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Online since: October 2011
Authors: Zhe Yang Li
Through the analysis of examples and data, and also the interview with local architects, the paper explores the local design method of the shuttle-shaped column in the Chaoshan area.
Fig.10 The plots of some shuttle-shaped columns in the Chaoshan area Data analysis .Through the analysis of the data, it is found that the various shuttle-shaped columns are different in their shrunken size.
Temple 468 57 48 9 53 4 9/4≈2/1 1/3.12 column height The eave column in the Shuang Zhong Temple 270 41.5 39 2.5 41 0.5 2.5/0.5=5/1 1/2.71 column height The San Shan central cylinder in the mansion of Xu 372 27 23.2 3.8 24.8 2.2 3.8/2.2≈3/2 1/2.48 column height The principal column in the back hall of the mansion of Huang 385 43.4 34 9.4 36 6.4 9.4/6.4≈3/2 1/2.42 column height The upright column in the mansion of Huang 483 33.7 23.5 10.2 22.5 11.2 10.2/11.2≈1/1 1/2.42 column height The principal column in Guo Zhiqi’s house 320 31.8 27 4.8 27.5 4.3 4.8/4.3≈1/1 1/2 column height The principal column in Da Cheng Hall of Wen Temple in Jieyang 952.5 42 26 12 34.7 7.3 12/7.3≈3/2 1/2.8 column height The principal column in the temple of Tongyu in Chaoshan 392 42.6 24.2 18.4 29.8 12.8 18.4/12.8≈3/2 1/2.31 column height Fig.11 The local Architectural design method (II) of the shuttle-shaped column in the Chaoshan area The interview with local architects .As has been discussed in 3.1, data
Furthermore, no matter what lucky size the column height has ( to match any lucky word), the height of the column shaft is lucky after the reduction of the height of the stone base.
This is because the height of the stone base is 1 chi (Luban ruler), which is one periodic, then the height of the column shaft is still lucky after the reduction of it.
Fig.10 The plots of some shuttle-shaped columns in the Chaoshan area Data analysis .Through the analysis of the data, it is found that the various shuttle-shaped columns are different in their shrunken size.
Temple 468 57 48 9 53 4 9/4≈2/1 1/3.12 column height The eave column in the Shuang Zhong Temple 270 41.5 39 2.5 41 0.5 2.5/0.5=5/1 1/2.71 column height The San Shan central cylinder in the mansion of Xu 372 27 23.2 3.8 24.8 2.2 3.8/2.2≈3/2 1/2.48 column height The principal column in the back hall of the mansion of Huang 385 43.4 34 9.4 36 6.4 9.4/6.4≈3/2 1/2.42 column height The upright column in the mansion of Huang 483 33.7 23.5 10.2 22.5 11.2 10.2/11.2≈1/1 1/2.42 column height The principal column in Guo Zhiqi’s house 320 31.8 27 4.8 27.5 4.3 4.8/4.3≈1/1 1/2 column height The principal column in Da Cheng Hall of Wen Temple in Jieyang 952.5 42 26 12 34.7 7.3 12/7.3≈3/2 1/2.8 column height The principal column in the temple of Tongyu in Chaoshan 392 42.6 24.2 18.4 29.8 12.8 18.4/12.8≈3/2 1/2.31 column height Fig.11 The local Architectural design method (II) of the shuttle-shaped column in the Chaoshan area The interview with local architects .As has been discussed in 3.1, data
Furthermore, no matter what lucky size the column height has ( to match any lucky word), the height of the column shaft is lucky after the reduction of the height of the stone base.
This is because the height of the stone base is 1 chi (Luban ruler), which is one periodic, then the height of the column shaft is still lucky after the reduction of it.
Online since: November 2010
Authors: Jin Song Chen, Yin Hui Huang, Bin Qiao, Jian Ming Yang, Yi Qiang He
According to the data obtained, the at % of Al2O3 in the deposit increases sharply with increasing the concentration of Al2O3 in the electrolyte and attains the optimum values at 14.4 at% at 30 g/l Al2O3 suspension in the bath.
The data obtained in this investigation can be explained in terms of adsorption of Al2O3 on the cathode surface.
As a result, the reduction of copper ions is controlled by concentration overpotential, the amount of codeposition of Al2O3 particles gradually decreases.
