only CO2 reduction but also urban planning, resilience and energy policy [15].
The improvement of energy efficient performance is well reflected in the following data: ü Reduced heat consumption: 3 520 MWh/year ü Reduced electricity consumption: 675 000 kWh/year ü Reduced natural gas consumption: 608 450 m3/year ü Reduced CO2 emissions: 1 680 tons/year ü Reduced water consumption: 8 400 m3/year[9] Conclusions Micro CHP contributes to EU energy and climate goals with the increase of energy efficiency and CO2 emission reduction.
[2] Data from Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia – http://www.csb.gov.lv/notikumi/kogeneracijas-sarazo-51-no-kopeja-sarazota-elektroenergijas-daudzuma-latvija-39628.html //

DIRECTION OF ANALYSIS EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (general and specific) Factor's state ± Opportunities + Threats - INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT0 (general and specific) Strong sides + Increase ++ Stabilization +- Weak sides - Improvement -+ Reduction -- STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES Fig. 1: SWOT-analysis matrix for the formation of strategic alternatives In the cells at intersection we should form conclusions about possible strategic measures, which can be directed at increase, stabilization, improvement and reduction.
Both the unfavorable state of external environment and the dissatisfying level of factors of internal environment lead to strategic solutions about reduction or liquidation of certain directions of HR-activity as well as to the decrease of expenses for the defined initiatives.
TYPIFICATION OF COMPONENTS ü High-value type ü Parity type ü Economical type ü Partner type ü Competitive type ü Passive type ü Reactive type ü Proactive type VARIANTS OF PERSONNEL STRATEGY CONTENT 1) development of personnel potential 2) optimization of personnel potential 3) reduction of expenses on personnel management 1) socially oriented strategy 2) individually oriented strategy 1) strategy, oriented at personal knowledge or strategy, oriented at collective knowledge 2) strategy, oriented at socialization or strategy, oriented at formalization The component "ratio of personnel quality and expenses on it" stipulates enterprise's orientation on formation of the structure of employees of the defined level of professional preparation.
The next fifth stage is organizational ensuring of control of key performance indicators, i.e. determination of: ‒ terms of indicators calculation (every day, once per week, every month, once per quarter); ‒ ways of providing information about the state of the indicator (form of reporting, way of placing and presenting information – a printed report, electronic base, cloud resource); ‒ sources of output data (names of documents, tables that include data, necessary for calculations); ‒ a person responsible for calculations (employee of the HR-department, analytical department etc).

The effects of varying the CR from 14 to 18 was studied on CI engine fuelled with waste oil biodiesel blends resulting in significant increase of brake thermal efficiency and reduction of emissions.
The dual fuel mode reported higher ignition delay when compared to diesel mode which was due to the reduction of air fuel charge temperature.
All the sensors are connected to the signal conditioning unit and then to the data acquisition system provided on the control panel board.
The data acquisition system is National instrument powered electronic system where the engine parameters and values are recorded in the system.
At CR 17, the delay period was observed higher than CR 18 which could be owed to the reduction in the mixture temperature at the end of the compression stroke and subsequently the peak pressure was also observed to be low.

The data was interpreted using the work-ofindentation model, and suggests that the coating shows a considerable hardness increase compared to the bulk property of the same material, but also a moderate increase compared to the substrate.
The basis of new method rests with the investigations of the process of metal oxide reduction in various reducing mediums under impulsive mechanical activation conditions.
In particular, the intensification of the reduction process of some metal oxides in the medium of another active metal, organic solvent and hydrogen atmosphere has been reported in our earlier publications [6-7].
The data presented may be thought to constitute some representative cases of achievements to date, with highlights on some of the important practical results.
The second stage, coating deposition proper, is responsible for the in situ reduction of coating forming oxides (TiO2 and Cr2O3) leading to the formation of highly chemically active and cohesive pure metal powders and the eventual coating deposition.

Match percentage of iron sand with the standard data No Materials ICSD Match (%) 1 Magnetite (Fe2.929 O4) 98-008-2452 20.2 2 Quartz low (SiO2) 98-008-3849 17.7 3 Magnesium Oxide-P6/mcc, Unstable (MgO) 98-018-1463 15.4 4 Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) 98-016-1061 7.1 5 Titanium Oxide (Ti1.904O3) 98-000-0931 6.3 6 Magnesioferrite (Fe2Mg O4) 98-015-8432 33.2 (a) (b) Figure 2.
Rhee, Reduction of the Mixture of Titanomagnetite Ironsand and Hematite Iron Ore Fines by Carbon Monoxide, ISIJ International 44, 214-216 (2004)
Monaghan, In Situ Neutron Ddiffraction Study of the Reduction of New Zealand Iironsands in Dilute Hydrogen Mixtures, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy 128, 183-192 (2019)
Ostrovski, Reduction of Titania-Ferrous Ore by Hydrogen, ISIJ International 44, 999-1005 (2004)
Choi, Sticking Behaviour in Direct Reduction of Iron Ore, Journal Ironmaking & Steelmaking 26, 53-57 (1999)

