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Online since: December 2010
Authors: Zhi Hui Zhong, Shu Yan, Zu Jue Chen
In order to adapt to different environments, RFID technology needs a different antenna communication technology to achieve data exchange.
It can achieve both multi-band and antenna size reduction.
Compared to normal square patch antenna, this antenna has a good size-reduction feature.
The n iteration Minkowski fractal called Size-reduction characteristics of Minkowski fractal patch antenna.
Therefore, it has a good antenna characteristics and size-reduction feature for RFID applications.
It can achieve both multi-band and antenna size reduction.
Compared to normal square patch antenna, this antenna has a good size-reduction feature.
The n iteration Minkowski fractal called Size-reduction characteristics of Minkowski fractal patch antenna.
Therefore, it has a good antenna characteristics and size-reduction feature for RFID applications.
Online since: April 2016
Authors: O.S. Es-Said, Amjad Ali, N. Ula, H. Garmestani, A. Tabei, O. Almahmoud, A. Dominguez, F. Orantes, Y. Li, J. Foyos, K. Almahmoud
The (0002) peak was found to be located at 38.46 degrees 2theta, using data from PDF4 for the material.
The texture scanning program used was X'Pert Data Collector.
The data is summarized in Figs 6 and 7 (a).
Percent elongation and Charpy impact data show a reverse trend
· Charpy impact and percent reduction in area data show large variations in the results
The texture scanning program used was X'Pert Data Collector.
The data is summarized in Figs 6 and 7 (a).
Percent elongation and Charpy impact data show a reverse trend
· Charpy impact and percent reduction in area data show large variations in the results
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Dong Joo Kim, Ho Sang Ahn, Hye Jin Park, Ju Hyun Oh, Jin Chul Joo
Another method for reduction is a thermal treatment.
Nonetheless, thermal treatment has advantages in controlling of degree of reduction in terms of the amount of functional groups [7].
Reduction conditions were repeated as reported in other journals [6,8].
Gas sensing measurement: Gas sensing properties of each GO and rGO film were measured by the system consisting of Keithley 2400 sourcemeter, mass flow controller (MFC), MFC controller, nitrogen, oxygen, methanol gas cylinders and LabView based data acquisition computer (DAC).
It indicates the slight reduction of GO and have an agreement with XRD results in other studies [12].
Nonetheless, thermal treatment has advantages in controlling of degree of reduction in terms of the amount of functional groups [7].
Reduction conditions were repeated as reported in other journals [6,8].
Gas sensing measurement: Gas sensing properties of each GO and rGO film were measured by the system consisting of Keithley 2400 sourcemeter, mass flow controller (MFC), MFC controller, nitrogen, oxygen, methanol gas cylinders and LabView based data acquisition computer (DAC).
It indicates the slight reduction of GO and have an agreement with XRD results in other studies [12].
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Hong Fei Sun, Wei Hou
Study on the Improvement of TFIDF Algorithm in Data Mining
Hongfei Sun, Wei Hou
School of Economics and Management Northeast Dianli University, Jilin, China
sunny_bird@126.com
Keywords: Improvement of Algorithm; Improved TFIDF Algorithm; Data Mining
Abstract.
In order to remedy the defects of traditional methods in the data mining, improving the data mining effect.
The paper proved that the improved TFIDF algorithm is better than other traditional methods more scientific, more advantages and practical value based on four data mining results are compared and evaluated.
However, it's a very difficult thing that search potential cooperator in the multitude of data who have the similar research contents.
With the rapid development of computer technology and the technology of data mining in recent years, it provides the possibility for researchers to search potential cooperator.
In order to remedy the defects of traditional methods in the data mining, improving the data mining effect.
The paper proved that the improved TFIDF algorithm is better than other traditional methods more scientific, more advantages and practical value based on four data mining results are compared and evaluated.
However, it's a very difficult thing that search potential cooperator in the multitude of data who have the similar research contents.
With the rapid development of computer technology and the technology of data mining in recent years, it provides the possibility for researchers to search potential cooperator.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Jian Yong Wang, Xi Guo
Test Case Optimization Based on State Transition Reduction
Xi Guo1, Jianyong Wang1,a
1Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Huazhong Agriculture University,
Wuhan 430070, China
awjy01@mail.hzau.edu.cn
Keywords:status reduction, test case generation, predicate abstraction, equivalence class
Abstract.Due to the large number of status transition of large scale software system, an efficient test case generation method based on predicate abstraction is proposed aiming to the problem of status space explosion.
