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Alphabets and four digit numbers are used to designate the alloys where the first two digits represent ten times the Ca content, while the last two digits represent ten times the La content.
The quantitative analysis of the observed compounds shows that the acicular compound (A) is Al11La3 compound, while the compound that forms a network along the grain boundaries (B) is Al2Ca.
Furthermore, an additional compound that finely crystallizes inside the grains is observed in the alloys and it is likely Al8LaMn4 compound.
This corresponds to the increase in the amount of Al2Ca compound that forms a network along the grain boundaries, thereby controlling grain boundary sliding and creep deformation.
On the other hand, the Al2Ca compound crystallizes in bulky complex form that results in a network along the grain boundaries and this apparently restricts crack propagation.

It can be seen that Zr additions can influence the grain size and recrystallization remarkablely.
Fig.5 shows the quantitative relationship between the grain size and the content of Zr.
The strength gain from alloy1# to alloy8# is mainly caused by the change of grain microstructures and precipitates.
The results in Fig.5 and Fig.6 show that the grain microstructures of the alloys are stable.
The microstructure of the alloy without Zr is mainly recrystallization grains, which corresponding to the intergranular cracking fracture shown in Fig.9(a).

Hall-Pech relation gives the evolution of this one against grain size [2-4].
The Hall-Pech Relation [2,3] is an experimental law based on grain size effects.
Schematic diagram of Hall-Pech relation showing hardness evolution with grain size.
Microhardness as a function of grain size for sputtered Al(rich)-Cu thin films.
So, the contact area Ac for O&P or Amax for E.A have to be respectively lowered for the first or elevated for the second with a times number equal to m.

Example of phase indexing for superimposed diffraction patterns of ferrite (left) and austenite (right) occurring when the beam is crossing a grain boundary.
On the other hand, from conventional bright field images grain boundaries are difficult to distinguish because of pronounced diffraction contrast effects (e.g.: a sharp contrast change observed in zinc – Fig. 2.a – is NOT related to any grain boundary).
Phase recognition is not limited by the number of phases considered but by the capability of the tool to clearly distinguish between the diffraction patterns pertaining to all of them.

In Fig. 2 the sample was calcined at 650°C can be observed a large number of smaller grains and the agglomerate is serious.
It exhibits an uniforn grain structure of the ceramics and the residual pores is low, but the grain size in about 1 um.

But the grain structure under the action of outside power, will happen group of arch collapse, grading particles such as separation and features of system self-organization dynamics behavior, change the original state, flatness, grading and close-grained degree [2].
Loading: Gradually increase from zero to a given value, began to detect in a given number of vibrations, and then uninstall.
Vibration force transmission in the grain skeleton, there exists a scattering.

The most of pores are micropore; its porosity is only 0.8409% and permeability 7.0438; and diameter of volume median 66.3nm; and capillary median pressure 5.497~34.391MPa; maximum pore throat's diameter is 0.0227～0.453μm; ③The number of pores and the porosity of the limestone are less than that of the dolomite.
Dolomite accounts for 65%, which is the Subhedral - from the shape of the diamond grains, about 0.05mm; intercrystalline pores is about 6%, whose aperture is about 0.03mm, and it is pockety.
As shown in figure 1(b). 2),20.13 ~ 64m in depth from the top Ordovician is mainly made of crystal limestone; the content of calcite is about 75%~85%, and the size of crystal grain is 0.005mm~0.01mm; the size of crystal grain is mainly about 0.05mm~0.10mm, which presents crude crystal powder, focusing as plate, distributing unevenly.
Not only permeability of rock related to the number of pore, but also to the pore throat, especially the relationship between the porosity and larynx way.
Namely, total pore volume is mainly made of a little of tiny pores more than 0.1µm and a large number of super capillary micro pores less than 0.01µm.

A lower heating rate (30°C /h) is a favorite to decrease the number and size of bubbles.
Under pressure, Bi-2223 grains more trend to grow up along the rolling plane and arrange more orderly.
In Fig. 3, the number and size of bubbles increases with the increase of heating rate.
Above all, a lower heating rate (30°C /h) is a favorite to decrease the number and size of bubbles.
A lower heating rate (30°C /h) is a favorite to decrease the number and size of bubbles.

., Belgorod, 308012, Russia anaukavs@mail.ru, bbraketa024@mail.ru, c*ageevams@yandex.ru, dalfimovan@mail.ru Keywords: composite binders, zeolite-containing terra silicea, mineral additive, structure optimization, fine-grained concrete.
The working hypothesis of this study was the possibility of obtaining a composite binder with the use of zeolite-containing terra silicea of the Hotynetsky deposit as an active mineral additive, with the aim of further obtaining effective fine-grained concretes on its basis.
The structural formula of zeolite is Мm/n [(AlO2)x (SiO2)y] zH2O, where x + y is the sum of the tetrahedra in the unit cell, m is the number of cations M, n is the valence of the cation.
High activity of zeolitic rocks in the binding of lime and gypsum to hydrated phases, full compliance with the requirements of GOST on active mineral additives to cements - all this allows us to hope for the efficiency of using natural zeolites in composite binders, as well as fine-grained concretes based on it.

Molybdenum enhances grain refinement and retards grain growth during high temperature exposure.
Data consisted of the maximum load applied to each specimen and the number of cycles completed prior to complete failure of the specimen.
Specimens that didn’t fail within the specified maximum number of cycles were designated as “run-out” specimens and noted with a right pointing arrow on each plot.
The α case in SP 700 is less well defined and no continuous layer of α grains is obvious in the 788°C (1450°F) and 845°C (1550°F) conditioned material (Fig. 3a).
After the 885°C (1625°F) exposure, however, a distinct layer of continuous α phase is present, along with a significant transition zone containing increased α grains.