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China 3 Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science & Technology Beijing, P.
The structure of crystalline solid products was investigated by using X-ray diffraction with X'Pert PRO MPD.
Firstly, in a Ba(OH)2 solution, H3O + in the interlayer space of H2Ti3O7 is exchanged with Ba 2+, then Ba 2+ in the interlayer space can react with the TiO6 octahedral layers of H2Ti3O7 in the crystal bulk to form BaTiO3 in situ, in which the TiO6 octahedra shift regularly from the positions of the layered structure to the positions of the BaTiO3 structure.

The ore deposit of the crag stone joint principle surface has the very tremendous influence to leads the water performance influence and rock mechanical properties of mineral chemistry reaction.
The sixth term expresses the change in the structure of the porous medium.
（4） where is the latent heat f water vapor per unit volume and is the isothermal vapor diffusivity. where is the specific heat f water and is the specific heat f structured particles. where is the thermal conductivity f water and is the thermal conductivity f structured particles.

They have many fascinating physical properties which make them of fundamental interest to all chemists, since both the thermodynamics and kinetics of reactions carried out in ionic liquids are different to those in conventional molecular solvents, then the chemistry is different and unpredictable at our current state of knowledge，and have been widely and successfully used in synthesis and preparation of materials, catalysts, electro-deposition of metals, fuel cell[2-4].Common characteristics of ILs for solvent and electrochemical application include [3-6] The [Emim]Cl/AlCl3 molten salt system displays adjustable Lewis acidity melts containing more than 50 mol % AlCl3 are acidic because they contain chloride ion acceptors such as Al2Cl7-,whereas those prepared with less than 50 mol% AlCl3 contain chloride ion that is not covalently bound to aluminum and are thus Lewis basic.
The structure and the simulation details are same as our previous works in ref.[8,9], which is given briefly as follow.
The structure of [Emim]+, AlCl3 Cl- and NH4+ are shown in Fig.1.
Fig. 1 The structure of particle used in MD simulation. a-[Emim]+, b-AlCl3, c-Cl- and d-NH4+ Results and discussion The densiy of Lewis acidic 1-ethyl-3-methyl- imidazolium chloride/chloroaluminate molten salts(molar ratio1:2) mixture with different molar fraction of NH4Cl are given in Table 1.

Due to its unique microporous structures, ZSM-5 has been extensively used as a sorbent and catalyst.
The monodisperse particles used as raw materials to prepare photonic crystal materials and multifunctional catalysts with core-shell structure have attracted wide attention and become the research hotspot in chemistry, physics, materials science, and many other disciplines and cross-cutting areas[7]. 
The regular structure reinforces the monodispersity of HZSM-5 zeolites. 1# 2# 3# 4# Fig. 2 SEM micrographs of HZSM-5 zeolites synthesized with different crystallization temperature Influence of crystallization time.

Introduction Controlling cracks in concrete structures has been a research emphasis in structural engineering and materials science for many years.
The mechanism of aggregates, pore structures, and impurities on cracking were also explored.
Chob L.C.Wang The relationship between pore structure and chloride diffusivity from ponding test in cement-based materials Materials Chemistry and Physics 2005.11

The understanding of their elastic structure is, therefore, fundamental.
This structure is directly related with the crosslinking density and polymer-polymer interactions.
The crosslinkers used in this study are same in their chemical structure but varied in their chain length.
Flory: Principles of polymer chemistry.

Introduction More and more essential oils are widely used in various fields, such as food, medicine and biology because of their special compositions to maintain the original structure of the food ,medicine and biology[1].Clove essential oil is mainly used in food industry because of its special aroma.What’s more,the main constitute is eugenol,which have inhibitory effects against food spoilage,food oxidation and inset attack[2].But it is easy to volatilize.In the interior of β-Cyclodextrin molecule are mainly carbon - hydrogen bond and ether bond which are hydrophobic,but the external is the hydroxy which is hydrophilic.The solubility of the clove essential oil can be improved coating the β-Cyclodextrin[3].Chitosan has been widely used in many fields as an edible film in recent years[4].It can be made into transparent films with porous structure ,because of its network structure by hydrogen bond formation.At the same time,chitosan has the inhibitory effect on bacteria and molds[5].
Food Chemistry, 2009, 116(4): 982-989

The abiltitiy of 3Y-TZP to transform from tetragonal crystalline structure to a more voluminous, monoclinic structure, which helps to prevent crack propagation, contributes to the strength an toughness of the ceramic.
Peng, Analysis of continuous stiffness data measured during nanoindentation of titanium films on glass substrate, Materials Chemistry and Physics.125 (2011) 500–504
Wineman, Determination of material properties using nanoindentation and multiple indenter tips, International Journal of Solids and Structures. 46 (2009) 364–376

Plasma chemistry heat treatment technology may improve markedly the wear resistance, scuffing resistance, fatiguing resistance and causticity resistance performances of the parts surface by changing the chemical composition and structure of the part surface material, and applied widely inside and outside[1-4].
The composition, structure of the ion nitrocarburized layer and the work conditions can affect its tribological performances, and the paper studied that the effect of temperature on tribological performances of ion nitrocarburized layer of 42MnCr52 steel under CD15W-40 oil lubricating.
It can be seen that ion nitrocarburized layer has loose and porous structure, and the nitrocarbonide grains pile layer upon layer on which exists some fine holes whose dimensions in micron nano scale.

At 0.1 mol/L, the surface of the film is a porous structure in the form of a loose sheet is presented.
As shown in (c), when the concentration of the reactant is 0.1 mol/L, the surface morphology of the sample is a pleated sheet structure, and the thickness of the film layer can be about 100 nm by the scale on the figure.
The reason why the pleated structure is present is because the salt concentration is lowered, the nucleation rate of the crystal is decreased, the crystal distribution is relatively uniform, and no agglomeration occurs, so that a film structure having a large specific surface area is obtained.
As shown in (d), when the concentration of the reactants is high (0.5mol/L), the surface morphology of the sample shows a porous honeycomb structure, which has a tendency to continue to grow.
At 0.1 mol/L, the surface of the film is a porous structure in the form of a loose sheet is presented.