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Experimental data All the experimental work presented here was carried out in Pipeline Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation.
For ANNs, two data sets are needed: one for training the network and the other for testing.
The data sets consist of 18 groups, in which 16 groups are used to train ANN and the other are used to test.
If some kind of chemical element is not contained in a welding material in Table 1, the corresponding input neurons data is set as zero.
The predicted results are compared with the training data, the average maximum relative error of four mechanical properties in the training is less than 5.7%.

Training and testing data of ANNFLC are determined by using behaviour of PI controlled system against Northridge.
Training and testing data of ANNFLC are determined by using behaviour of PI controlled cart under active mode results against Northridge.
Also, it applies a combination of the least-squares method and the back propagation gradient descent method for training fuzzy inference system (FIS) membership function parameters to emulate a given training data set [6].
ANNFLC is designed by using training and checking data sets obtained from PI controlled building-like structure.
ANFIS ensures to obtain optimum range of membership functions and exact rules which are based on experimental data.

After studying on the production condition, time and queue length of traffic jam after lane occupation happens, we propose a model based on famous traffic flow theory and we use related data to verify the rightness of our model.
Result shows that our model can predict the development of traffic jam caused by lane occupation Introduction Lane occupation is a reduction in cross section or road capacity because of traffic accident, roadside parking and so on.
Experments To verify the correctness of our model, we collect the data from a video which can be download here.
According to the equations above and the data from the video, we can get the actual road capacity , density , road capacity in upstream section .
According to the statistical data, when the vehicle flowrate is 1500pcu/h, the car speed is near 45km/h, so k1 is 33 pcu/km.

The equilibrium adsorption data were well represented by the Freundlich isotherm model and the saturated adsorption capacity could reach 24.2mg/g.
Recently, many technologies and materials for removal of NB from a contaminated environment have been developed, including adsorption, photochemical reduction and oxidation.
The equilibrium data was discussed by Freundlich model in linear equation as shown Eq. (4) [5], where qe (mg/g) and Ce (mg/L) are the amount of adsorbed NB per unit weight of adsorbent and NB concentration in solution at equilibrium, respectively.
Fig. 4 shows that the Freundlich isotherm model provided an excellent fit to the isotherm data, giving R2 values of 0.998, which reveals that the interaction between NB and AmL is multiple-layer adsorption process rather than monolayer adsorption process.
Equilibrium data were best described by the Freundlich isotherms model.

As shown above, the measuring data can be used to set up FEM simulations.
The measuring data is sent by TCP/IP to the online monitor, which instantly processes the data.
The input data of the temperature model is the measured surface temperature.
The measuring data from a single forging stroke are sent by TCP/IP directly to FAST.
Additionally to the data presented on the screen, further data like minimum and maximum austenitic grain size and statically and dynamically recrystallized fraction are calculated and can be shown.

Wang Yining et al., [20] found that financial risk of financing constrained company is higher than that of unconstrained, basing on the unbalanced panel data.
According to Francesca et al., [22] availability of Point of Sales (POS) data is important for a responsive supply chain.
There is no integrated information system like Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), etc for communicating OEM and Tier-I companies to make quick decision to reduce the problems.
G. (2010), “Strategy development by Indian SSIs”, Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 110(7), pp. 1073-1093 [6] Jitesh J.
Mgt. and Data Systems, Vol. 108(1), pp. 22-42 [18] Singh, R.

The one was that the GO itself possessed the capacity of anti-wear and friction reduction.
Triplicate measures were done for each sample and the average of date was adopted as the final experimental data.
The one was that the GO itself possessed the capacity of anti-wear and friction reduction.

The surface roughness Sa reduced from initial 24nm to 7nm and reduction ratio was 72.5% which was very close to the estimated ratio 64%. 1.
In analysis, the S/N ratio is seen as a single data at each trial condition.
Table 6 ANOVA Variables DOF Sum of squares Variance F-value Pure sum of squares Percent contribution Rank Precess angle 2 1.98 0.99 2 0.99 4.44% 4 Head speed 2 2.38 1.19 2.41 1.39 6.26% 3 Tool offset 2 6.03 3.02 6.1 5.04 22.68% 2 Tool pressure 2 11.85 5.92 11.99 10.86 48.84% 1 Error 2 0 0 1 3.95 17.78% Total 8 22.24 2.78 Table 7 The results of confirmatory experiment Before polishing(nm) After polishing(nm) S.R. ratio(%) Estimated reduction ratio(%) 24 7 72.5 64 Before polishing After polishing Figure 7 3D map measured by CCI before and after polishing under the optimal condition 3.

The effect of strontium substitution on the dielectric properties for sintered ceramics is also investigated and showed the strontium substitution leads to reduction of weight loss and increasing of density for sintered ceramic.
Others changes are also related, such as the reduction of Curie temperature [7], predominance of tetragonal phase over rhombohedral one and grain growing during sintering [8].
After calcinations for 3 hours at 700ºC, the powder samples presents no secondary phases and two types of perovskite phases could br identified according the XRD diffraction data bank: rhombohedral (R3mR - ICSD card number #77585) and tetragonal (P4mm - ICSD card number #90699).

The observed reduction of the band gap was also correlated with the combination of phases due to the palladium addition.
The data were collected at room temperature in the 2θ range 20-140° with a step size of 0.017° and a step time of 212.4 s using a Lynxeye detector.
The data for the Rietveld analysis were refined using the TOPAS 3.0 software.
To understand the reduction of the absorption properties when Pd was added, the band gap (Eg) of the materials was determined by applying the Kubelka-Munk (K-M or F(R)) function.
This band gap reduction may be attributed to the different combinations of the anatase and TiO2(B) phases, although further studies are required to prove this assumption.