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Online since: November 2011
Authors: Ming Xiong Tan, Luo Jie, Dong Qing Li
After cooling to room temperature, the solution was left to evaporate naturally, and light yellow crystals can be separated. 2.2 Structure determination by X-ray single crystal diffraction A crystal with dimensions of 0.30mm×0.16mm×0.10mm for the compound was selected and mounted on a glass finer, and the diffraction data were collected at 293(2) K on a Rigaku Mercury CCD diffractometer equipped with a graphite-monochromatic MoKa radiation (λ=0.71073Å).
Intensity data were obtained in the range of 3.25<θ<25.34º by using ω/2θ mode.
Part of the crystal data were listed in table 1, Molecular structure of SA and Packing mode of SA in the crystal structure in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Table 1 Crystallographic Data and Structural Refinements of SA formula β (º) 107.976(2) formula weight (g/mol) 240.26 V (nm3) 606.20(9) T (K) 293(2) Z 1 crystal system monoclinic Dc (g cm–3) 0.589 space group P21/c μ (mm–1) 0.053 a (nm) 8.5347(7) reflns collected/uniqe (Rint) 5626 /1380 b (nm) 6.3120(5) R1a (>2σ/all data) 0.0964/ 0.2026 c (nm) 11.8302(11) wR2b (>2σ/all data) 0.2733/ 0.4303 aR1=S||Fo|–|Fc||/S|Fo|. bwR2 =[Sw(Fo2– Fc2)2/Sw(Fo2 )2]1/2.
Table 2 Antibacterial activities of SA in different concentration (inhibition zone diameter: mm) Strains 0.001% 0.002% 0.003% 0.004% Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus 12.24 11.73 13.63 12.60 14.58 13.83 15.53 14.75 3.3 Total antioxidant capacity assay: The assay is based on the reduction of Mo (VI) to Mo (V) by SA and BHT in different reaction time (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 min) and subsequent formation of a green phosphate/Mo (V) complex at acid pH.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: Stanisław Pietrzyk, Piotr Palimąka
Data points were taken during the cooling down with a linear cooling rate 5 oC/min.
A computer was used for controlling the AUTOLAB and collection of the data.
Fig. 2 shows the experimental conductivity data as a function of temperature for Na3AlF6-AlF3 and K3AlF6-AlF3 systems.
Symbols: experimental data, full lines: Eq.(2) (CR- ratio moles NaF/moles AlF3 or moles KF/moles AlF3).
For CR = 1.6 there is no experimental data because at 805 oC electrolyte with this composition (61.538 mol.% NaF + 38.432 mol.% AlF3) is frozen (melting point is about 868 oC).
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ye Qin Wang, Yi Xing Liu
Intorduction Recently years, energy conservation and emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection have attracted more attention all over the world.
The BMU controller communicates with LECU controller via CAN bus; the LECU controller collects the voltage and temperature data of the individual cell of the battery pack, and then sends these data to BMU controller; BMU controller analyzes and processes the vehicle battery pack using these data, and communicates with VMS, Charger through CAN bus. 24V lead-acid batteries in vehicle provide power for the entire control system.
Real-time voltage data is shown in Table 2.
Conclusion Developed distributed battery management system using modular design concept, the system can realize data collection, SOC estimation, data display, CAN bus communication and fault alarm.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ta Ko Huang, Yu Ting
Our system would read the DICOM files from those CT scanning machines and transfer those data to triangle meshes.
We have a data library for implants which contain various type and size.
The depth can be calculated with those data.
Fig. 2 The schematic diagram of the depth of the dual-camera set Computer Aided Training System We put a set of LED markers on the handset so that its position and rotation data can be caught by our optical tracking system.
Images data from two cameras can be transferred to 3D information so that the position and rotation data of the handset can be calculated.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Yi Fang Zhao
Estimation of economic benefits of the energy-conservation building 2.1 Direct economic benefits of the energy-conservation building 2.1.1 Reduction of building energy-consumption Universally recognized unit to measure building energy-consumption is how many tons of standard coal consumption in 1 square meter of building area in a year [4].
Referring to relevant energy-saving standards and design drawings, we can estimate the annual energy-consumption of the energy-conservation building (R)and that of conventional building with the same structure (S).Then we get the amount of the reduction
However, now our country’s energy-conservation system of building is not yet mature and basic data is not enough.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Jun Hua Yu
Since the rural population takes up 57.01% of the whole population of China[9], a good energy saving design of residential buildings will play an important part in the whole country’s architectural energy saving and carbon emission reduction.
[6]European Union 25 Countries sunshades system energy saving and CO2 emission reduction, “ES-SO (Europe Sunshade Organization)“
[9] China State Statistical Bureau, 2005 National 1% Population Sample Survey Main Data bulletin .
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Michal Kraus, Filip Konečný
The reduction of energy consumption and the increasing of energy from renewable sources are very important, not only in terms of reducing energy intensity of buildings and greenhouse gas emissions, but also the importance of sustainable development.
Energy performance of buildings is key to achieve the European Union climate and energy objectives, namely the reduction of a 20% of the Greenhouse gases emissions by 2020 and a 20% energy savings by 2020. [1,2] According to Directive 2010/31/EU, the member States shall ensure that by 31 December 2020, all new building are nearly Zero Energy Buildings, and after 31 December 2018 new building occupied and owned by public authorities are nearly Zero Energy Buildings. [2] The nearly Zero Energy Building means a building that has a very high energy performance, as a determined in accordance with this directive.
In rare cases, it is possible to design a cooling, but must be included in the calculation of primary energy demand. [3] Input data House orientation Insolation and shading No thermal bridges A/V ratio General Building – Technical Characteristics (Passive standards) Building Envelope Heat transfer coefficient construction Mean heat transfer coefficient Annual Energy Balance Space heating Space cooling Hot water Auxiliary power Lighting Electrical appliances Zero Energy Building (nearly Zero Energy Building) Figure 1: The evaluation diagram of the Zero Energy Building (nearly Zero Energy Building) Evaluation methodology is based on 3 levels shown in Figure 1.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Ahcene Merida, Fattoum Kharchi
The specimens kept in aggressive solution; the strength of the control concrete is reduced by 17.77(%)whereas the high performance concrete the reduction was by (5.48%) only.
Based on the obtained data in this study, the use of natural volcanic pozzolan replacing (5%) by weight of cement in the mixture of high performance concrete influences positively the durability specimens concrete cured in sulphate environment.
It was observed that during the early stages, the filler effect results due to reduction in porosity.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Emmanuel Oluwafunbi Simolowo, Ali Mousavi
Considering cost reduction, an approach [1] was presented for the design, evaluation and implementation of remanufacturing processes in a given facility.
Researchers [5] also focused on cost and time reduction by creating an object/component oriented requirements analysis method and software tool.
The resulting data, such as disassembly times and sequence, can then be utilised for the planning of the end-of-life processes for a product [9].
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Hao Qiang Tan, Wen Jie He, Hong Da Han
The significance of the data is judged by its P-value being closer to zero (0.00) [7].
With the Fe3+ ion being electron acceptor, Fe2+ ion is produced by dissimilatory reduction of microbes.
The reduction of Fe3+ ion at the surface of the ferric scale layer accelerates the dissolution of iron and Fe2+ ion has a significant concentration in water[14].
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