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Nondestructive Evaluation of Timber Columns of a Capela Bridge in the State of São Paulo, Brazil Fabiane Salles Ferro1,a, Julio César Pigozzo2,b, Diego Henrique de Almeida1,c, Felipe Hideyoshi Icimoto1, d, Laurenn Borges de Macedo1, e, Carlito Calil Junior1, f and Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr1, g 1University of São Paulo (USP), School of Engineering of São Carlos (EESC), Department of Structural Engineering (SET), Wood and Timber Structures Laboratory (LaMEM), Trabalhador sãocarlense Av. 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 2 University of Maringá (UEM), Department of Engineering Civil (DEC), Colombo Av. 5790, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil afsferro@usp.br, bjcpigozzo@uem.br, calmeidadh@usp.br, dicimoto@usp.br, elaurennmacedo@usp.br, ffrocco@sc.usp.br, gcalil@sc.usp.br Keywords: Bridges; Nondestructive Evaluation; Timber Columns.
The team thanks to the responsible for Wood and Timber Structures Laboratory (LaMEM), of Department of Structural Engineering (SET), of School of Engineering of São Carlos (EESC), of University of São Paulo (USP) by the availability of resources and materials for this work.
Kripka, Identifications of pathologies on wooden bridges of road system: diagnosis made in the city of Pato Branco - Paraná, Engineering Civil Eletronic Journal.

Mechanical Analysis on Incremental Launching for the Steel Box Girder Hongsheng Wu1,a, Hua Wei2,b, Yu Zou2,c, Junming Ma1,dand Haijun Wang2,e* 1The 5th Construction Company LTD, China 15th Corporation, Luoyang, China 2School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China a350923812@qq.com, bweiflwoer1973@aliyun.com, czy574839@163.com, dliym@126.com, eWang_navy@hotmail.com Keywords: Alternating high girder falling method, ABAQUS, The steel box girder, Incremental launching.
Haimes: Systems engineering Vol. 5 (2002), p. 56 [2] Juan A Sobrino: Civil Engineering Vol. 4 (2008), p. 6 [3] Graciano Carlos: Journal of Structural Engineering Vol. 2 (2005), p.268 [4] Michel Yirlogeux, Claude Servant, Jean-Marie, et al: Structural Engineering International Vol. 1 (2005), p. 4 [5] Wu Hongsheng, et al: Proceedings of the International Conference on Logistics, Engineering, Management and Computer Science, Shenyang:China (2014) , p. 446

Tapered Beam Fundamental Natural Frequency Based on Rayleigh Quotient CHALAH Farid1,a, DJELLAB Salah eddine1,b, FALEK Kamel1,c, CHALAH-REZGUI Lila1,d and BALI Abderrahim2,e 1Usthb, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Algiers 16111, Algeria. 2Construction & Environment Laboratory, Polytechnic National School of Algiers, Algeria.
The objective of this investigation is to give the practicing engineers much simplified and fast tools for the preliminary design phase of a given structure.
E., Chalah F. & Falek K.: Modeling and analysis of buildings with irregular crosswalls, 1st National Civil Engineering Seminar on Materials and Environmental Protection, Mostaganem, Algeria. 2011
Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE, Vol. 122 (1996) No.12, p.1484
[10] Luo Y. , Xu X. and Wu F.: Accurate stiffness matrix for non prismatic members, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 133 (2007) No.8, p.1168

Study on the Risks and Instability factors of an operating reinforced concrete Coal storage Bunker SONG Bo 1, 2, a, OLOYA Kalongo Richard1, 2, b 1University of Science and Technology Beijing, Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, 100083, China 2Beijing International Cooperation base for Science and Technology- Aseismic research of the rail transit engineering in strong motion areas, Beijing. 100083, China asongbo@ces.ustb.edu.cn , bkalyec@yahoo.co.uk Keywords: Temperature Differences, Batch loading, Coal Bunker, Reinforced Concrete, Finite element Analysis.
Engineering Mechanics. 2011 July; 28(7). [4] Qiang FH MP.
Ansys Civil Engineering Application Examples. 3rd ed.
Engineering Mechanics. 2013 May; 30(5): 244-249
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering. 2007 February; 26(2): 421-426. [8] Rankine W.

Dynamic response analysis of steel rope impact on asymmetric twin tower building with large bases Qiongfen Wang 1,a,Ji Yao2,b, Huimin Wang 2 ,Chunli Guo1 1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,650224,China; 2Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650024, China; Corresponding author: akmwqf@126.com,bsandongamos@163.com Key words: large bases; vibration modes; steel rope; dynamic response; time-domain analysis Abstract: The FEM model of asymmetric twin tower building with large bases was established with FE-program ANSYS.
This paper took a asymmetric twin tower building with large bases for example, established the three-dimensional model of asymmetric twin tower building with large bases with the help of FE-program ANSYS, studied the influences of steel rope on the vibration characteristics and dynamic response, and provided reference for the engineering design of such buildings.
Acknowledgements This research was financially supported by the Research Foundation of Southwest Forestry University（110829）,by the Characteristic Speciality of Provincial Forest Engineering (501035),by Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centers of Provincial Structural Engineering (501042) and by Forest Engineering Key Disciplines of Southwest Forestry University (47002801).

