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Online since: June 2012
Authors: Yan Wen Feng
Research on self-cleaning organic Ti-Si compound material Yanwen Feng The School of biology and environmental engineering, Tianjin Professional College, Tianjin, China NO.2,Fengchan Road, Beichen District, TianJin, China.
The viscosity of the compound materials which were mutually soluble with water at any ratio is 40.9 S and the contact angle of water against composite films based glass which are made by pulling method is less than 5°.
Experiment Preparation Technology Take SG-Si900, tetrabutyl titanate, aceticacid, absolute ethyl alcohol, TEOS, Hydrochloric acid and deionized water by a certain mole ratio, lights-Si900, through hydrolysis, constant temperature polycondensation, distillation and remove by-products ,recover ethanol, get light yellow titanium-silane compound materials (ethanol content lower than 1%), put it diluted by certain proportion of deionized water, leave for a moment.
Use JY-82 type contact angle tester to measure the contact angle of water against thin film, after 2s measure when water-drop falls to the film surface.
From the figure 2 we can see that when SG-Si900/TEOS is constant, the contact angle of composite film against water gradually decreases with Si/Ti increasing, while Si/Ti doesn’t change, the contact angle of composite film against water gradually increases with SG-Si900/TEOS increasing.
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Cristiane Fonseca de Carvalho, Cláudio Luis de Melo-Silva, Jefferson Fabricio Cardoso Lins, Tereza Cristina Favieri de Melo-Silva, Fábio Amaral de Araújo
The cyclic fatigue test was carried out with 106 cycles at a frequency of 4.0 Hz in a humid environment with water Distilled at 37 ° C, reproducing the chewing movements under buccal conditions using a load of 80 N.
In this context, and contrary to the results of this experiment, in which there was no degradation of YTZP, a study [14] showed that these YTZP ceramics can present a degradation to water, and the professional should evaluate the clinical case of each patient and consider the properties and extract the best of this ceramic material.
In disagreement with works [20,21] that pointed out the ceramic materials are prone to the phenomena of degradation at low temperature, or cyclic aging, resulting in compromised mechanical properties, they also suggested that these degradation media may be distilled water, artificial saliva and acid solution of pH 2.5, which directly influence the surface of the zirconia, making tetragonal crystals become monoclinic.
The possible degradation in moisture, the transformation of phases occurs due to the intimate contact of the water molecules with the oxide of zirconium, thus forming hydroxides on the surface of the crack.
It is known that the experimental conditions of this study do not reproduce exactly the clinical conditions, therefore the extrapolation of these results to clinical reality of the prothesis professional should be done with caution, but it can be affirmed that the ceramic studied is favorable for the use of prostheses since the cyclic stresses did not affect their flexural strength.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Si Si Liu, Jun Ming Liu, Chao Hui Zhang
Water based lubricant thus has inferior lubricity.
An alternative to O/W emulsions is surfactant-water solutions, where the small amount of oil normally presented is dispensed with, leaving only a surfactant dissolved in water as additives [5].
A surfactant molecule contains both a water insoluble (oil soluble component) and a water soluble component.
Surfactants reduce the surface tension of water by adsorbing at the liquid-gas interface.
Dowson: History of tribology (Professional Engineering Publishing, London 1998)
Online since: February 2013
Authors: You Yin Jing, Ting Li, Qian Qian Liu
The actual energy consumption of operation and achieved effect of different types of air conditioning system are different, therefore the division of the system should be based on the use of air-conditioned room characteristic, as well as the flexibility and economy of the system operation and control also should be considered , at last determined by technical economy comparison .This paper selects a large commercial building located in cold area for model, makes energy consumption simulation of different AC system by the professional software DeST, and compares the potential energy saving.
Table 1 The energy consumption comparison of CAV system and VAV system project unit CAV system VAV system comparison Refrigerating machine Refrigerator total annual refrigerating capacity [kWh] 2264938.76 1978087.67 ↓286851.09 Refrigerator annual total power consumption [kWh] 337139.30 334581.7 ↓2557.6 Chilled water system A pump annual total power consumption [kWh] 50474.56 49345.99 ↓1128.57 Cooling tower Cooling tower annual total power consumption [kWh] 31650.00 29100.00 ↓2550 Cooling water system Cooling pump annual total power consumption [kWh] 70573.01 62685.54 ↓7887.47 Water supply pump total annual power consumption [kWh] 28679.56 28301.91 ↓377.65 Heat source The total heat capacity of heat source [kWh] 2042882.62 1947304.05 ↓95578.57 Heat source total annual fuel consumption [kg] 1151972.06 1085699.93 ↓66272.13 Heat source water system A pump annual total power consumption [kWh] 62764.43 61337.34 ↓1427.09 Heat pump annual total power consumption [kWh] 44788.03
The temperature and humidity independent control air conditioning system process indoor sensible and latent heat and control indoor temperature and humidity through the different systems.The fresh air system is responsible to handle the fresh air load and indoor latent heat load, precisely adjusts the humidity of the indoor air.In the temperature control system, the cold source no longer uses 7 ℃ cold water to cool dehumidification, and the 18 ℃ cold water instead.
Fig.5 All-air system of dry condition air conditioning units and fresh air humidity unit[3] Temperature and humidity independent control system can be used with any heating and cooling resource systems.Usually for the end of the dry-type air conditioning unit, supply water temperature is not less than 16 ℃ in the summer, and not higher than 35 ℃in the winter [4].
