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Theoretical Calculation of Thermal Transmittance Adela Palková1,a * and Milan Palko 2,b 1,2 Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Radlinskeho 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovak Republic aadela.palkova@stuba.sk, bmilan.palko@stuba.sk Keywords: Thermal Transmittance, window frame, simulation.
Constant making the thermos-technical requirements stricter lays higher demands on improvement of window frames which the weakest element from the point of heat engineering.

The above theoretical model is applied to engineering example to prove it can meet the design life.
Beijing: China civil engineering society standards, 2005.

Experimental study on unconfined compression strength of compacted granite residual soils Dongxia Chen 1, 2, a, Kai Yang 2, b and Yan Yang 2, c 1 School of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China 2 School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China adongxiachen@xmu.edu.cn, byangkai19900706@163.com, cangel666.student@sina.com Key words: unconfined compression strength, degree of compaction, moisture content, degree of saturation, wetting-drying cycle.
Granite residual soils are often used as compacted soils in engineering structures such as pavement, embankments and backfills in Xiamen.
(In Chinese) [4] Chengren Xiong, Baochen Liu, Jiasheng Zhang, Duowen Liu: Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation Vol.23 (2003), p. 195 (In Chinese) [5] Heping Yang, Rui Zhang, Jian-long Zheng: Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Vol. 28 (2006), p. 1936 (In Chinese) [6] Runqiu Huang, Guoqing Qi: Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Vol. 26 (2004), p. 216 [7] Honglei Yin, Qian-jun Xu, Zhong-kui Li: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering Vol. 39 (2008), p.568 (In Chinese)

The study of the flexural capacity of old and new prestressed concrete hollow slab strengthened with CFRP Bin Jia1,a*, Lei Fu2,b, Yu Zhang3,c, Yi Lu4,d (School of civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China) a jiabin216@126.com, b746561420@qq.com, c258503830@126.com, d 402093242@qq.com Keywords: CFRP; Prestressed concrete hollow slab; Secondary load Abstract.
To study the effect on reinforcement through different carbon fiber paste volume and paste manner, we did the experimental study on flexural capacity under the secondary load conditions with prestressed concrete hollow slab commonly used in engineering.
Practical engineering is different from this test condition that prestressed concrete hollow slab is strengthened with no load or after it has been damaged with load.
In practical engineering, the prestressed concrete hollow slab which need to be strengthened would bear part or all of the load, it means that the prestressed concrete hollow slab is in the “second stress state” .there is few research about this condition of prestressed concrete hollow slab.
However, most of prestressed concrete hollow slab needing to be strengthened had been in service a long time, their mechanical properties had some differences with the ones made in laboratory, and the related results have some imprecision if it is used in practical engineering.

Influence of Different High Temperature and Heated Time on Properties of Concrete Aoshuang Tian College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China aoshuang-tian@163.com Keywords: high temperature; heated time; compressive strength; modulus of elasticity Abstract.
:China Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 35 (2002), p. 17 [2] Lü tianqi, Zhao Guofan, Lin Zhishen. : Journal of Building Structures Vol. 25 (2004), p. 63 [3] Wang Wenzhong, Zheng Xiumei, Li Guangjun. : Journal of Jiamusi University Vol. 22 (2004), p. 526 [4] Qin Likun, Song Yupu, Wang Yujie, etc. : Concrete No. 5 (2004), p. 9 [5] Wu Bo, Liang Yuehuan. : Journal of South China University of Technology Vol.36(2008), p. 13 [6] Zhou Lixin, Jia Wenliang, Zhang Biliang, etc.

Research on Durability of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete Hongzhu Quan School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China quanhz719@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Fly ash, Replacement ratio, Durability, Drying shrinkage, Carbonation, Freezing and thawing.
References [1] Hongzhu Quan, The Effects of Change in Fineness of Fly Ash on Air-entraining Concrete, The Open Civil Engineering Journal, Vol.5, pp124-131, 2011 [2] Hongzhu Quan, Hideo Kasami.

It should be influenced by architecture, planning, civil engineering, surveying and landscaping, and it can be recognised as ‘physical design direction to urban growth, conservation and change’ (Barnett, 1982), which its emphasis on restricts the scale of operation to arrangements of streets, building, open spaces and human’s activities.
Public participation in urban design is much more concerned than other design activities such as architecture and civil engineering, because urban designers are responsible for establishing a liveable, safe, comfortable and sustainable place to every citizen.

Comprehensive Evaluation Index System in the Application for Earthquake Emergency Shelter Site Jianyu Chu1,2,a, Youpo Su2,b 1Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China 2College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hebei Polytechnic University, Tangshan, 063009, China atschujy@126.com, bsuyoupo@126.com Keywords: Earthquake Emergency Shelter, Site Selection, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation.

Hysteretic Performance Analysis of Double-Tube Buckling Restrained Braces with Contact-Ring ZhanZhong Yin1, a, XiuLi Wang1,b 1School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P.R.
Acknowledgements This research is supported in part by National NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China)(50678078), Foundation of Gansu Province,China (1010RJZA038 ) and Alumni Foundation of Civil Enginneering 77, Lanzhou University of Technology.
References [1] Kim J and Seo Y: Seismic Struchires design of loin-rise steel frames unth buckling-restrained braces, edtied by Engineering Structures, 26:5, 543-551. (2004) (in Chinese) [2] Uang Chia-ming, NAKASHI MAM asayoshi: The Practice and Research Development of Buckling Restrained Braced Frames(Ⅱ), edtied by Progress in Steel Building Structures. 7:2, 1-11. (2005) (in Chinese) [3] Tsai Keh-Chyuan, Hwang Yean-chih, Weng Chung-shing.

Acknowledgments The writers acknowledge the assistance of the Department of Civil Engineering, the HeBei University of Technology, and the financial support of the HeBei provincial communications department by the project of Research on Maintenance Strategy and the trend of pavement performance after over layer.
Civil Engineering Journal, 1997 (2): 62-66