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Online since: January 2010
Authors: Jian Feng Ban, Shao Rong Lu, Chen Xi Zhang
In thermotropic liquid crystal materials, liquid
crystal structure of the nuclear has great influence on liquid crystal properties, when the liquid crystal
with a biphenyl core structure, the isotropization temperature is higher, and have a good physical and
chemical properties [1,2,3]; End-group length of the flexible chain has a certain influence on the type
of liquid crystal phase, the short-chain shows nematic, and the long-chain shows smectic.
The molecular structure of the BLCPs is shown in Scheme1.
Molecular structure of BLCPs Experimental Materials 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl (AR) and 2,4-TDI (2,4-toluenediisocyanate)(AR)(Shanghai Chemical Reagents Company, China) were used as received without further purification.
Wang: Polymer Chemistry Vol.42 (2004), p.290
The molecular structure of the BLCPs is shown in Scheme1.
Molecular structure of BLCPs Experimental Materials 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl (AR) and 2,4-TDI (2,4-toluenediisocyanate)(AR)(Shanghai Chemical Reagents Company, China) were used as received without further purification.
Wang: Polymer Chemistry Vol.42 (2004), p.290
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Aliasghar Behnamghader, Saeed Hesaraki, R. Kazemzadeh
Stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA; Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2) has a hexagonal structure constructed from columns of Ca and O atoms which are parallel to the hexagonal axis with lattice constants of a=0.9418nm and c = 0.6884nm [3].
Chemical structure Chemical structures of synthesized powders were studied by FTIR spectroscopy (Fig. 2) the bands at 1092 and 1030 cm-1 are assigned to the components of antisymmetric P–O stretching mode.
Rajeswari: Trends Biomaterials Vol.19(2) (2006), p.81 [6] Prageeth Rodrigo Chirantha: Synthesis and characterization of strontium Fluorapatite, Departement of Chemistry College of Sciences, Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas Augest 2005
[7] A.Sarczyk, Z.Paszkiewicz, C.Paluszkiewicz: Journal of Molecular Structure (2005), p.744 [8] D.Liua, Q.Yanga, T.Troczynskia, W.Tseng: Biomaterials Vol.23 (2002), p.1679 [9] Elisa Boaninia, Paola Torricellib, Massimo Gazzanoc, Roberto Giardinob,d, Adriana Bigi :Biomaterials Vol.27 (2006), p.4428 [10] E.
Chemical structure Chemical structures of synthesized powders were studied by FTIR spectroscopy (Fig. 2) the bands at 1092 and 1030 cm-1 are assigned to the components of antisymmetric P–O stretching mode.
Rajeswari: Trends Biomaterials Vol.19(2) (2006), p.81 [6] Prageeth Rodrigo Chirantha: Synthesis and characterization of strontium Fluorapatite, Departement of Chemistry College of Sciences, Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas Augest 2005
[7] A.Sarczyk, Z.Paszkiewicz, C.Paluszkiewicz: Journal of Molecular Structure (2005), p.744 [8] D.Liua, Q.Yanga, T.Troczynskia, W.Tseng: Biomaterials Vol.23 (2002), p.1679 [9] Elisa Boaninia, Paola Torricellib, Massimo Gazzanoc, Roberto Giardinob,d, Adriana Bigi :Biomaterials Vol.27 (2006), p.4428 [10] E.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Qing Shan Li, Fang Wang, Hong Gong Wei, Zhen Zhen Li, Yan Xiao
Under the positive and negative electric field, the positive ion water is acidic, and the anion water is alkaline.
2.2 Micro magnetic quantum fluctuation method
The micro magnetic quantum fluctuation method[10] is used to check the water structure with time varying.
Whereas when it shows a negative number, the condensed state structure can’t be a medium to body biochemical reaction, which is extremely important to the protein synthesis process. 2.3 The anion releasing concentrations The DLY-6A232 ion tester is used to test the anion releasing concentration.
Structure and stability of thioureate anions with water, DFT calculations[J].
Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM,2008,8581
Journal of Solution Chemistry,1993,228:.
Whereas when it shows a negative number, the condensed state structure can’t be a medium to body biochemical reaction, which is extremely important to the protein synthesis process. 2.3 The anion releasing concentrations The DLY-6A232 ion tester is used to test the anion releasing concentration.
Structure and stability of thioureate anions with water, DFT calculations[J].
Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM,2008,8581
Journal of Solution Chemistry,1993,228:.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Ni Li, Rui Zhang
"[1-3] With the increase of density of worm-like micelles, worm-like micelles are highly entangled with each other, forming a three-dimensional network structure that having viscoelasticity.
Compared with worm-like micelles, polymer is a kind of material with long chain structure, worm-like micelles are formed by the surfactant molecules through self-assembly with viscoelastic structure.
There is a process of dissociation and recombination, the worm-like micelles system has dynamic and balanced network structure, so the worm-like micelles system has special rheological properties.
[5] Fu Chen , Yue Wu, Advances in Anionic Wormlike Micelles and Their Applications in Oil Industry, Oilfield Chemistry. 31,1(2014) 146-151
Compared with worm-like micelles, polymer is a kind of material with long chain structure, worm-like micelles are formed by the surfactant molecules through self-assembly with viscoelastic structure.
