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Estimation method for prestress loss of externally prestressed composite girder bridges Yongming Zhao1, a , Hongxue Li2, b and Xuewei Wang3,c 1School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China 2School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China 3School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China ayongming_zhao@126.com, bhongxuelee@163.com, cwxw5778@163.com Keywords: Estimation method, Prestress loss, External prestress, Composite girder bridge.
How to accurately calculate the value of the prestressing loss is an issue of great concern to engineers.
A large number of engineering practice shows that using external prestressing technology is to solve the above problem is ideal and effective method.
Conclusions With the wide application of external prestressing technology, in this paper, the estimation method for prestress loss of externally prestressed composite girder bridges is studied, the formula is derived to provide a reference for the engineering design.
References [1] Nie Jianguo, Tao Muxuan: Bearing Capacity Analysis of Prestressed Continuous Steel-Concrete Composite Beams, China Civil Engineering Journal. (2009) [2] JTG D62-2004,Code for Design of Highway Reinforced Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Bridges and Culverts[S] [3] Wang Yuanfeng, Zhong Shantong: Behavior and Design Method of Prestressed Cable Composite Beams, Steel Construction. (1993) [4] Liu Zhihua: Study on Construction Quality Control of Constructional Column in Multi-storey Building, Shanxi Architecture. (2009) [5] Xiong Xueyu, Gu Wei: The Evaluation of Prestressing Loss in Externally Prestressed Concrete Structure, Industrial Construction. (2004) [6] Cai Jianjun, Tao Muxuan, Nie Jianguo: Calculation of Prestress Loss of Externally Prestressed Composite Girder Bridges, Bridge Construction. (2011) [7] Hu Zhijian, Hu Zhaofang: Practical Estimation Method for Prestressed Loss of Externally Prestressed Structures, Bridge Construction. (2005)

In aircraft preliminary design, fuselage structure design is important, and to reach the lightest weight is the main target for aircraft design, especially for civil aircraft.
In preliminary stage, the main target of fuselage structure design is to acquire the performance index which can meet the design requirements, and also to reach the lightest weight, which is especially emphasized by the civil aircraft [1].
Along with the rapid development of computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided engineering (CAE) software technology, its advantages in the aircraft structure preliminary design application gradually highlight [2].
Automated Finite Element Analysis in a Knowledge Based Engineering Environment, AIAA-2006-947,2006 [6] Yan Weitian, Luo Mingqiang, Liu Hu, Wu Zhe.
Layout Optimization of Civil Airplane Wing Structure Based on Automated Finite Element Modeling.

Herbut, A conditional stochastic projection method applied to a parametric vibrations problem, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 20 (2014) 810-818
Swita, Structural stability and reliability of the underground steel tanks with the Stochastic Finite Element Method, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering.
Sikora, Study of bearing capacity of vibratory pile applying acceleration record, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 20 (2014) 142–148
Tamosaitiene, Complex assessment model for advanced technology deployment, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 20 (2014) 280–290
Kutut, Upgrading the old vernacular building to contemporary norms: multiple criteria approach, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 20 (2014) 291–298.

Vibratory pile driver-extractor is broadly applied in civil constructions, but the friction vibration theory and dynamic characteristics of friction vibration are not studied well.
The simulation results can provide useful guidance for both vibration friction research in engineering and design in the development of such machines.
Introduction With the development of the real estate, the static and hydraulic pressure piles are widely applied in civil construction.
In fact the solution of the forced vibration is very significance to engineers, that is α)sin(θλx 11 −= , 2 1e 0 1 ωmk cosαF λ − = ， 2 1e e vmk vc arctanα − = ,           − − − +    − += 2 0 e a ba 1) a ba () a ba arcsin( 2 π π ak k , ) a ab ( ωaπ b4k c 0e − =
Han: Analytic Method and Its Engineering Application of Nonlinear Vibration Theory (Press of Northeastern University, Shenyang 2001) [2] B.

Numerical Simulations On Embankment Settlements Over Soft Ground Yu Chuang1, a, Cai Xiaoqing2, b and WU Hejun3, c 1 College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, China 2College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, China 3 College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Wenzhou, China aac-yc@wzu.edu.cn,bcxq@wzu.edu.cn,cwuhejun@wzu.edu.
Introduction The rapid development of China's coastal cities induces a growing demand for the highway engineering.
Civil Engineering Accident Analysis and Processing of Quality Defects.
[4] Zhang L J, et al.Soft ground improvement for highway engineering.
Subgrade Engineering, 4(2008):20-22 [7] Chen F Q, Li D Y.

