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Therefore, it is needed that a common understanding of signals and data exchange in the specific delimited interoperability domain.
The DR operation management unit, which in the supplier domain, develops DR programs based on the load demand reduction and other information.
There are five classes, named Duty Cycle (continuous duty cycle work), Offset (hot or cold compensation), Set Pont (supervisory control), Target Reduction (equipment to reduce the load threshold) and Load (object's current state).

Introduction Nowadays, the reduction of building energy consumption has been more and more important due to the lack of fossil energy.
The details of how the photons are reflected depend upon the variance reduction technique used in the Monte Carlo method.
Input data The structure for the sample of thermotropic material, which is sandwiched in two glasses, is a three-layer structure, and the thickness of each layer is 5, 2, 5 mm.

As can be seen, for both layups, a clear reduction in fatigue life takes place especially at high stress levels.
The reduction in fatigue limits between the dry and wet material is 8.2 and 9.7% for the quasi-isotropic and cross-ply laminates, respectively.
Due to lack of precise data describing the property degradation of the Fiberdux/HTA6376 lamina as a function of water absorption, it was assumed that the degradation in the lamina stiffness's and strengths corresponds to the degradation in specimen's stiffness and tensile strength, as evaluated from the experiments (see Table 1).

Therefore, when doing research into this field, it is necessary to deal with not only theoretical data for production, but also with development of a laboratory system at such a technical level that should be a base for a semi-industrial functional model.
With the increase in the concentration of the solution a significant reduction of the necessary dehydration period was observed at the same temperatures.
Further increasing the temperature resulted in further reduction of dehydration period, i.e. 20 minutes for C 45/110 specimen.

Reduction in particle size improved the morphology of the YBCO film, and it is a useful technique to minimize cracking of coatings[10].
By comparing the data of the XRD pattern of YBCO powder in Fig.1, it was confirmed that the peak values of (00l) increased.
Yoshizawa, Effect of particle size reduction on crack formation in electrophoretically deposited YBCO films, Physica C. 357-360(2001)1019-1022.

Before 300°C, the Young’s modulus of the heated concrete samples are only slightly lower (average reduction of 1.3%) to that measured at room temperature.
With the experimental data, one can observe that both polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete and plain concrete undergoing water cooling lead to lower compressive strengths than in the natural cooling case.
Furthermore, the degree of reduction increases with higher temperatures.

Another negative effect of iron is that it reacts with Cu to form Cu2FeAl7, thus reducing the effective Cu content of the alloy[10].The additions of Ce, La significantly change the characteristic parameters of the Al–Si eutectic phase and reduced the particles size of Si [11] while had negative effecting on fluidity of Al-Si-Cu cast alloy[12].Charpy impact testing was thus chosen for use in this study while this particular test has always been found to be extremely susceptible to the addition of alloying elements and to silicon morphology, despite the fact that data on impact properties is comparatively rare for these alloys.
The Sr–Mg interaction is known to reduce the porosity volumefraction of Al–Si–Cu alloys .The addition of both Mg and Sr can lead to severe segregation of the Al2Cu phase in 319.2 alloys, resulting in large amounts of the coarse block-like phase, com- pared to the finer eutectic-like form.[14]This reduction absorbed to 1.45J of Ce may due to the RE intermetallic compound and porosity formation.
Ce formed intermetallic compound with Al, Si,Cu and Mg .Reduction of impact also may due to Mg+RE intermetallic phase which had reported accurse to reducing the energy of Al-Si-Cu alloy.

Total of twenty four beams (comprising three specimens fabricated from each concrete mix) with a central edge notch were tested to obtain the data described below.
The presence of polypropylene fibres in OB caused a reduction in the compressive strength values of 5 to 22 %, and modulus of elasticity values were reduced by 41 to 55 %.
In the case of LB the presence of polypropylene fibres caused a reduction from 16 to 51 % of the compressive strength values and an increase from 34 to 70 % of the modulus of elasticity in comparison with reference concrete.

Data Acquisition Instrument 10.
The change Semi-coke quality and residual sulfur Figure 5 shows that along with the oil shale retorting semi-coke quality reduce about 5% at 300oC, this part reduction mainly from precipitation of water, and a small amount of volatile escape.
Along the temperature continues to rise the quality reduce even more significantly, reduction at 400-550oC has reached 15%-35%, above 550oC the changes in semi-coke quality continued to decline.

Early experimental studies have provided data on the strength of filament- wound GFRP thin-walled cylinders under combinations of internal pressure and axial loads [6-8].
Fig. 3B is showing a high increase of circumferential displacement at θ=30°, which is the result of patch load boundary condition, then the displacement is decreasing because of sudden reduction of force to the value of zero.
Displacement and Stress resultant for different thicknesses of layers According to fig. 3, the curves are indicating that, the stresses and displacements responses of the cylinder shell are not varying properly for ply thickness reduction from 1mm to 0.1 mm.