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Online since: August 2011
Authors: R. Yousefi, M.A. Kouchakzadeh, J. Rahiminasab, M.A. Kadivar
In spite of superior characteristics of composite materials produced by powder extrusion method, there is not enough data about the tool wear during the machining of these materials.
The reason of this reduction could be explained by the reduction of built-up edge (BUE) thickness with the increase of cutting speed.
In addition to the reduction of BUE thickness, the other factor which reduces the tangential cutting forces is the increase in shear angle with increasing cutting speed.
Third reason for reduction of cutting forces can be the thermal softening of the aluminum matrix, which occurs with increasing cutting temperature.
One is the reduction of the BUE thickness with increasing percentage of the SiC.
Online since: December 2018
Authors: Takahiro Sawaguchi, Ilya Nikulin
The data obtained at R = -1 [8] are added for comparison.
In the latter case the stress relaxation occurs by the reduction of the plastic strain associated with increase of the stress range.
However, the mean stress and plastic strain range show the different trend of reduction (Fig. 3) indicating that the mean stress relaxation is not the simple function of the cyclic strain hardening and reduction of the plastic strain range.
In present material the number of <101>||RD grains are limited (Fig. 1) and the rate of martensitic transformation decrease with increasing of R because of reduction in compression martensite.
No considerable reduction in fatigue life is observed at studied strain ratio, which is attributed to mean stress relaxation and constant hysteresis behavior at studied R.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Po Hsun Sung, Jyh Dong Lin, Ruei Hung Shiu, Chung Yuan Chen, Chen Yu Lin, Ming Da Lin
The energy saving and carbon reduction action should aim on these two parts.[3] There is 30~40% of energy used for lighting in Taiwan.
The uniformity formula is showed as below (1) .....................................................................................(1) The Calculating of Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction The greenhouse gas emission parameter was announced by IPCC which CO2 was the foundation value.
The emission factor of CO2e using in electricity is 0.612 kg/kWh in Taiwan.[5] We could estimate the benefit of energy saving and carbon reduction by calculating electricity CO2 emission factor base on 250 working days and working 8 hours per day.
The estimated costs of four proposals Analysis of Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Taiwan is shortage of nature resource. 95.6% of total greenhouse gas emission is emitted by energy sector.
The entire table of data exchange of fuel and electricity carbon emissions. 2010; Available from: http://verity.erl.itri.org.tw/EIGIC/knowledge_9_detail.aspx?
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Takeshi Mizunoya, Yoshiro Higano, Helmut Yabar, Jun Nian Song, Yu Zou
Large cities shall play crucial roles in determining the future path of energy consumption and carbon emissions in China that meets the international commitment of reduction in GHG emissions made by the Central Government.
As the capital of China with approximately 20 million permanent populations, during the Eleventh Five-year (2006-2010) Plan, Beijing had achieved the goals of energy saving and emission reduction.
The exogenous variables are given based on the base year data, and the endogenous variables are calculated through simulation.
Total electricity generation of solar is 12,159 MWh, contributing to the reduction of 7.4 million CO2-e emissions in 15 years.
Finally, utilization of solar energy increases with total power generation as 12,159 MWh, contributing to the reduction of 7.4 million CO2-e emissions in 15 years.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Long Xian Zhu, Jing Hong Wang, Zhong Yin, Pin Lu, Jian Xin He
Under the premise that the sampling plan’s discrimination power was unchanged, the results showed that the acceptance effects of two sampling plans waere almost the same, while the reduction of sample size for the new one was 44%, the inspection time and cost were all reduced.
While the sample size decreased from 125 to 70, a 44% reduction, which can save nearly half of the workload for sampling inspection.
But the inspection sample size drops from 125 to 70, a decrease of 44%, which means a significant reduction in inspection time and costs.
Zhang for their contribution in the data collection in situ.
Online since: March 2016
Authors: Wen Hui Ma, Jian Xin Deng, Shao Yuan Li, Ming Cao, Xing Wei Yang, Yu Ping Li, Yang Zhou
Copper can be used as catalyst to assist in etching silicon and the evolution process of copper nanoparticles was explored showing that the mass of copper experienced a drastic reduction in the first 60 seconds.
This result is in good agreement with the data published by Zheng [11].
Actually, the mass of copper experienced a drastic reduction in the first 60 seconds, which could be clearly seen in the Fig. 5.
