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Temperatures were recorded through a multi-channel data acquisition system (National Instrument, TX, USA) [3].
The zirconia group had the 1 Data obtained from CeramTec, Germany lowest polyethylene wear and the highest head temperature for each testing condition (Figure 1).
Consequently, the precipitated proteins acted as an enhanced lubrication that protected the liner and resulted wear reduction in the zirconia group [3].
Similarly, wear reduction occurred in all three groups when circulating coolant at high temperature (45 °C) due to the extra heat-induced protein precipitation.

This technology has the advantages compared to conventional manufacturing via stamping and welding, such as reduction in work piece cost, tool cost and product weight [1].However the success of the THF process is dependent on the loading paths, internal pressure versus time and axial material feed versus time.
The advantage of uniform design method is significant reduction of the test amount in experiment design, and the factors of test have a good uniformity and can better reflect the influence law of various factors on objective[6].
The sample data was substituted in formula of the response surface model, the value of the objective function was calculated.
The integration between the utilized techniques and the FEM simulations of the investigated process could obtain the necessary data with a low computational effort.

An essential requirement for the reduction of nitrate is the presence of a carbon source that can be oxidized as an electron donor.
The de-nitrification efficiency of denitrification system was very low at first 8 d acclimatization the start-up time (data not shown), and the column was allowed to stand for 3 days before the flow was initiated.
All data generated in the study was obtained using three replicate trials.
According to Fig. 2 can found that the reduction of nitrate-N reached zero within 3 d in system A, because filamentous bamboo was utilized as carbon source and continuous electron donor available.

It is possible to measure it with high accuracy by using a noise reduction method that uses the window function for the measurement result.
The theoretical curve of the cantilever is obtained by the method of the least squares of the obtained data.
The theoretical curve of the cantilever is obtained by the method of the least squares of the obtained data.
Takahashi: Reduction of Speckle Noise Effect by Divided Holograms in Phase-shifting Digital Holography, Proc. of 12 th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, ICEM12, (2004), p. 554-555 [9] C.

Measurements vehicle performance data comprised brake power (kW),flywheel torque (Nm), fuel consumption rate (kg/hr) together with the exhaust emissions like hydrocarbon (HC), oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke opacity by using autocheck 5 channel gas emission analyzer and danger MSI.
Further analysis and presentation of data is based on the average of measurement.
The reduction of smoke emission may attributed to its oxygen content and small particle diameter of the injected fuel at a high injection pressure, thus more oxygen content will produce more NOx, then decrease the smoke emission while increase the CO emission when engine speed increases.
The summary as follows: 1 The engine performance doesn't vary significantly with the changes of the CPO blending ratio for all load conditions. 2 The engine emissions promote the reduction of HC and CO in the range 10% to 15% of blends due to more oxygen present during combustion, thus the combustion will become more complete and in oxygenated fuel.

So in this software, based on SIMS formula, combining with the deformation resistance model of Guan [5], the influential coefficient of stressed state and rolling force can be calculated accurately by regression statistical analysis of measurement data.
Therefore, by taking relatively equal load of rolling power and good shape as objective functions, by taking permissible rolling force, permissible rolling power and finish temperature as inequality constraints, by taking reduction distribution as equality constrains, the optimization models of rolling schedule is established and Fig.1 shows the flow chart.
C++ language is employed to write source code because of its efficient kernel, Visual Basic is employed to establish the interactive interface and the VBA function of EXCEL is employed for easy input and output of data.
With the reduction of thickness, the crown variations become smaller.

Introduction Cutting fluids have an important role in machining process as they contribute to friction reduction at the tool-workpiece contact, to chips removal from the tool rake face, temperature decrease in the contact zone, and chemical species diffusion limitation between tool and chip [1, 2].
The tool damage is mainly caused by the formation of an adhesion layer and a built-up edge (BUE) entailing a reduction of the tool life [3].
The main parameters which affect the simulation results are the friction coefficient μ and the material data.
There is a good correlation between simulated cutting forces, shear band frequency and experimental data when using the TANH model [5].

It is clear that there is two stage in the reduction of resistivity with temperature.
The final reduction to zero resistivity is not clear or week.
XRD results show that the resulting material is identical to that found in global data derived from International Diffraction Center data.

Considering the reduction methodology based on König theorem [12], it can be written the kinetic energy of the system and kinetic energy of reduction element as: (2) (3) where mj and Ij represent the mass and the moment of inertia of the element j, ωj is the angular velocity of j element, vGj is the linear velocity of the associated point of the centre of mass of j element and Jred is the reduced mass moment of inertia.
Assembly configuration of the robotic system, masses and inertia characteristics of the elements from the structure, internal and external forces and initial conditions for positions and velocities of each element represent the input data.
The output data are the movement characteristics of the elements and the reaction forces from the mechanical system.

The feature of FDM used for calculation the thermal field consists in the fact that the reduction of spatial-temporal grid leads to increased forecast accuracy, therefore in most cases the accepted spatial intervals, in the simulation of the thermal field by this method are per some degrees of magnitude less than the thickness of the entire mold layer.
However, at the initial stage of heating of the mold layer in the temperature interval (Тev – Т/) the buildup of heat absorption by the layer of a mixture takes place and it bears an extreme character, which is reduced in connection with the reduction of moisture in the layer of the mixture (Fig. 2).
The data of the research [24] are used as initial values: the temperature of the aluminum plate filling Tfil =707 оС, the temperature interval of crystallization 669-674оС, the initial temperature Т0 =273 °C, the heat capacity of the aluminum Сме = 880J/kgK, the wall thickness of the casting δ1= 0.015 m, the wall thickness of the mold δ2 = 0.2 m, the thermal conductivity of the casting λ1 = 250W/mK, the thermal conductivity of the form λ2 = 0.9 W/mK, the density of the casting r1 = 2700kg/m3, the density of the casting r2 = 1600kg/m3, the initial moisture content U0 = 4.7 percent.
Comparison of calculated and experimental data shows satisfactory convergence.