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Firstly, geometrical and mechanical in situ surveys are presented.
Keywords: Ancient timber structure, ceiling vault, in situ survey, structural analysis Introduction The analysis of ancient timber structures shows some difficulties related to several factors, like the high features variability due to the material nature, the inaccessibility to carry out in depth surveys, the insufficient information about the used past technologies.
Preliminary diagnostic inspections are needed to evidence any damage and decay situations, to find and eliminate their causes and, at the same time, to characterize the structure as respect to the mechanical properties, for determining the actual load-bearing performance and capability.
For the purpose of acquiring a comprehensive knowledge of the systems, the analysis methodology has been developed through the following steps: 1) geometrical survey, aiming at the identification of the structural scheme by means of in situ inspections; 2) failure diagnosis and visual grading, aiming at the evaluation of material defects and deterioration degrees, and then of the mechanical properties of old timber elements; 3) structural modeling, aiming at the definition of geometrical, mechanical and loading models, corresponding to different phases of the structure life; 4) numerical analysis, for the evaluation of the structure capability in terms of strength and deformation, carried out according to Eurocode 5.
Concerning the mechanical characterization, for the structural models related to the erection phases of the structure the material is modelled as "new timber", assuming the mechanical properties according to UNI 11035-2 (2003) standard.

The physical properties of the cement are listed in Table 1.
The requirements for various properties of SCC was listed in Table 4.
It is closely related to the properties of fly ash.
At the same time, the maximum grain size, grain type, grading and other factors of coarse aggregate should be taken into account a reasonable coarse aggregate’s volume content of SCC.
(2) Effect of coarse aggregate volume content on mechanical properties of SCC It has been studied that the influence of coarse aggregate on the compressive strength of SCC when the coarse aggregate content maintains within 0.26 and 0.36.

Mechanical property is referred to compressive strengths of a brick unit.
Wide-variety properties of clay bricks are significant resistance to typical enviroment circumstance.
Their mechanical properties relate to durability and worsened cause, such as saline or acidic solvent [1] which are influenced by compressive strength [2].
The compressive strength of the fired brick unit depends on their local characteristics of bricks , assuming that other factors remain invariable.
Its basic physical properties obviously occur in physical analysis, such as density, void area, and water absorption.

Introduction The emergence and development of new materials manufacturing technologies leads to the invention of new ways to control their properties or to improve existing.
The result of these measurements may affect not only the properties of the product, but also the possibility of its further operation.
Tomography gives the most accurate results, but it is also one of the most complex control methods that require consideration of many technological and physical scanning factors.
"Heat treatment of Ti6Al4V produced by Selective Laser Melting: Microstructure and mechanical properties." 
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6AL-4V Manufactured by SLM.

Thus, a balance between process and properties or cost is essential in order to achieve widespread use of AM technologies in industry.
This paper focuses on investigating and comparing the mechanical properties and behavior, as well as manufacturability and costs based on part complexity for 316L stainless steel fabricated via AM versus conventionally fabricated (CNC) samples of 316L stainless steel.
The lower hardness in the case of the heat-treated samples is normal behavior resulting the softer ductile material properties.
The tensile properties of CNC machined samples were better to those of AM.
Factors such as mechanical performance cost and part complexity play a big role in deciding on a most sustainable manufacturing approach in terms of production.

Through screening the chips effectively, processing, being made into artificial sand, due to the formation of factors, usually the edges and corners of chips produced are obvious, fineness modulus is larger, stone powder content is higher and regional difference exists [2,3].
Basic properties of cement are shown in Table 1 .Tests of raw materials of chemical compositions are shown in Table 2.
(3) The shrinkage and deformation properties of concrete at different ages were tested by contact method.
Results of concrete synergist effects on the properties of chip concrete impermeability are shown in table 8.
Properties of low binder ultra-high performance cementitious composites: Comparison of nanosilica and microsilica.Vol.102(2016)No.1,p706.

Spot welding is a very fast process, whose many factors affect the generation of welding defects.
Not only are experimental factors difficult to control, but also stress distributions are difficult to monitor in practical cases.
And Sawhill[4] obtained the effect on strength among the three factors of spot weldment as a function of welding pressure and welding current, experimentally.
The test was done by using the lap joint specimen, whose mechanical properties are shown in Table 1.
The objective functions were defined by using mechanical properties as follow (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2): (1) Tensile-shear strength for the maximization of joint strength and rupture strength (2) Increase of electrode force for preventive disperse (3) Decrease of indentation depth for good looking quality Table 1.

Nishii, Optical properties of zinc bismuth phosphate glass, Mater.
Avlas, Glass-formation and some properties of glasses of the system BaO-Nb2O5-P2O5, Fiz.
Delevoye, Study of structure and properties of ZnO-Bi2O3-P2O5 glasses, J.
Nishii, Optical properties if fluorine-substituted zinc bismuth phosphate glasses, J.
Adamietz, Non linear optical properties of some niobium(V) oxide glasses, Eur.

Investigation of the Raw Materials' Composition and Ratio Influence on the Structure and Properties of the Foamed Slag Glass Yatsenko E.A.a, Goltsman B.M. and Yatsenko L.A.
The structure and properties of the obtained samples were defined, the relationship between the type and amount of the introduced foaming agents and changes in the structure and properties of the samples were established.
Effective TIM for the construction should have a whole set of properties: high thermal resistance, environmental safety (no emission of harmful substances during operation), fire resistance, resistance to household influences, mechanical strength, ease of use and low cost.
Gol'tsman, Investigation of the factors influencing the properties and structure of foamed slag glass, Glass and Ceramics. 71(3-4) (2014) 111-114
Kosarev, Physical-chemical properties and structure of foamed slag glass based on thermal power plant wastes, Glass and Ceramics. 70 (1-2) (2013) 3-6

Since the crude oil contains benzene and other toxic chemical substances, the most typical harm of oil spill pollution is affecting human health.
After the oil is recycled, the physical or chemical property will not be changed.
It has the advantages of low toxicity, not affected by wave and preventing the spread of oil effectively.
In terms of properties, the crude oil of Changqing Oilfield belongs to the high waxy (0.037% of wax quantity) and high viscosity （30 Mpa.s）oil.
Temperature is one of the most important factors which controls the effect of oil dispersant.