System State Reduction and Equivalent Class As for the software system, the ideal test case should have a smaller size and satisfy the test requirements.
If one test case cannot satisfies every state in the equivalent class, then the above reduction rules should be used, and this process can reduce the scale of test cases.
Data flow testing as model checking.
On the completeness of a test suite reduction strategy.
System State Reduction and Equivalent Class As for the software system, the ideal test case should have a smaller size and satisfy the test requirements.
If one test case cannot satisfies every state in the equivalent class, then the above reduction rules should be used, and this process can reduce the scale of test cases.
Data flow testing as model checking.
On the completeness of a test suite reduction strategy.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Ji Xiang Shan, Yong Hong Li, Yong Huang, Ji Chuan Su
Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulent model was used for simulations.
3 Results and discussions
3.1 Validation for baseline model
In order to validate the present numerical approach, the computed lift and drag coefficients of the present CFD study at M=1.5 are compared with experimental data as shown in Fig. 3.
It is clear to see that the lift and drag force coefficient of the present CFD results and the experimental data agree well (within 1% and 7.5% respectively) indicating that the numerical methods are accurate enough to capture the main flow characteristics of grid fins.
Numerical Study on Drag Reduction for Grid-Fin Configurations.
Numerical Study on Drag Reduction for Grid-Fin Configurations.
Swept-back Grid Fins for Transonic Drag Reduction.
It is clear to see that the lift and drag force coefficient of the present CFD results and the experimental data agree well (within 1% and 7.5% respectively) indicating that the numerical methods are accurate enough to capture the main flow characteristics of grid fins.
Numerical Study on Drag Reduction for Grid-Fin Configurations.
Numerical Study on Drag Reduction for Grid-Fin Configurations.
Swept-back Grid Fins for Transonic Drag Reduction.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Hong Zhu Quan
Introduction
Although technical papers dealing with the properties of concrete subjected to high temperatures are abundant, there are much difference among the data in the literature, on the residual strengths of concrete after sustained elevated temperature exposure, depending on concrete materials, mixture proportion, age and term of exposure, water evaporation, besides the exposure temperatures.
Some data indicated significant reduction in compressive strength after exposure at temperatures of 50℃ to 80℃, although most data indicated no reduction up to 100℃.
The test data shown in Figure.2 in indicated 15 to 25 % reduction in compressive strength when heated at 50℃, with smaller reductions when heated at higher temperatures up to 110℃, and 40 to 45% reduction in compressive strengths upon exposure.
The tensile strength after exposure expressed by the percentages of those of unheated concrete at the age of 91-days, shown in Figure.2 (b), indicated 10 to 45 % reductions after exposure at 50℃, 15 to 40% reduction at 80℃, with smaller reduction at 110℃ and 25 to 50% reduction at 300 ℃.
Although the data shown in Figure.3 are limited, it is clear that the minimal compressive strength after exposure at 50℃, were associated with the intermediate weight losses of 2.5 to 3.5 % in this experiment due to evaporation of free water.
Some data indicated significant reduction in compressive strength after exposure at temperatures of 50℃ to 80℃, although most data indicated no reduction up to 100℃.
The test data shown in Figure.2 in indicated 15 to 25 % reduction in compressive strength when heated at 50℃, with smaller reductions when heated at higher temperatures up to 110℃, and 40 to 45% reduction in compressive strengths upon exposure.
The tensile strength after exposure expressed by the percentages of those of unheated concrete at the age of 91-days, shown in Figure.2 (b), indicated 10 to 45 % reductions after exposure at 50℃, 15 to 40% reduction at 80℃, with smaller reduction at 110℃ and 25 to 50% reduction at 300 ℃.
Although the data shown in Figure.3 are limited, it is clear that the minimal compressive strength after exposure at 50℃, were associated with the intermediate weight losses of 2.5 to 3.5 % in this experiment due to evaporation of free water.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Zhan Jun Gao, Xiao Guang Li
This stage can be divided into three sub- steps: data integration, data selection, data preprocessing.
Data Integration file or database to run multiple environments merge data processing to solve semantic ambiguity, omission of data processing and cleaning of dirty data.
The purpose is to identify the data selection of the desired set of data, reduction processing scope to improve the quality of data mining.
(4) Read data and to model Once the data has to be entered, and then is to use data mining tools to read data from which to construct a model.
How to store data in the data warehouse excavation become critical.