This results in the reduction of the diffusion layer thickness and it is accompanied by the increasing of the metallic ion concentration in the diffusion layer.
The data obtained in this investigation can be explained in terms of adsorption of Al2O3 on the cathode surface.
As a result, the reduction of copper ions is controlled by concentration overpotential, the amount of codeposition of Al2O3 particles gradually decreases.
This results in the reduction of the diffusion layer thickness and it is accompanied by the increasing of the metallic ion concentration in the diffusion layer.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Sha’ri Mohd Yusof, Nolia Harudin
Total annual workload reduction of approximately 10,000 hours was achieved [2].
Current preventive maintenance practice and Data Observation The process that been explore in this research is the Under fill process.
Due to data sensitivity, only the highlighted task been shared in this paper which as shown in table 1.
With the use of hand drill to clean the inner surface especially the screw area, it helps the PM crew to make the cleaning process faster and in fact from the FMEA analysis on the reduction of screw cleaning frequency from weekly to monthly, it has resulted in shorten time duration on the weekly PM.
Current preventive maintenance practice and Data Observation The process that been explore in this research is the Under fill process.
Due to data sensitivity, only the highlighted task been shared in this paper which as shown in table 1.
With the use of hand drill to clean the inner surface especially the screw area, it helps the PM crew to make the cleaning process faster and in fact from the FMEA analysis on the reduction of screw cleaning frequency from weekly to monthly, it has resulted in shorten time duration on the weekly PM.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Jing Zhou, Xin Feng, Chun Yuan Zuo, Jia Shun Hu
There are a number of approaches to the modeling of cracks in beam structures reported in the literature, that fall into three main categories: local stiffness reduction, local flexibility models, and consistent cracked beam model [2-5].
The local flexibility approach introduces local flexibility based on physically based stiffness reductions, which considers the crack position and depth simultaneously [6,7].
The data were acquired by the DSPS system developed by Chinese 702 Aerospace Corporation.
The natural frequencies of the cracked pipe were obtained by performing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the measured data.
The local flexibility approach introduces local flexibility based on physically based stiffness reductions, which considers the crack position and depth simultaneously [6,7].
The data were acquired by the DSPS system developed by Chinese 702 Aerospace Corporation.
The natural frequencies of the cracked pipe were obtained by performing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the measured data.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Avinash Aher, Suresh Gosavi, Ni Nyoman Rupiasih, Pandit Bhalchandra Vidyasagar
The reduction rate of metal ions using plant extracts or biomass has been found to be much faster as compared to microorganisms [2].
This observation indicates the present of proteins in the solution might be playing an important role in the mechanism of reduction of the metal ions which present in the solution to be metal.
Based on the major chemical components of aqueous extract of TP and from the FTIR data analysis, it might be concluded that flavonoid and reducing sugar found in the aqueous extract were the main reductive and protective components in the biosynthesis of AuNPs [1, 3, 5, 7].
This shows that AuNPs formed has crystalline structure in accordance with the JCPDS data file no. 04-0784.
This observation indicates the present of proteins in the solution might be playing an important role in the mechanism of reduction of the metal ions which present in the solution to be metal.
Based on the major chemical components of aqueous extract of TP and from the FTIR data analysis, it might be concluded that flavonoid and reducing sugar found in the aqueous extract were the main reductive and protective components in the biosynthesis of AuNPs [1, 3, 5, 7].
This shows that AuNPs formed has crystalline structure in accordance with the JCPDS data file no. 04-0784.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Viboon Sangveraphunsiri, Trinnachoke Eiammanussakul, Jirawut Taoprayoon
Instead of inspection by scaffolding, a wall climbing robot equipped with these sensors was accepted to be more beneficial [1], for example, human safety and cost and time reduction.
Data from the laser-vision system comprises of weld bead position and deviated distance from a straight line where and is a number of data used in the least-squares regression algorithm.
The inverse kinematics is then derived as in Eq. 3 where is wheel radius and is gear reduction ratio
Data from the laser-vision system comprises of weld bead position and deviated distance from a straight line where and is a number of data used in the least-squares regression algorithm.
The inverse kinematics is then derived as in Eq. 3 where is wheel radius and is gear reduction ratio
Online since: August 2007
Authors: Suk Bong Kang, Hyoung Wook Kim, Jong Kweon Kim, Y.S. Song, Shi Hoon Choi
Hot rolling deformation at 200°C was
carried out in just one pass by 60% reduction in
thickness.
