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Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting 80% of people at some point in their lives.
MCS, Taddei [7] was found that bone stresses and strains in the proximal femur were more sensitive to uncertainties in the geometric representation than material properties.
An anisotropic material exhibits different mechanical properties when loaded in different direction due to the structure of bone is different in the transverse and the longitudinal directions.
Therefore, this study was conducted on linear isotropic and assume that the whole vertebra considered as cortical bone properties.
Denote by X, is a vector of random variables with components X1, X2, ..., Xn represent the uncertainties in the load, material properties and geometry [13].

(1) Random errors are mainly caused by some factors which are difficult to control, such as the fluctuations of measurement value, detection personnel proficiency, sensory errors and changes in external conditions and a series of problems.
Statistical properties are mostly following a normal distribution.
(3) Systematic errors are mainly caused by detection equipment defective, incomplete or not the specified conditions, the experimental theory, using the instruments incomplete or not in accordance with the specified conditions, experimental theory, experimental methods or experimental conditions not meting the requirements, detection personal habits and other factors.
It contains many factors that light brightness, device performance, binocular imaging system mounting structure, camera imaging model, image preprocessing, image positioning and segmentation, stereo matching and 3D reconstruction, detection process and other processes, affect systematic errors [2].
The Impact of Lighting Brightness The light brightness is an important factor to affect obtained image quality in the environment.

The mechanical properties of the fabrics and fused interlinings were tested in FAST system and KES system and the parameters of fabrics and interlinings are analyzed by a objective mathematic method.
Introduction The rate of dimensional change are the key factors in the apparel accessories and play important roles in the garments quality.
It will affect the use value of garments to a great extent.
The mechanical properties of the fabrics and fused interlinings were tested in FAST system and KES system.
In general, the the rate of dimensional change after wash is closely related to the material properties under the correct pressing condition.

Since the natural frequency is one of the most fundamental damage characteristic factors, the above linear relationship shows that the fractal dimension of surface-crack distribution is able to effectively act as an effective damage characteristic factor.
Different from the conventional damage characteristic factors generated from vibration tests, this factor reflects structural damage from a new perspective of fractal analysis, and provides a viable and novel approach for health monitoring and safety evaluation for concrete structures.
Extraction of damage characteristic factors is the core of the technology, and it effectively reflects degree of structural damage [1].
Development or evolution state of cracks affects the mechanical properties of structures directly.
Relationship between Fractal Characteristics and Mechanical Property.

Introduction Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) have many potential engineering applications – in many industries including automotive and aerospace industries; due to their superior mechanical properties such as high strength, high hardness, good wear resistance and excellent weight ratio [1].
MMCs possess the combined properties of metals and ceramics [2, 3].
The structure and properties of MMCs are affected by the type and properties of the matrix, reinforcement and interface [4].
ANOVA was performed to find whether individual factors and their interactions that affect the tool life were meaningful.
The other important factors were cutting speed (16.09%) and feed rate (8.83%).

Currently, some scholars had prepared various properties of the activated carbon using rice husk, walnut shell, cotton stalk, macadamia shell, bamboo, wood waste and rod[4-5].
At the same time, the biomass activated carbon preparation factors were shown in table 1.
Fig.3 Influence of the activator concentration on the mercury removal performance Generally believed[6], in the process of biomass raw materials activated, the activator concentration was the most important factor affecting the structural performance of activated carbon.
For this reason, the adsorption properties of the prepared activated carbon for mercury also declined.
(1) In the process of biomass raw materials activated, the activator concentration was the most important factor affecting the structural performance of activated carbon.

The results suggest, the bearing capacity at high temperature is influenced by these three main factors: thermal damage resulted from the elevated temperature, the thermal stresses and the original load.
Introduction The properties of structural materials are greatly affected under high temperature caused by fire, which lead to the damage, failure or even collapse of structures.
Both methods take into account the variety of material properties against temperature, for instance, ultimate strength, yield strength and elastic modulus decrease with the increase of temperature [2, 3], which implies the degradation of material properties.
Thermal damage evolving equation based on residual strength at high temperature As already observed, mechanical properties of materials will decrease with the increase of temperature, and from damage mechanics viewpoint, these degradations resulting from high temperature lead to the forming of holes or defects, which is called the thermal damage.
Analysis: Three factors influence the bearing capacity at high temperature: 1.

However, this would ignore factors such as void content and inter-connectedness, binder film thickness and aggregate gradation, all of which affect the rate of bitumen oxidation and the ability of the aged mix to withstand traffic stress.
Cantabro loss is used as an important indicator for bonding properties between aggregate and bitumen.
Different filler materials may have different mechanical properties in the asphalt mixture.
The mechanical properties of asphaltic concrete considered were stability, flow, stiffness and cantabrodurability test.
Physical Properties of Aggregates S/N PROPERTY VALUE (g/cm3) 1.

The dynamic properties of ball screw feed system can be predicted at the design stage by establishment of dynamics model and dynamic analysis carried out by simulation results.
Literature [3] analyzed the composite stiffness of CNC machine tools, made the theoretical calculation of the errors caused by stiffness, and proposed measures for improvement, but the influence of stiffness on dynamic and static properties of system is not researched in depth.
Ignore the influence of non-linear factors such as clearance and friction on system performance.
Model description of the system does not take into account nonlinear friction factors, with certain limitations, and the higher plus can easily lead to system instability [9].
Therefore, the next focus of the study is how to establish a comprehensive mathematical model accurately of mechanical transmission components including friction, reverse gap and other non-linear factors, and conduct further study of error compensation.

The Additional Side Force on the Force Transducer in the Combinatorial Load Cell Tieping Wei1,a, Xiaoxiang Yang1,b, Jinhui Yao2,c , Hang Xu2,d 1College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation，Fuzhou University, China 2Fujian Province Institute of Metrology, Fuzhou, China awtp12312@sina.com,byangxx@fzu.edu.cn,cyaojinhui2000@126.com, dfjjl-xh@126.com Keywords: combinatorial load cell; spherical plain thrust bearing; rotation effect; additional side force Abstract: By the reason of the additional side force acting on the force transducers affecting the rotation effect of the combinatorial load cell，the paper describes the effect of the spherical plain thrust bearing’s structure on the additional side force.
Also the difference between the three force signals from the combinatorial force transducer revealed the asymmetric properties of a deadweight force standard machine.
Therefore, the friction coefficient is one of factors which might affect the force transfer in the combinatorial load cell.