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Online since: June 2008
Authors: Joong Geun Youn, Tae Dong Park
A notable feature of
UFGS arc weldment is known to be the HAZ softening [3, 4], which causes a noticeable reduction
in the tensile strength of the weldment.
The critical heat input was initially reviewed using the author's previous research data.
However TEM photo shows the ferrite grain growth and the reduction of dislocation density within the ferrite in the softened HAZ.
The critical heat input was initially reviewed using the author's previous research data.
However TEM photo shows the ferrite grain growth and the reduction of dislocation density within the ferrite in the softened HAZ.
Online since: June 2007
Authors: Jin Koo Park, Ho Kun Kim, Byung Bae Mun
The
number of bacteria at the initial stage and after 24h incubation was measured, and the reduction
rates were calculated.
These data indicate that the silver ions show a suppressing mechanism for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, so, the disinfection ratios for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are nearly 100%.
Antibacterial test results on S. aureus and E. coli Bacteria Case Start After 24h Reduction rate of bacteria(%) S. aureus Blank 1.3×105 5.9×106 - (ATCC 6538) Al/Ag=1 1.3×105 <5 99.9 E. coli Blank 1.3×105 6.5×106 - (ATCC 25922) Al/Ag=1 1.3×105 <5 99.9 Fig. 8.
These data indicate that the silver ions show a suppressing mechanism for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, so, the disinfection ratios for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are nearly 100%.
Antibacterial test results on S. aureus and E. coli Bacteria Case Start After 24h Reduction rate of bacteria(%) S. aureus Blank 1.3×105 5.9×106 - (ATCC 6538) Al/Ag=1 1.3×105 <5 99.9 E. coli Blank 1.3×105 6.5×106 - (ATCC 25922) Al/Ag=1 1.3×105 <5 99.9 Fig. 8.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Chun Cheng Liu, Wen Qiang Li, Shang Yu Hou, Fan Gao, Zhao Wen He
Since no correct estimate of the damage location was made before the test, there was no relevant data of the damage location.
The intensity of the leg members are calculated by following equation [6] (1) In the equation, —axial tension ; —bending moment design value ; —section resistance ; - strength reduction factor of member, for double-limb connected member, taking 1.0 ; —area of net section ; —design value of steel strength According to "Code for design of steel structures" [7], the strength of axial tension or axial compressed members, except for connections with frictional high-strength bolts, shall be calculated by following equation (2) (2) Meanings of the parameters are the same with that in equation (1), the stable stress of axial compression members are calculated by following equation: (3)
In the quation, —stability factor of axial compressed members; —gross section area of members; The design strength of single angle with one side connected multiplied by reduction factor: 1) The intensity is calculated as an axial compressed member and multiplies 0.85; 2) The stability is calculated as an axial compressed member: the calculation of equilateral member multiplies by the factor (is the slenderness ratio) Stress calculations of the members connected through the joint are given in Table.
The intensity of the leg members are calculated by following equation [6] (1) In the equation, —axial tension ; —bending moment design value ; —section resistance ; - strength reduction factor of member, for double-limb connected member, taking 1.0 ; —area of net section ; —design value of steel strength According to "Code for design of steel structures" [7], the strength of axial tension or axial compressed members, except for connections with frictional high-strength bolts, shall be calculated by following equation (2) (2) Meanings of the parameters are the same with that in equation (1), the stable stress of axial compression members are calculated by following equation: (3)
In the quation, —stability factor of axial compressed members; —gross section area of members; The design strength of single angle with one side connected multiplied by reduction factor: 1) The intensity is calculated as an axial compressed member and multiplies 0.85; 2) The stability is calculated as an axial compressed member: the calculation of equilateral member multiplies by the factor (is the slenderness ratio) Stress calculations of the members connected through the joint are given in Table.
Online since: November 2006
Authors: Joon Hyuk Song, Hyu Sun Yu, Hee Yong Kang, Sung Mo Yang, Su Rok Sin, Chai Won Kim
Introduction
Recently, because of automated robot welding, reduction of vehicle weight and mass production,
spot welding which is the electric resistance welding of galvanized steel(EZNCEN) by high tensile
strength steel(HS40R) and anti-corrosion have become important subjects in the reduction of
vehicle weight in the automotive industry[1].
The measured data were used as the objective function of the genetic algorithm by substituting the welding variable change to chromosome.
The measured data were used as the objective function of the genetic algorithm by substituting the welding variable change to chromosome.
Online since: February 2006
Authors: Zhi Feng Fu, Bing Chuan Li, Wei Kun Wang, Ke Guo Yuan, An Bang Wang
And the data indicated that
each carbon atom had been connected one sulfur atom.
From the results of Rauh [6], it could be assumed that the formation of S62 and S4 2 by reduction of polysufide and the formation of Li2S by reduction of S62 and S42occured at 2.4V and 2.0V, respectively.