The Seismic Response Analysis of Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge – Energy Method Qicai Yu 1,a, Airong Liu1, b, Ren Xiong 1,c, Huijun Yu 1,d 1College of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006,.
The Midas/Civil bridge finite element analysis program is used to construct the model.
The First World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October, 1956.
World Earthquake Engineering, 2002.
The Doctor’s Thesis of the Harbin Architectural and Civil Engineering Institute, 1991.

Experimental Research of Low Shear Wall with SMA Bars Concealed Bracings Wenjie Ren1,2,3,a, Pengfei He2,3,b and Ru Jia2,3,c 1Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Safety and Durability of China Education Ministry, Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2College of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China 3Civil Engineering Technology Research Center of Hebei Province, Tianjin, 300401, China arwjwlq@126.com, bjnhpf@163.com Keywords: low shear wall, shape memory alloy bar, superelasticity, concealed bracings, quasi-static test Abstract.
Introduction In the past few decades, shape memory alloys (SMAs) as a kind of intelligent material began widely used in the field of civil engineering, attributed to its the unique shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE) .
Acknowledgements This work has been supported by the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Safety and Durability of China Education Ministry (in Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University), the General Program Foundation of NSFC through Grant No. 50978081, the Doctor Fund Project of Ministry of Education through Grant No. 20091317120002.
Xie , V.Humbeeck, Materials Science and Engineering A. 273-275 (1999) 673-678
Loh, Proceedings of the 10th Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments, Earth and Space Vol. 2006 (2006) , p.137.

Research on Bending Performance of Continuous Composite Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Webs Dalong Ren1, 2, a and Fenghua Zhao1, b 1 Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213002, China 2Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China achongrdl@163.com, bzhaofh@czu.cn Keywords: bridge engineering; corrugated steel web; composite girder; bending performance.
Engineering practice shows [3, 4] that medium and large span bridges have better economic benefit combined with corrugated steel web PC box-girder composite structures, which can reduce the weight of the superstructure, so the materials of substructure decrease and cost of the bridges is lower [5, 6].
Elgaaly, Bending strength of beams with corrugated webs, American Society of Civil Engineers, Structural Journal, 6 (1997) 285- 299
Cafolla, Local flange buckling in plate girders with corrugated webs, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Structures and Buildings, Vol. 122 2 (1997) 148-156
Ma, Application of PC composite box-girder bridge with corrugated webs in China bridge engineering, Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, vol. 26 6 (2009) 15-20.

Preface On the successful basis of GBMCE 2011, 2012 the Second International Conference on Green Building, Materials and Civil Engineering (GBMCE) will be held in SanYa during August 22-23, 2011, The conference aims mainly at promoting the development of Green Building, Materials and Civil Engineering, strengthening the international academic cooperation and communications, and exchanging research ideas.
I think GBMCE 2012 will be the most comprehensive Conference focused on the Building, Materials and Civil Engineering.
We believe the proceeedings will provide the readers a broad overview of the latest advances in the field of Building, Materials and Civil Engineering.
India Liu Yunan, University of Michigan, USA Mir Mahdi Zalloi, Iron Hsien-Jung Wang,Rong sheng Engineering Design Co.
China Anita Kovač Kralj, University of Maribor, Slovenia Tjamme Wiegers, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands Gang Shi, Inha University, South Korea Zengtao Chen, University of New Brunswick, Canada Bhagavathi Tarigoppula, Bradley University, USA Co-Sponsored by Control Engineering and Information Science Research Association International Frontiers of science and technology Research Association Trans Tech Publications Chongqing Xueya Conferences Co.

Thermal design on cement-based vitrified microsphere insulation mortar based on 65% building energy efficiency standard Jianhui YANG 1,a, Lingyan LV 2,b and Zhengzhuan XIONG3,c 1School of Civil Engineering of Henan polytechnic university, Jiaozuo 454003, China 2School of Civil Engineering of Henan polytechnic university, Jiaozuo 454003, China 3School of Civil Engineering of Henan polytechnic university, Jiaozuo 454003, China a yangjianhui@hpu.edu.cn, b lvlingyan@163.com, c x.z-008@163.com Key words: Building energy conservation, insulation mortar, vitrified microsphere, thermal design, thermal conductivity, heat consumption Abstract.
The related parameters and calculation formulas are adopted from《Thermal design code for civil building》[11],《Building energy efficiency design standards for civil building in areas featured by hot summer and cold winter》[12] or《Energy conservation standards for civil building》[13].
References [1] Ji lin Ke Long decoration Engineering:Computer Knowledge and Technology(Natural Science) Vol. 33 (2006), p. 92,in chinese
Cabeza:Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 131 (4) (2009), p.1006
Thermal design code for civil building ( Ministry of construction, Chinese 1993)