Automated EBSD scans were performed in stage-control mode with TSL data acquisition software.
Analysis of the EBSD data was accomplished with TSL software.
In order to examine texture evolution by hot rolling deformation at 200°C, hot rolling tests were carried out in just one pass by 60% reduction in thickness.
Automated EBSD scans were performed in stage-control mode with TSL data acquisition software.
Analysis of the EBSD data was accomplished with TSL software.
In order to examine texture evolution by hot rolling deformation at 200°C, hot rolling tests were carried out in just one pass by 60% reduction in thickness.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: Silvia Chowdhury, Nadzril Sulaiman, Mohammad Omer Faruck, Faridah Yusof
Together with the characterization method, that are Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)
Materials and Method
The silver nanoparticles were prepared using the chemical reduction method; in the presence of a suitable stabilizer including sodium borohydride in the presence of colloidal stabilizer.
Once the reduction process begins, its colour changes and the solution will turn pale yellow.
Once the sample meets the quality criteria, there were size distributions by volume and correlation raw data plot came up by default.
Figure 5 Quality report of DLS characterization, (a) size distribution by volum and (b) correlation raw data plot with respect to correlation coefficient vs time.
Once the reduction process begins, its colour changes and the solution will turn pale yellow.
Once the sample meets the quality criteria, there were size distributions by volume and correlation raw data plot came up by default.
Figure 5 Quality report of DLS characterization, (a) size distribution by volum and (b) correlation raw data plot with respect to correlation coefficient vs time.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Xiao Lei Zhao, Hua Chai, Jun Xie
Fitzpatrick, Anderson, Green, Krammes, and Poggioli [10] concluded that speed reduction between horizontal curve and its preceding element has the strongest relationship to accident frequency.
The traffic data and operating speed in varied sections were collected, and the relationship between operating speed differential as well as speed change gradient and traffic accident accumulation has been explored based on statistical analysis.
Fig. 4 Accident causes distribution for curve and combination of curve and grade Accordingly, combination of curve and grade category is with higher probability of traffic accidents due to abrupt speed reduction.
The sophisticated design consistency evaluation criteria were calibrated based on speed data and accident database which were obtained from a motorway in Northeastern China.
The traffic data and operating speed in varied sections were collected, and the relationship between operating speed differential as well as speed change gradient and traffic accident accumulation has been explored based on statistical analysis.
Fig. 4 Accident causes distribution for curve and combination of curve and grade Accordingly, combination of curve and grade category is with higher probability of traffic accidents due to abrupt speed reduction.
The sophisticated design consistency evaluation criteria were calibrated based on speed data and accident database which were obtained from a motorway in Northeastern China.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Cristina Ionita, Nicolae Angelescu, Sofiane Amziane, Ioana Ion, Darius Stanciu
The cement reduction shows the following positive consequences: it decreases the working water and porosity, too, it decreases the loss of strength in critical temperature range, it improves the pyroscopic properties of concrete.
Basic Data The monolithic refractories are composite materials, formed by a binding matrix as continuous phase, and the aggregates as discontinuous phase, with the creation of interfaces, furnishing the fundamental elements of the conceptual evolution concerning the structure and the manufacturing technology, determining spectacular changes of the using performance properties.
But the simple reduction of the cement dosage is not sufficient for the obtaining of a structure with high mechanical strength and a good compactness.
The data shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 clearly demonstrate that the structure of the monolith hardened by coagulation is denser and much more compact in comparison with that of the normal dosage cement concrete and without admixture, inclusively another mineral fine powders.
Basic Data The monolithic refractories are composite materials, formed by a binding matrix as continuous phase, and the aggregates as discontinuous phase, with the creation of interfaces, furnishing the fundamental elements of the conceptual evolution concerning the structure and the manufacturing technology, determining spectacular changes of the using performance properties.
But the simple reduction of the cement dosage is not sufficient for the obtaining of a structure with high mechanical strength and a good compactness.
The data shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 clearly demonstrate that the structure of the monolith hardened by coagulation is denser and much more compact in comparison with that of the normal dosage cement concrete and without admixture, inclusively another mineral fine powders.