From the results of Rauh [6], it could be assumed that the formation of S62 and S4 2 by reduction of polysufide and the formation of Li2S by reduction of S62 and S42occured at 2.4V and 2.0V, respectively.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Xiang Ling Liu, Meng Xiang Liu, Jin Ke Gong, Fei Yang, Jian Bin Chen
Energy saving and emission reduction are the two topics that people are always paying attention to.
The parameters can contribute the speeding up of development period, the saving of human resources and material resources and the reduction of experiments, thus possessing far-ranging market prospect.
Conclusion NGE model on the basis of experimental data verification is accurate and reliable.
The parameters can contribute the speeding up of development period, the saving of human resources and material resources and the reduction of experiments, thus possessing far-ranging market prospect.
Conclusion NGE model on the basis of experimental data verification is accurate and reliable.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Hee Up Lee, Jun S. Lee, Woo Kim, In Kyu Rhee
The response curve of the finite
element analysis in Fig. 4(a) is compared with the envelope of the experimental cyclic response data.
Although the R-1 column experiences no major numerical difficulty, it fails to predict the shear strength reduction that occurred in the experimental test.
However, still convergence problems developed right after a small strength reduction.
Although the R-1 column experiences no major numerical difficulty, it fails to predict the shear strength reduction that occurred in the experimental test.
However, still convergence problems developed right after a small strength reduction.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Shuai Du, Sen Lin Lu
In order to facilitate the system to achieve real-time, take the practical application of , the square of the gradient of a single error sample, as the estimate of the gradient of the mean square error, thus
(16)
It can be proved that the estimate value of the gradient is unbiased estimate of the true value,
(17)
But they still have differences, (18)
Where is called the gradient noise, it is brought by the estimated gradient defects or noise, which is because of a finite amount of input data in each iteration cycle.
Input noise signal is the low-frequency narrowband random signal noise, simulate in the time domain and frequency domain, the simulation results shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the results showed that the Filtered-X LMS algorithm is effective to control the low-frequency noise, for low-frequency narrow-band signal, when you select the appropriate parameters the simulation can take good effect on noise reduction.
However, with the increase in the number of filter order, the computational complexity increases, real-time system will be affected, thus reducing the system noise reduction and stability.
Input noise signal is the low-frequency narrowband random signal noise, simulate in the time domain and frequency domain, the simulation results shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the results showed that the Filtered-X LMS algorithm is effective to control the low-frequency noise, for low-frequency narrow-band signal, when you select the appropriate parameters the simulation can take good effect on noise reduction.
However, with the increase in the number of filter order, the computational complexity increases, real-time system will be affected, thus reducing the system noise reduction and stability.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Hitonobu Koike, Kenji Kanemasu, Edson Costa Santos, Katsuyuki Kida, Takashi Honda, Justyna Rozwadowska
Due to an increasingly high requirements regarding energy saving, higher power machinery and emission reduction, a need for bearing weight reduction has arisen.
It is expected that once sufficient amount of test data is collected, it will be possible to correlate the inclusion depth, their minimum size and shape factors with the crack initiation process much easier than through conventional testing. 104 5μm 5μm 5μm 65 mm 250 mm 570 mm 106 5μm 5μm 5μm 110 mm 280 mm 445 mm 4.5 * 107 5μm 5μm 5μm 160 mm 280 mm 373 mm Figure 3 Cracks after one-point bending testing (a) number of cycles = 104 (b) number of cycles = 106 and (c) number of cycles = 4.5 * 107.
It is expected that once sufficient amount of test data is collected, it will be possible to correlate the inclusion depth, their minimum size and shape factors with the crack initiation process much easier than through conventional testing. 104 5μm 5μm 5μm 65 mm 250 mm 570 mm 106 5μm 5μm 5μm 110 mm 280 mm 445 mm 4.5 * 107 5μm 5μm 5μm 160 mm 280 mm 373 mm Figure 3 Cracks after one-point bending testing (a) number of cycles = 104 (b) number of cycles = 106 and (c) number of cycles = 4.5 * 107.
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Fredy Alberto Huamán-Mamani, D.K. Paredes-Malma, V.B. Cerpa-Salas, P.F. Rueda-Pacheco, G.P. Rodríguez-Guillén, F.A. Cuzziramos-Gutiérrez
A slightly higher density was observed in sample 5 (1.23 g/cm3), which corresponds to a material of 100% sawdust, this result indicates that the incorporation of alpaca wool and ichu to a sawdust matrix, for the formation of materials compounds, leads to a systematic reduction in density, this effect being more important in samples with a higher volume of ichu (see data on composition and geometric density of sample 2 in Tables 1 and 2).
It seems that a higher concentration of ichu in the studied mixtures leads to an increase in the rigidity of the compounds, accompanied by a reduction in their toughness and tolerance to the accumulation of defects, which could explain premature fracture at lower mechanical stress values (see sample 6 in Fig. 5).
It seems that a higher concentration of ichu in the studied mixtures leads to an increase in the rigidity of the compounds, accompanied by a reduction in their toughness and tolerance to the accumulation of defects, which could explain premature fracture at lower mechanical stress values (see sample 6 in Fig. 5).