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Preface eco-AWAM International Conference on Civil Engineering 2015 (eco-AICCE'15) is a conference dedicated to the sustainability of infrastructures and related topics.
It is the second international conference organized by the School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) after the successful AICCE'12 & GIZ'12 held in Penang in 2012.
AWAM is the word for Civil as used in the term 'Civil Engineering'.
CIDB and USM through School of Civil Engineering are both actively promoting the importance of ensuring sustainable infrastructure and infrastructure sustainability.
This proceedings of eco-AICCE'15 is a collection of 114 papers covering every major field of civil engineering and related areas.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have been widely used in civil engineering used as a substitute for steel reinforcement because it has many advantage such as high strength, light weight and no corrosion.
The application of FRP bars in civil engineering can be divided into two classes.
El-Sayed et al [15] compared five methods, including ACI 440.1R-06, CSA-S806-02, ISIS-M03-07, the British Institution of Structural Engineers guidelines and mendation of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers.
Nacal facilities engineering service center, port hueneme, California, 1994)
(Electric Technology and Civil Engineering, 2011 International Conference, Lushan, 2011).

Petersburg universities heavily compete against each other for the new students in a field if civil engineering education [1].
Having the course applicants will be able to approve thear choice Civil Engineering Institute.
Civil Engineering Institute receives students who have made their choice consciously and also prepared for the first year of education with the additional computer skills.
Vysotskiy: International Polytechnical Summer School “Civil Engineering and Design” in SPbSPU, Construction of Unique Buildings and Structures, 5 (2012), pp. 1-5.
Vysotskiy: International Polytechnical Summer School ‘Civil Engineering and Design’ in SPbSPU, Construction of Unique Buildings and Structures, 5 (2012), pp 1-5

Risk analysis - an alternative method in forensic sciences Karel Kubečka1,a *, Pavel Vlček2,b, Darja Kubečková2,c and Daniel Pieszka2,d 1 VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Institute of Clean Technologies for Mining and Utilization of Raw Materials for Energy Use & Department of Building Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, L. 
Podéště 1875, Ostrava 708 33, Czech Republic 2 VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Building Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, L. 
In civil engineering there is the place of risk analysis in the point of technical and economical studies and of course not only there [8, 9].
(Miluše Valjentová– dissertation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ČVUT Praha, 2010).
Engineering Geology. 2011, vol. 122, 3-4, pp. 169-178.

It is suggested that the above results can be better applied to large-volume concrete, underground, harbor, road and bridge and civil engineering as well.
After the grinding and activation, slag’s specific surface area is 4500 and apparent density=2.35g/c. 2.2 Scheme This experiment was conducted in a lab in School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Various schemes are used to prepare concrete of different ages such as 7d,14d,28d,60d whose results are compared. 2.3.2 Measurement of the strength of concrete This experiment was conducted in a laboratory of School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Hence durability of high performance concrete becomes the main indicator of engineering design.
It is suggested that the concrete mixed with slag powder can be applied to large-volume concrete engineering, underground, harbor, road and bridge and ordinary civil engineering as well.

Over the past years, numerical investigations have gained more attention and success in analysing the overall performance of hybrid FRP-concrete structures in civil engineering applications.
Mansur, Stress-strain relationship of high-strength concrete in compression, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. vol. 8, no. 2 (1996) 70-76
Lubell, Rehabilitation and repair of reinforced concrete short columns with external steel collars, Report 281, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, 2008
Fenves, Plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete structures, Journal of Engineering Mechanics. vol. 24, no. 8 (1998) 892-900
Lodygowski, Identification of parameters of concrete damage plasticity constitutive model, Foundations of Civil and Environmental Engineering. no. 6 (2005) 53-69