After freezing and thawing, concrete often happens internal cracking, surface sapling, its quality and intensity decreased significantly; seriously affect the structure of using safety reduction its serviceable life.
During the trial test is divided into three aspects: (1) All samples of the compressive strength of the standard conservation 28d; (2) freeze-thaw samples before freezing and thawing, after freezing and thawing 25 times the sample quality and strength; (3) the compressive strength of freezing and thawing test pieces. 2.3.2 Analysis of test data (1)Benchmark specimen strength of 28d 28d compressive strength of concrete was measured in each group (Table 2).
(3)Mass loss rate of freeze-thaw specimen Concrete due to freeze-thaw erosion by frost heave pressure cracking, spilling produce mass loss, while structural damage of strength reduction is to speed up, it seriously affects the use of structures security.
And antifreeze content is 6%, it increases after the mass loss reduction, quality, larger changes, the laws of different fiber content in the quality of 3 ‰ for the loss and the other two points of a large margin.
At the same time, according to analysis of relevant data, we can see that fiber content for the 5 ‰ (C1, C2, C3) and B3 Group compressive strength of concrete for 28d is lower, it is difficult to ensure that the structural strength of concrete to meet the requirements.

Compared with the reduction of furfural content, a pyrolysis product of pentose polymers in hemicellulose, reduction of the content of guaiacyl lignin which contained one-carbon side chain was huger in the hindgut, indicating the degradation of depolymered lignin is greater than that of hemicellulose.
Pyrolysis GC-MS analysis of the hindgut contents of macrotermes barneyi The data processing was the same as 2.1 Fig. 2 The total ion chromatogram (TIC) of constituents at 650℃ for termite hindgut According to statistics (Fig.2), those whose retention time can be 2.00～6.00 min were mainly splitting ingredients of timbers’ constitutes like cyclobutene, styrene, furfural, pentanone et al and the metabolite of termite such as urea et al.

Vehicle networking technology promote the development of intelligent transportation Yi Hu1, a *, Yonghui Xiao1,2,b 1Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 100081, China 2Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, China aalex_hy@163.com, bxiaoyonghui-2002@163.com Keywords: Vehicle networking; RFID ; Sensing technology ; Big data; Mobile computing Abstract.
With RFID, cameras, sensors, GPS and electronic equipment such as image processing, realize the vehicle, road and traffic environment information collection; Cloud center adopts computer technology analysis and processing vehicle data information, and the best way of different vehicles is calculated, timely report and arrange the light cycle, road to smart people, vehicles, road monitoring, scheduling and management.
Vehicle networking is a typical application of the Internet of things technology in the field of traffic system, is the result of the information society and social integration. 1.2 System functional requirements (1) Radio communication ability，such as radio signal propagation difficult compensation levels, for example, using the roadside Unit (RSU, Road Side Unit) to satisfy the exchange of information between vehicle and infrastructure; (2) Network communication function, such as the mode of transmission, uncast broadcast and multicast, specific area of broadcasting; Data aggregation.
The priority of the message; Channel and connectivity management method; Support IPv6 and IPv4 addressing; Associated with the Internet access to the mobile node mobility management; (3) Vehicle positioning function, such as global navigation satellite system (GNSS), global positioning system (GPS), Bei Dou navigation positioning system (BDS); Combination the positioning of the function, such as by a global navigation satellite system and the information provided by the combination of the combination of local map location; (4) The vehicle's safety communications functions, such as respect the anonymity and privacy, integrity and confidentiality, external attack resistance, received the authenticity of the data, data and system integrity.
According to the received digital information, the car will know the status of the networked vehicle around, including distance of the relative velocity and acceleration, etc., and in the case of emergency braking, can make the following networked automobile synchronous reduction, effectively prevent the happening of the accident.

A lot of research work have been done on the solidification characteristics, thermal plasticity and recrystallization behavior of the alloy [2-6], however there are few research data on its long-term aging behavior of the direct aging disc forgings of the alloy.  
Then, the diffraction data were compared with the standard JCPDS card to identify the types of the precipitates.  
（a） （b） Fig. 6 Yield strength of the direct aging GH4169G alloy forging disc after aging at 650℃ Fig. 7 shows the stress rupture data of GH4169G alloy disc forgings after long-term aging at 650℃.
The drop in stress rupture data with increasing time of exposure is attributed to the over aging of γ'' and γ' phases.
Radavich's test data are shown in Fig. 6 (b).