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Experimental Materials and equipments.
Characterization of materials.
Zhang: Journal Biomedial Materials Research. 2002, Vol.61 (2002),p. 1
Mou, et al .: Functional Materials.
Chen: Materials Journal.

This paper addresses a physics based derivation of mode-I and mode-II traction separation relations in the context of cohesive zone modeling of ductile fracture of metallic materials.
Introduction Ductile fracture of metallic materials involves generation of considerable porosity, where micro voids nucleate, grow and coalesce.
This approach was first introduced by [6] and subsequently used by [7] for modeling crack propagation in ductile materials.
Gurson, Continuum theory of ductile rupture by void nucleation and growth: PART I - Yield criteria and flow rules for porous ductile media, Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 99, 2-15, 1977
Cocks, Inelastic deformation of porous materials, Journal of the Mechanins and Physics of Solids, 37, 693-715, 1989

Fretting-fatigue often occurs at the contact area between two materials.
The interface edge domain of a contact edge as shown in Fig.1 is considered, in which the wedge angles for two materials are and respectively.
The wedge angles for the two materials are , .
International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 23 (2001) No.1, p. 445-453
Xu: The Mechanics of Interface (Science Press, P.

Experimental Section Materials.
Li; et al, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 969(6), 2005, p.2163 [5] M.
Mizoshita, et al, Advanced Materials, Vol. 15(16), 2003, p.1335 [6] M.
Akashi, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 102(6), 2006, p.5351 [8] H.
Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 5(2), 1993, p.229

Titanium and its alloy are materials with great application in the aeronautic and biomedical area.
Sánchez, Advanced cutting conditions for the milling of aeronautical alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 100 (2000) 1–11
Guo, A comprehensive experimental study on surface integrity by end milling Ti–6Al–4V, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 209 (2009) 4036–4042
Jawaid, The effect of machining on surface integrity of titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V, Journal Materials Processing Technology. 166 (2005) 188–192
Rodrigues, Experimental and theoretical study of workpiece temperature when end milling hardened steels using (TiAl)N-coated and PcBN-tipped tools, journal of materials processing technology. 199 (2008) 234–244

Experimental Materials.
As has been discussed before, wood fibers and HDPE are two kinds of materials with different physical properties and microstructures.
Through surface treatment of wood fiber may improve the interfacial bonding between these two materials to a certain degree.
Woodhouse: Journal of Materials Science. 29 (1994), p. 1250
Bledzki: Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 82 (2001), p. 1417.

Materials and Methods Sunchromine Brilliant Red B (C.I.
Journal of Hazardous Materials.
Jiang, Journal of Hazardous Materials.
Journal of Zhejiang University of Technology.
Li, Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science).

For practical applications to automotive parts, the improvement ratio of the material with specific shape also should be discussed, not only with the flat plate.
Production Process of Specimen Material.
Misra, Engineered natural fiber reinforced polypropylene composites influence of surface modifications and novel powder impregnation processing, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, Vol.16, No.8 (2002), pp.999-1015
[4] Naoto Miyakita, Kazuya Okubo, Kiyotaka Obunai, Kazuya Yanagida, Effective diameter of added glass fiber into matrix of carbon fiber reinforced thermos-plastics for improving mechanical properties, ASC 33rd Annual Technical Conference&18th US-Japan Conference on Composite Materials (2018), pp108
Nguyen, Naoto Mitakita, Kazuya Okubo and Kiyotaka Obunai, Impact Improvement of Tape Carbon Fiber Composite Modified by Submicron Glass Fiber, Journal of Materials Science Research; Vol. 8, No. 4 (2019), pp.21-29.

Materials and Methods Materials Fermentation raw materials.
Table 3 Potential for biogas production from various materials Fermentation materials Biogas yield [ml/g TS] Reference Biogas yield of Hylocereus undatus stem relative to various raw materials Hylocereus undatus stem 695 - - Aloe Vera Peel 478 [7] 1.45 Corn straw 447 [8], [9] 1.55 Wheat straw 450 [8], [9] 1.54 Rice straw 540 [10] 1.28 Bagasse 201 [11], [12] 3.46 Table.3 shows that the gas production of the Hylocereus undatus stem is higher than the other materials.
Journal of Anhui Agri.Sci, Vol. 9(2009), p.4007-4009
Journal of Yunnan Normal University, Vol. 3(2013), p.6-11
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research.

Experimental Materials.
Jeong: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol. 344 (2010), p. 584-587 [6] M.D.
Liz-Marzán: Advanced Materials Vol. 22 (2010), p. 1182-1195 [8] D.
Catalá: Materials and Design Vol. 31 (2010), p. 1553-1558 [10] M.R.
Mollaahmadi: Journal of American Science Vol. 7 (2011), p. 231-238 [11] C.G., Tan, B.D.