Preface Applied Mechanics and Civil Engineering (AMCE) aims to bring together academic scientists, leading engineers, industry researchers and scholar students to exchange and share their experiences and research results about all aspects of applied mechanics and civil engineering, and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted.
AMCE 2012 aims to provide a forum for theoretical and technical exchanges regarding the advanced theories, methodologies and techniques about all aspects of applied mechanics and civil engineering.
AMCE 2012 received about 200 submissions, which are involved in the fields as follows: a) Applied Mechanics; b) Building/Construction materials and engineering applications; c) Hydraulic engineering and water treatment; d) Tunnels and underground structures; e) Mechanical Engineering and Instrumentation; f) Civil Engineering; g) Road, bridge and transportation engineering; h) Architecture; i) Building structure and bridge structure; j) Rock & soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. 54 selected papers are published in the AMCE 2012 proceedings, which are divided into ten topics: Applied Mechanics; Rock & soil mechanics; Building structure and bridge structure; Construction materials and engineering applications; Tunnels and underground structures; Civil Engineering; Hydraulic engineering and water treatment; Mechanical Engineering and Instrumentation; Transportation Engineering; Environmental Engineering and Safety.
Sponsor Sponsored by Society for Resources, Environment and Engineering（SREE）

Finite Element Analysis Of Dual-angle Variable of Four Steel Angle Composite Joint with Steel Materials in Civil Engineering Yuzhuo Jia, Li Zhao School of Civil Engineering Northeast Dianli University Jilin, China jiayz6087@163.com, zhaoli6654@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: dual-angle, four steel angle, nodes, gusset plate, finite element simulation, ultimate bearing capacity Abstract.
Conclusion Finite element simulation based on the composite joint, the following four kinds of conclusions can be drawn through the analysis as a practical engineering design and construction of reference. 1 The node load path: the loads between dual-angle and four steel angle pass by the cross-shaped gusset plate and connecting angle, and the cross-shaped gusset plate and connecting angle to withstand the loads. 2 The main failure mode is strength failure when the node compressed, dual-angle has reached the ultimate strength of steel, the other angles and gusset plate did not reach the material yield strength. 3 The gusset plate and connecting angle suffered load or less during loading process, the gusset plate forced region are the middle area of connecting. 4 The ultimate bearing capacity of node is, approximately 3.045 times the design load.Node design is relatively conservative, gusset plate underutilized, and design of node is large, by reducing the thickness of the gusset plate

Experimental Study on the Interface characteristics of geogrid-reinforced fly ash Wei Shi1,a, Jin Han2,b , Yuanhao Jiang3,c, Yong Bin Li 4,d 1School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, 266033, China 2Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao, 266033, China 3Qingdao Public Architectural Design Institute Co., Ltd,266071,China asusan.sw@163.com, bhanjinshitou@163.com, cqdzhao2008@163.com Keywords: geogrid-reinforced fly ash;Drawing characteristic test;Interface parameters Abstract.
The technology of Reinforced soil has been widely used in civil engineering, its theory has some development .
The wet fly ash as a building foundation，reinforcement should be necessary,turning it into a reinforced soil by adding geogrid to fly ash is a possible measure.Reinforced soil technology has been widely used in civil engineering reinforcement, protection and water conservancy, road, railway, coal, construction and other engineering fields,engineering practice and theory have a certain amount of development[1,2],however, this technology applied to the study of fly ash material is very few, the study of pull-out test in the fly ash is particularly important.
In this paper ,the main purpose of pull-out test is to study interface characteristics between the one-way geogrid EG90R and fly ash of different moisture contents and different normal stress ,determine the interface parameters between geogrid and fly ash, provide experimental basis for the stability analysis and practical engineering applications of geogrid reinforced retaining wall .
In practical engineering if you want to increase the packing of the geogrid limit drawing force, it’s preferable to mix with gravel in the filler.

Uniaxial Compression Tests Research on C25 Glazed Hollow Bead Insulation Concrete ZePingZhang DiWu FeiQiao ZhuLi College of Architecture and Civil Engineering of Taiyuan University of Technology in China zzp319@sina.com , woshiqiaofei158@sina.com   Keywords: Glazed hollow bead , Insulation concrete , Uniaxial compression test Abstract: With the growing global energy crisis, development of economic and land-efficient construction structural system became an significant subject in Civil Engineering field.
It can be used with thermal insulation, fire protection requirements of civil engineering structures [2].