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This phenomenon causes the reduction of absorbance at the wavelength region of around 330 nm, and is called photobleaching.
We derived the relative intensity of the output mode field from those data.
We think the existence of the higher order mode caused the distortion of the switching curve and the reduction of ON/OFF ratio.

Block diagram of photovoltaic solar panels system General Working Hypotheses Operation analysis of technical, economic and financial of integrated systems for energy production was achieved using computer program RETScreen. [4, 5, 6] For this calculation, the following assumptions were needed: · In order to obtain meteorological data: Ø systems with photovoltaic panels have been placed in the five zones of the intensity of the solar radiation (Suceava – zone V, Timisoara – zone IV, Iasi - zone III, Constanta zone – II, Galati – zone I); · Average electricity demand is: Ø 7MWh/year for administrative building in rural area; · The cost of electricity in the year 2014 is 0.12 euro/kWh.
Cost benefit Conclusion In line with sustainable development, renewable energy sources are the best alternative to solve the energy problems, assuming a reduction or even the depletion of classical resource.
Also provides a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases between 93 and 110 tCO2 over 25 years.

Introduction The demand for steel grades with increased strength levels and well balanced formability has strongly been increasing over the last years in applications fields such as automotive and truck. [1-2].The main goal is the reduction of weight in vehicles, crane arms or any constructional element, thus a reduction of fuel consumption keeping or even improving safety standards.
The XRD data were also used to calculate the carbon concentration in the retained-austenite lattice using the following equation: α=3.555+0.044ω(C) (1) α:austenite lattice constant, nm; ω(C): retained austenite carbon content[4] Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the cooling process after rolling Results and discussion Figure 2 shows the etched optical micrographs(OM) of the separated ferrite,bainite,and austenite constituents of TRIP steels.The TRIP steels have fine multiphase microstructures with two major fractions,ferrite and bainite,and a minor fraction of retained austenite.The areas displayed as blue are the ferrite,the bright areas are the retained austenite,and the dark gray areas are the bainite.1# expetimental steel coiling temperature is at 450℃, 2#and3# expetimental steel coiling temperature are at 400℃and 350℃.

Introduction Both BPR and ERP implementation are accompanied with lots of merits in terms of improving flexibility, enhancing quality, and reduction in costs of production [1].
Cost reduction, quality improvement, and increasing speed as the BPR results can be smoothed by abilities of IT [4].
· To exploit a table of issues that were addressed by previous studies Research Processes The presented information in this paper were based on various sources of the secondary data.
The secondary data were mostly exploited from high impacted online databases such as Emerald, Ebsco, ProQuest and Science Direct.

In particular, the decrease of film thickness can lead to a reduction of phase transition temperature: according to measurements on films of iron, nickel and cobalt [1–8], Tc decreases with decreasing of film thickness N (here N is the number of monolayers).
The Curie temperature of ultrathin films From figure 1 it follows that the decrease in the number of monolayers leads to a reduction in the average number of nearest neighbors and, consequently, to lower the transition temperature Tc.
The results can be compared with the experimental data (see the table).
The obtained regularities and numerical values of critical exponents agree well with experimental data [6, 7, 10–12] as well as with RG calculations in three-dimensional Ising model [14, 15].

Effects of Magnetic Properties of L10-CoPt based Bit Patterned Media with Tilted-Easy Axis on Switching Field at Areal Density over 2 Tb/in2 Arkom Kaewrawang* Magnetic Materials & Data Storage Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand *arkom@elec.kku.ac.th Keywords: L10-CoPt; tilted-easy axis; magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant; saturation magnetization; switching field Abstract.
Introduction At ultrahigh areal density, a switching field, Hsw, of magnetic recording media is the challenge issue in data recording because the maximum write field is limited at 24-25 kOe [1].
Consequently, it causes the reduction of the Hsw, as illustrated in Fig. 3.
Conclusions The magnetic parameters of L10-CoPt BPM with 45°-tilted easy axis, as Ku and Ms, are important on the reduction of the Hsw for ultrahigh areal density beyond 2 Tb/in2.

It was devised by Alfred Marshall L.Danglas James believes that the water is a commodity after a lot of research, tallying with the law of supply and demand, and the following quantitative expression: Where is constant(Where: is a constant); is the corresponding demand of water resource when the water price is; is coefficient of water price elasticity of demand Applies logarithm to the function (3-5) (9) Assume (10) Thus, raising water prices reasonably leads to a reduction in water demand, and price leverage is also one of the effective ways to save water resources.
Table 2 The influence of Beijing industrial water tariff adjustment on industrial water demand Item Years 1991 1992 1996 1999 Water price/() 0.25 0.45 0.8 1.6 Water consumption on production value per 10000 yuan/m3 72.71 65.4 60 35.6 Data from 1999 was adopted to calculate the coefficient of price elasticity of demand of industrial water price in Beijing: (11) With the data above, we got the equation by linear regression, (12) Table 3 The description of linear equation Variable Coefficient Std.
C 3.854465 0.090663 42.51420 0.0006 LNP -0.369377 0.107785 -3.426986 0.0756 R-squared 0.854484 Mean dependent var 4.033423 This paper came to a conclusion that water consumption on production value per 10000 yuan will have a 4% reduction when the water price rises 1%

It is also a critical component of the fuel cell technology, where platinum acts as the most effective electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction and fuel (including hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, and formic acid) oxidation reaction [6].
Many studies on the methods for the preparation of platinum nanoparticles were reported, such as controlled chemical reduction [8, 9], electrochemical synthesis [10], irradiation method [11], and thermal decomposition process [12,13].
The peak positions are in good agreement with those for platinum powder obtained from the International Center of Diffraction Data card (ICDD, formerly JCPDS, 04-0802).
The peaks at 71.0 eV and 74.4 eV, which was corrected with reference to C1s (284.6 eV), corresponding to the binding energy of Pt7/2 4f and Pt5/24f are in good agreement with the data observed for Pt [15].

However, the Russian cement consumers as a rule fail to have complete and trustworthy information as to its composition and properties of the present cements which results in effectiveness reduction of the cements under discussion used in building.
Investigation Methods The chemical composition of cements in question was determined according to GOST 5382-91 [9], their mineral composition was calculated by the formulas suggested by T.A.Atakuziev [2] and tested by Miniflex 600 diffractometer with automatical interpretation by using ICDD PDF2 data base (Japan).
Strength class LOI, [weigth %] Oxides content, [weigth %] SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 Other SAC 42.5 1.94 13.54 25.49 2.51 42.65 2.25 11.19 0.43 SAC 72.5 1.03 10.57 32.29 2.46 41.49 1.80 10.07 0.29 SAC 92.5 0.84 8.30 38.88 1.92 37.60 1.54 10.45 0.47 The results of the SAC mineral composition calculations according to the chemical analysis data are given in the table 2.
The warming up decrease of the cement stone proper can cause stresses resulting in its structural integrity and the essential strength reduction.

The related data have been listed as table 2.
Table 2 Data of rolling parameters and mechanical properties Diameter ratio i Sample NO.
Compare to deformation degree, the difference of diameter ratio can be neglected, if the deformation degree is quite high. 4) With the increase of deformation degree, the value of (σb-σs) becomes smaller, but the reduction is not so much, the hadfield steel still have good ductility after asynchronous rolling. 5) Compare the role of deformation degree with that of diameter ratio, the main factors affecting performance is deformation degree, the effect of diameter ratio is very little relatively.
(4) With the increase of deformation degree, the value of (σb-σs) becomes smaller, but the reduction is not so much, the hadfield steel still have good ductility after asynchronous rolling.