Design of Long-span and Wave-shaped Steel Canopy Structure of Ningxia Helan Mountain Stadium Wen-wei YANG*1,2,a, Xiu-li WANG2, Dan-dan Wang2 1 College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R.China 2 School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R.China anxyangww@163.com Keywords: Steel truss, wave-shaped steel canopy, modal analysis.
The wind tunnel test of this project, which is carried out by the Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University and Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, The results shows that the absolute value of the inner and outer surface shape factor are less than 1.00, and that the larger absolute value of wind load appears in the lower part of the canopy and the top part of each door.
Conclusion By curved steel canopy design and engineering practice of the stadium, the following conclusions can be drawn.
Grateful acknowledgement is made to the contributions of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of Architectural Design and Research Co., LTD in particular for the excellent preparation of the figures and the layout by Senior engineer Lei-feng TUO.
References [1] School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory :Wind load model wind tunnel test report on stadium in Ningxia Helan Mountain(2009,in Chinese)

Study on Far-field Ground Motion Characteristics Gonglian Chena, Wenzheng Lub, Lei Wangc and Qi Wud School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China aChengonglian@ncwu.edu.cn, b534498773@qq.com, c863824320@qq.com, d330833933@qq.com Keywords: far-field ground motion; peak ground acceleration; response spectrum; time of duration.
This study can provide technical support for the seismic design of long period structures and related engineering application.
The study can provide technical support for the seismic design of long period structures and related engineering application.
Hong, et al, Characteristics of far-field ground motion of Wenchuan earthquake and the effect on long-periodic structures, Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 29 (2009) 473-478
Lam, An attenuation model for distant earthquakes, Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics, 33 (2003) 183-210

Discussion and Dynamic Characteristics of the Offshore Jacket Structure Zhao yue1, a, Zhao duanduan1, b, Jiang qinhan1, c 1College of civil and transportation engineering, Hohai University azhaoyue@163.com, bzhaodd@sina.com, cjiangqh@gmail.com Keywords: Jacket; Connections; Dynamic Characteristic; Finite element Abstract.
The calculation results show: the inverted K type connection of jacket structure is about 10% increase in the stiffness and the dynamic performance, the inverted K type connection form is more worthy of popularization and application in engineering.
But using K type connection or inverted K type connection in the engineering application is still a problem worth studying[2], as shown in figure 2.Both mechanical properties so far there is no comprehensive comparison and analysis, thus to carry out the K type and K type jacket mechanical characteristics and dynamic characteristics of practical engineering significance to the research work.
Fig. 6 Node layout of the jacket for fatigue analysis Tab. 2 Fatigue analysis of the K type jacket Tab. 3 Fatigue analysis of the invited K type jacket Summary This article achieves following conclusions for engineering reference: (1) natural frequency of jacket structure of inverted K type connection is 10% higher than K type connection, meaning larger contribution to structure stiffness

Mathematically Modeling for a Nautilus-Shaped Building Pengcheng Zhang1, a, Yuxia Gu1, b and Shuang Zhao2 1College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China 2 Zhongyuan International Architectural Design and Research Institute of Xiamen, 361005, China azpcchina@yahoo.com.cn, bguyuxiayy@sina.com Keywords: Bionic Shape, Geometrical Modeling, Building Construction.
Bionic shape provides inexhaustible creative inspirations for architects, however for building construction, which also brings new challenge to engineers.
Summarizing and taking advantage of these natural geometry rules can provide many inspirations for engineer to do design work cost-effective, on the contrary, neglecting natural shape or natural mechanics always result in extravagant expenditure.
Using coordinate conversion equation to transform the polar coordinates into Cartesian coordinates which is more convenience for engineering as Eq. 2, (2) And the equation of the asymptotic linear of the reciprocal curl curve (refer with: Eq. 3) is, (3) The bionic shape traced out by a simple mathematical equation can not be gratifying because the shape looks blunt and lacking in feeling even worse than a cartoon drawing.
Mathematically modeling carrying out the three-dimensional model in auto-CAD can supply the revisable simulating model for architect to do better job; also it supplies necessary conditions for engineers to do structural analysis easily.

A Comparison Study between Asymmetrical Castellated Steel Beams Encased by Reactive Powder Concrete with Laced Reinforcement Hussamalden Alqahar Ammar1,a* and Ahmad Jabbar Hussain Alshimmeri1,b 1Civil Engineering Department-Engineering College-Baghdad University.
Introduction It's crucial for civil engineers and architects that are designing High-rise buildings and massive infrastructure which are exposed to a variety of structural loads to take into consideration the design of flexural capacity, shear, compression, and deflection of the structural elements along with other wearing conditions [1].
Thus, researchers and civil engineers have paid attention to the study of the effect of shapes and materials that compose beams to attain the highest strength possible [4].
Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank the University of Baghdad / Iraq for the financial support received from the Civil Engineering Department to complete this study.
Abbas, ‘EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REACTIVE POWDER AND NORMAL CONCRETE RECTANGULAR BEAMS UNDER DIFFERENT LOADING RATE Aamer Najim Abbas Civil Engineering Department, Al-mustansiriya University’, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1–10, 2014