Data Integration file or database to run multiple environments merge data processing to solve semantic ambiguity, omission of data processing and cleaning of dirty data.
The purpose is to identify the data selection of the desired set of data, reduction processing scope to improve the quality of data mining.
(4) Read data and to model Once the data has to be entered, and then is to use data mining tools to read data from which to construct a model.
How to store data in the data warehouse excavation become critical.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Zhi Hang Chen, Chao Ping Cen, Huan Mu Zeng, Ping Fang, Zhi Xiong Tang, Ding Sheng Chen
Selective catalytic reduction of NOx on VCuMn/TiO2 at Middle-low temperature
CHEN Zhihang1,2 , TANG Zhixiong1,2, Cen Chaoping1,2 a, ZENG Huanmu1,2, CHEN Dingsheng1,2, FANG Ping1,2
(1.
The activity datas showed that 2V2Cu8Mn/TiO2 exhibited better activity.
Intensity data were collected over a 2θ range of 5°-85°.
The XRD phases were identified by comparison with the reference data from International Center for Diffraction Data (ICDD) files.
With increasing of Cu content and reduction of Mn content, the XRD peak of the CuO phase increased and the peak of Mn2O3 decreased.
The activity datas showed that 2V2Cu8Mn/TiO2 exhibited better activity.
Intensity data were collected over a 2θ range of 5°-85°.
The XRD phases were identified by comparison with the reference data from International Center for Diffraction Data (ICDD) files.
With increasing of Cu content and reduction of Mn content, the XRD peak of the CuO phase increased and the peak of Mn2O3 decreased.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Yi Chen, Si Cheng Deng
Age estimation is an important method to solve the face recognition with age change, due to the feature extraction,in the process of age estimation study, PCA dimensional reduction method is usually used to reduce dimension with excessive dimension.PCA refers that transform the sample matrix into one-dimensional vector first, then the one-dimensional vectors form a matrix, solve the eigenvector. 2D-PCA applied in this paper is not required to transform the sample matrix into one-dimensional vector, but construct scatter matrix with data matrix directly, accordingly, the computing time is reduced and a good performance evaluation is achieved in the test.
PCA generally refers that transform the sample matrix into a one-dimensional vector first, then a number of the sample vectors form a matrix[4], finally solve the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix; 2D-PCA is not required to transform the sample matrix into a one-dimensional vector, but construct scatter matrix with data matrix directly,therefore, characteristics extracted by 2D-PCA are better and faster than PCA and the calculation time is reduced.
Compare with PCA and 2D-PCA dimension reduction method of the face image identification and the calibration point method, the time spent and the recognition rate were as shown in Figure 1.
Randomly select the training sample, the rest are as test sample, treat with PCA and 2DPCA dimension reduction. 3.
Table1 Experimental results Test methods Group 1 Accuracy rate Group 2 Accuracy rate Group 3 Accuracy rate Running time Calibration points 70.0% 71.2% 71.1% 22.62s PCA 69.4% 69.1% 70.4% 91.65s 2DPCA 71.1% 72.4% 70.6% 35.94s The test results showed that the original image information was not required to read due to the use of calibration point method, thus dimension reduction was not needed, therefore the running time was the shortest; while the running time of using traditional PCA dimension reduction method was the longest, the 2D -PCA method used in this paper was considerably less than the traditional PCA method.
PCA generally refers that transform the sample matrix into a one-dimensional vector first, then a number of the sample vectors form a matrix[4], finally solve the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix; 2D-PCA is not required to transform the sample matrix into a one-dimensional vector, but construct scatter matrix with data matrix directly,therefore, characteristics extracted by 2D-PCA are better and faster than PCA and the calculation time is reduced.
Compare with PCA and 2D-PCA dimension reduction method of the face image identification and the calibration point method, the time spent and the recognition rate were as shown in Figure 1.
Randomly select the training sample, the rest are as test sample, treat with PCA and 2DPCA dimension reduction. 3.
Table1 Experimental results Test methods Group 1 Accuracy rate Group 2 Accuracy rate Group 3 Accuracy rate Running time Calibration points 70.0% 71.2% 71.1% 22.62s PCA 69.4% 69.1% 70.4% 91.65s 2DPCA 71.1% 72.4% 70.6% 35.94s The test results showed that the original image information was not required to read due to the use of calibration point method, thus dimension reduction was not needed, therefore the running time was the shortest; while the running time of using traditional PCA dimension reduction method was the longest, the 2D -PCA method used in this paper was considerably less than the traditional PCA method.