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The results of the analysis show that brittle fracture has acted as a main factor for failure of the structure and stress concentration together with corrosion have provided minor sources for the failure.
All mechanical supports before and after the flange were proper and the pipe line before and after the flange was all right.
Figure 4- SEM photograph from fractured surface of the flange To evaluate properties of the material, dog bone type tensile specimens were cut through the undamaged areas of the flange.
Although reduction in thickness increased stress on the flange detail stress analysis show that even with lowest measured thickness (6.8 mm) at normal operational pressure and temperature at least safety factor of 1.7 was present on the flange.
[4] API 571 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry, American Petroleum Institution, [5] T.

Linear relations between scaling factor b and T, Logb and Logv0 have been found.
There has been a great deal of interest in recent years in determining the uniaxial extensional flow properties from a number of different techniques[1].
Recently, more and more researchers regarded melt spinning as an alternative method for the measurements of the extensional properties[5-8].
It is known that the extrusion velocity affects the pre-orientation before the extension, therefore b can also be seen as an index to indicate the degree of pre-orientation of the melt.
Fig.5 Logb versus Log v0 Fig.6 Extension viscosity versus strain rate (170℃, extrusion velocity 45mm/s) Conclusion In this work, the extensional rheological properties of polymer melts were studied by melt spinning technique.

Low-alloy steel chemistries are favored because the required material properties – namely high tensile strength (TS) and good stretch flangeability – must be achieved at relatively low cost [1].
In contrast, W-EDM eliminated the shear-affected zone and improved edge quality, resulting in significantly higher HER values.
Kaijalainen, A comparison between tensile and hole expansion properties in 800 MPa tensile strength grade hot-rolled steels, Mater.
Zurob, Mechanical properties and precipitation behavior of high strength hot-rolled ferritic steel containing Nb and V, J.
DeArdo, Investigation of the critical factors controlling sheared edge stretching of ultra-high strength dual-phase steels, Mater.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of strip wound prestressed die In the design procedure of strip wound prestressed die base on fatigue theory, there are many factors can affect the performance of die, including allowable safety factor named [n], friction coefficient of strip named f, thickness of strip named t, as well as material properties and die structure.
The greater the range, the larger the influence of factors on the results of the fatigue design.
The factor which has biggest range is the main factor.
According to the data in the table, the order of which the influence of factors on the results of the fatigue design is B>C>A, B is the main factor.
The main factor is allowable safety factor named [n].

The paper investigates the optical and photocatalytic properties of strontium bismuthate doped with various rare earth elements.
The promising application of bismuthates of alkaline earth metals in this area is due to a number of factors.
Woodward, Optical and electrical properties of the wide gap, n-type semiconductors: ZnBi2O6 and MgBi2O6, Chem.
Hu, Electronic, Optical, Mechanical and Lattice Dynamical Properties of MgBi2O6: A First-Principles Study 9 (2019) 1267
You, Hydrothermal synthesis of Ca3Bi8O15 rods and their visible light photocatalytic properties, Mat.

Study of quenching organization property under wind cooling condition TU Fuquan1, a, MAO Yang 1,b and XU Renbo 1,c 1 Key Laboratory of Metallurgical equipment and its control of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan, Hubei, China atfqhb@163.com, bmaomao0738@yeah.net, couyanghui@sina.com, cxurenbo@gmail.com Keywords: quenching; wind cooling; hardened layer; organization property; Abstract.
Wind cooling is not only an important part of the heat treatment of heavy rail, but also one of the main factors affecting the quality of quenching [3].
Experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of quenched rails for different quenching conditions using the temperature directly from rolling heating [J].
Improve the Full Length Quenched Rail Properties with Jetting Air Cooling [J].

Compatibility and safety systems research and production equipment and technology of explosives between itself, the establishment and development of the explosion mechanism of explosive accidents and prevent the occurrence of accidental explosion of explosives to achieve disaster prevention and reduction, to ensure the safety of personnel and minimize property damage.
Statistics show that: From 1988 to 1995, Sweden, Canada, South Africa, Russia, Papua New Guinea and other countries emulsion explosive explosion occurred 10 cases, the death of 38 people, also seriously affect public safety.
In summary, the memory emulsifier thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate in causing factors produced by the thermal decomposition of the gas so that the substrate is sensitized emulsion, the emulsion is heat accelerate the decomposition of the body cavity or the abnormal situation formation of hot spots is the cause of the emulsion explosive (Matrix) the main reason for the explosion.
Factors affecting the accumulation of explosive system has a lot of heat, is now on the incorporation of impurities within the emulsifier emulsion explosives emulsion process, analyze aspects of mechanical rotation and thermal conditions and their own sense of emulsion explosives and so on.
Memory emulsified thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate in causing factors produced by the thermal decomposition of the gas so that the substrate is sensitized emulsion, the emulsion is heat accelerate the decomposition of the body cavity or the abnormal situation formation of hot spots is the cause of the emulsion explosive (the matrix) the main explosion the reason.

The crankshaft have complicated shape, poor rigid, many factors that inner stress in blank forging or casting process and cutting force, lamping force, surface quenching in machining process make the crankshaft emerge deformation, especially the radial deformation of the crankshaft, it has a great influence for the life of crankshaft.
CATPart file into HyperMesh, defining that the element size is 1.0, dealing with 3d model by the automatic division tetrahedral mesh, establishing the constraint and the load, adding material properties parameters, selecting SOLID185 unit, exporting *.
Journal of Chinese agricultural mechanical press, 1981 [2] Guanghua Liu.
Mechanical industry press, 2010 [7] Chulin Li etc.
Mechanical industry press, 2008 [8] Rongchang Liu etc.

So, what were the key factors that the landslide occurred?
However, the landslide incident, as well as the Vajont reservoir rock landslide, showed that can't use pure rock and soil mechanics point of view to treat with bank slope stability problems, which has complex evolution history and environmental conditions, especially not analyze pregnant and sliding mechanism of the landslides just from the mechanical properties of rocks or sliding surfaces.
Now pregnant and sliding mechanism of the Qianjiangping landslide was revealed by analyzed the corresponding relationship of the slope structure, dynamic change of the landslide main inducing factors and each part deformation and failure of the slope on the sliding threshold.
At the moment, the mechanical properties of latent sliding surface itself of the Qianjiangping landslide is unlikely to have a big change.
That was, after hydrogeological structure of the slope changed, inducing factors dynamically had only the possibility of starting the landslides, groundwater ​​pressure would become main mechanical mark which caused the rock landslides.

Optical and electrical properties of the devices were investigated.
While the optical absorption and frontier orbital energy levels are mostly affected by the presence of phenyl or thienyl, the material´s solubility, thermal properties, film morphology, charge carrier mobility, and photovoltaic performance are altered significantly also by the N-substitutions due to differences in material properties arising from the change in intra- and intermolecular interactions in the solid state [5].
The detected properties are summarized in Table 2.
Photovoltaic properties.
A derivative with thienyl groups shows better photovoltaic properties.