Table 2 The energy consumption under different systems CAVsystem [kWh] VAVsystem [kWh] Temperature and humidity independent control air conditioning system [kWh] Water chiller 337139.30 334581.7 177112.1 Fresh air unit — — 165227.7 Chilled water pump 50474.56 49345.99 24804.46 Cooling water pump 70573.01 62685.54 38351.15 Total 458186.87 446613.23 405495.4 Energy saving rate — 2.5% 11.5% Visible, for the temperature and humidity independent control air conditioning system,the energy saving rate can reach 11.5%.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Jia Huang, Shu Pei Wang, Han Jie Zhang
They don't follow the traditional location concept facing south, but according to their own unique geographical and climate features, combined with its own travel convenient or not, the difficulty level of getting water and so on to determine the place to construct the buildings.
Secondly, we need to choose the professional and technical people to form a project team involved in the protection and restoration work, and not just go generic project bidding procedures.
Thus , by the professional way to protect and repair the traditional dwellings, we can maintain traditional dwellings historical authenticity and the local unique architectural style.
First, these must be a professional team to help decision-makers to reasonably and effectively develop the tourism of the traditional dwellings.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Fei Qiao, Li Lei
Recycling and utilization about PEV Li-ion battery The situation of recycling Since the large-scale scrap of EV power battery has not yet to happen, China has not set up professional power battery recycling system yet.
So, in order to further increase the recovery rate, the establishment of EV battery recycling system must be based on the following principles: Firstly, to implement extended producer responsibility system; Secondly, to engage in car battery recycling business with the implementation of accreditation;Thirdly, to develop detailed specification of regeneration technology about non-ferrous metals, indicate access to qualified non-ferrous metal recycling companies and encourage the development of high-level professional recyclers.
Reference the “Chinese Environmental and Economic Accounting Report 2004”[10]: When the total weight of waste products processing is 125400 tons, it will spend 272.91 million Yuan on water pollution, 0.28 million Yuan on air pollution, and 0.44 million Yuan on solid waste pollution, the total is 273.63 million Yuan.
So, the establishment of a complete battery recycling system must according to the spirit of the following principles: firstly, to implement extended producer responsibility system; secondly, to engage in car battery recycling business with the implementation of accreditation, and offer a certain amount of financial subsidies ; thirdly, develop detailed specification of non-ferrous metals regeneration technology, indicate access to qualified non-ferrous metal recycling companies and encourage the development of high-level professional recyclers.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Lu Huang, Jun Zou, Shu Ping Li, Yu Dong Hou, Wei Wei Zhou
Introduction Municipal water distribution system is one of the most important urban infrastructures, to ensure its safe and stable operation is the fundamental task of water supply companies.
While pipe burst can cause a partial disruption of water supply and reduce water pressure, resulting in waste of water resources, affecting the economic and social benefits for the water supply enterprises and users.
In the news report, the date, location, repair time and influence of the burst were paid more attention, while like the pipe material, diameter and age, these relative professional information were reported less.
Nearby the large water users and bridges can also cause pipe burst.
More than 10 million people can’t use water. http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2011-04-21/ 015322329065.shtml 2011-8-25 8:00 Renshou water supply company, Meishan, Sichuan / It caused a disruption of big areas, nearly 20 million people can’t use water as usual. http://sc.sina.com.cn/news/sc-ms/ 2011-08-26/259-64693.html 2011-4-8 Jiulongpo microelectronics industry park, Chongqing Careless construction It threatened 30 million people water use. http://news.163.com/11/0409/09/ 716JRL0C00014AEE.html 2011-10-17 13:38 Xiang Fu water plant Overpressure It reduced water pressure.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Qing Wang, Xiao Chuan Xu, Xiao Wei Gu, Jun Wang
The water input of underground mine was slightly high above open pit mine and the average was 6.69t/t.
Reference Wuppertal, Germany (Wuppertal) research institute, the material input required for the production of products or provide services are divided into five types :solid non biological material, biological material, agricultural and forestry soil (moving mobile in soil and water loss and soil erosion ),Water and air.
So a lot of data are needed as a basis, here investment caused by all kinds of material can be divided into solid abiotic material, water and air.
Most statistics come from BP World Energy Statistics, China's Coal Industry Yearbook, China Energy Statistical Yearbook, China Mining Industry Yearbook, China Economic Trade Yearbook and other official publications as well as China's national bureau of statistics (www.stats.gov.cn), university of finance and economics database (www.bjinfobank.com) and other professional statistics website.
Both groups either open pit or underground mines, air input of unit raw coal is unchanged about 0.03t/t; Water input changes little about 6.69 t/t.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Jian Bin Zhao, Long Yan
Moreover, it also has functions of heat insulation, water conservation and air purification.
A courtyard with modern water-loving theme has also elaborately been created in this community.
Residents can enjoy the pleasure of playing water.
Heat collection centralization and household-based heat metering have been realized in solar water heating system.
Firstly, sound evaluation mechanism shall be established and implemented by professional institutes under the guidance of designers.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Ya Wei, Liang Li, Xin Li
Adding the extraction from one piece of cooling water to test for each system monthly.
To really need to using water as refrigerant, from the selection of equipment and pipe on consideration.
To actually need use seamless steel tube, suggest seamless steel pipe installation in the secondary galvanized, such ability assure the water quality.
To the operation management of air conditioning should first establish the cleaning plan, to the ventilating tube and recycling water pipe with periodic cleaning, clean air inlet of filters, filter, cleaning in the duct ventilation and circulating water pipes, often unpick and wash water pipeline strainer.
Second often detect the indoor air quality, recycling water quality, for the pollution to a certain extent will send for professional air conditioning clean company to clean, with advanced cleaning equipment for the whole air conditioning system do thorough cleaning.
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