Then, it is proved that the amount of copper experienced a drastic reduction in the first 60 seconds.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: V. Calderón, A. Rodríguez, J. Gadea, C. Junco
Their compressive strength showed no reduction in ultimate compressive resistance, indicating good resistance to fatigue.
Numerical series of passes in % of polyurethane waste Sieve mesh [mm] 4 2 1 0.50 0.25 0.125 0.063 Sieve remains Average value [%] PUR “A” 100 98.39 79.18 22.21 3.22 0.29 0.00 0.00 PUR “B” 100 98.80 80.88 33.86 5.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 Important data to take into account is the density of each type of polyurethane foam waste, which in this case was as follows (Table 3) Table 3.
The results of flexural and compressive breakage stress tests of these lightweight mortars, which coincides closely with those obtained in previous studies, indicate a reduction in the strength of the mortars with foam waste in accordance with the amount of waste present in each mixture, as may be seen in Table 5.
Density and compressive strength of hardened mortar Label Apparent density of hardened mortar [k/m³] Compressive strength at 6 days[MPa] Compressive strength at 28 days [MPa] MII 4R 2030 10.52 14.33 MIV 4R 2050 8.42 13.85 MIV 6R 1970 3.30 6.32 MII 4PU 50A 1800 9.41 12.32 MII 4PU 50B 1790 8.40 11.70 MIV 4PU 50B 1820 6.05 11.46 MIV 6PU 50A 1670 2.19 4.51 MIV 6PU 75A 1230 1.03 1.89 MIV 6PU 75B 1230 0.74 1.31 In all cases, in addition to the logical reduction in the apparent densities in accordance with the content of polyurethane foam waste, a slight loss of strength of little significance may be observed in the mortars with a substitution of 50% of sand by waste and more importantly, in the mortars with substitution of 75%.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Yi Yang Wang, Chen Chen Wang
The conclusion can be drawn through the analysis of results and data that the more direct the method of transferring force is, the more stable the structure is.
The reduction of internal force in each bar, especially compression, in Plan I is more obvious than that in Plan II.
Figure 3 : Axial Force State (kN) Without Improvement Plan I Plan II Figure 4 : Axial Force States (kN) With Improvements At the same time, the specific reduction of the axial force and changes of the force state in two fixed ends are shown in Table 4 and Table 5 compared with Plan I and Plan II in the former situations: Table 4 : Reduction of the Axial Force in Each Bar Situation Number Axial Force (kN) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 -2946.4482 -1139.0220 -1023.3757 -1002.3130 -724.9213 -2.6484 0.8973 8(Plan I) -2024.7368 -1013.9600 -1006.3645 -1000.0317 -10.4430 -0.4396 0.0924 9(Plan II) -4018.7798 -1017.3865 -1006.8328 -1000.0952 -1424.8760 -2.4035 1.1488 Situation Number Axial Force (kN) 8 9 10 11 12 13 (Plan I) 13 (Plan II) 7 -0.1585 -1078.0825 -885.5083 -988.8884 -997.6874 None None 8(Plan I) -0.0127 27.1459 -1010.5691 -1005.8999 -999.9689 -2483.1304 None 9(Plan II) -0.1736 -1974.5790 -1007.1403 -1005.4300 -999.9039 None 2417.8726 Remarks Provide that the
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Wei Tian
From market research to data reduction and then to the final market launch, every segment permeates computer aided design, which will develop towards to digitization, networked, virtualization, intelligent inevitably.
At all stages, from the market research to the data sorting to the final product marketing, the computer database can provide unified management in data filing, keeping and building for the sake of fast retrieval.
But we use the virtual reality technology and holographic technology in the new model, and based on the results of the product of computer aided design (CAD) model and data and computer aided engineering simulation and analysis to product a kind of immersion feeling and sense of reality, and may carry on visual interactive virtual product prototype.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Wei Dong Pan, Sheng Shan Zhao, Xin Wang, Jia Dun Liu
The research results would have certain significance of practical guide to the outburst prevention and disaster reduction.
The research data at home and abroad show that [3, 4], the area of coal and gas outburst only occupies from 10 to 20 percents of all the mining areas in each coal mine, which has obvious characteristic of partition and zoning.
The distribution regularity of gas and tectonic coal in Xuandong coal mine could be obtained accurately, combining with the geological data.
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