There is a process of dissociation and recombination, the worm-like micelles system has dynamic and balanced network structure, so the worm-like micelles system has special rheological properties.
[5] Fu Chen , Yue Wu, Advances in Anionic Wormlike Micelles and Their Applications in Oil Industry, Oilfield Chemistry. 31,1(2014) 146-151
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Ying Hui Bian, Shao Tang Xu, Le Chun Song, Dao Hong Xia
Therefore, understanding the complexity of the structures and the interactions of asphaltenes aggregates has great significance.
One method to improve our understanding of the molecular structure and liquid-phase association behavior relevant to asphaltenes is to synthesize pure compounds and then to examine their behavior in solution [6-8].
In order to investigate the interactions of aromatic rings, hydrogen bonding and polar interactions, the model compounds for petroleum fractions with high molecular weight, heteroatoms (mostly S, N, and O) and polyaromatic hydrocarbon are often designed to simulate the basic structure unit of the petroleum fractions.
Lown: The Chemistry of Alberta Oil Sands Bitumens and Heavy Oils, AERI, Calgary, AB, 2003
Mullins, Molecular size and structure of asphaltenes from various sources, Energy Fuels 3 (2000) 677-684
One method to improve our understanding of the molecular structure and liquid-phase association behavior relevant to asphaltenes is to synthesize pure compounds and then to examine their behavior in solution [6-8].
In order to investigate the interactions of aromatic rings, hydrogen bonding and polar interactions, the model compounds for petroleum fractions with high molecular weight, heteroatoms (mostly S, N, and O) and polyaromatic hydrocarbon are often designed to simulate the basic structure unit of the petroleum fractions.
Lown: The Chemistry of Alberta Oil Sands Bitumens and Heavy Oils, AERI, Calgary, AB, 2003
Mullins, Molecular size and structure of asphaltenes from various sources, Energy Fuels 3 (2000) 677-684
Online since: May 2022
Authors: Yeng Fong Shih, Ying Hsiao Chen, Nian Yi Wu
Preparation of Vanillin Derivatives Based on Schiff Base Reaction
Yeng-Fong Shih1,a, Nian-Yi Wu2,b*, Ying-Hsiao Chen3,c
1,2,3Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, No. 168, Jifeng E.
On the other hand, thermosetting materials have a permanent cross-linked structure and thus they cannot be reprocessed like thermoplastics.
Then, under the stimulation of heat, light, pressure or solvent [6], the covalent bond exchange occurs to rearrange the network without affecting the original structure of the polymer[1].
Results and Discussion Synthesis and structure identification of polyimine film.
Therefore, the FTIR results showed that a mixture of the vanillin-based BA has reacted with DA and TA to form the polyimine bonding structure.
On the other hand, thermosetting materials have a permanent cross-linked structure and thus they cannot be reprocessed like thermoplastics.
Then, under the stimulation of heat, light, pressure or solvent [6], the covalent bond exchange occurs to rearrange the network without affecting the original structure of the polymer[1].
Results and Discussion Synthesis and structure identification of polyimine film.
Therefore, the FTIR results showed that a mixture of the vanillin-based BA has reacted with DA and TA to form the polyimine bonding structure.
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Chinna Kannaiyan Senthil Kumaran, Natarajan Muthukumarasamy, Mariyappan Thambidurai, Ponnaian Peula Kumari, Rachel Oommen Rachel Oommen, Santhanam Agilan
The diffraction peak at 2θ (degrees) value of 43.63° is indexed as the (400) plane of Fe and corresponds to the body centered cubic structure of Fe with lattice constant a = 2.847Å, and this is in good agreement with those on the standard card (JCPDS card No. 89-0721).
All the diffraction peaks in the 2θ range measured corresponds to the cubic structure of Fe2 O3 with lattice constant a = 8.342Å, and this is in good agreement with those on the standard card (JCPDS card No. 89-5892).
X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that Fe and Fe2 O3 nanoparticles exhibit body centered cubic structure and cubic structure respectively.
Chikate, “A simple chemical route for the synthesis of g-Fe2O3 nano-particles dispersed in organic solvents via an iron–hydroxy oleate precursor” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 14 (2008) 38–44
All the diffraction peaks in the 2θ range measured corresponds to the cubic structure of Fe2 O3 with lattice constant a = 8.342Å, and this is in good agreement with those on the standard card (JCPDS card No. 89-5892).
X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that Fe and Fe2 O3 nanoparticles exhibit body centered cubic structure and cubic structure respectively.
Chikate, “A simple chemical route for the synthesis of g-Fe2O3 nano-particles dispersed in organic solvents via an iron–hydroxy oleate precursor” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 14 (2008) 38–44
Online since: June 2013
Authors: An Tao Xu, Fu Jin, Bing Luo, Fan Zhang, Tian Ru Zhang
Kohonen Neural Network
The Kohonen neural network is a competitive network based on irregular supervision and self-learning, which can map the input mode with any dimension into 2D dispersed graph in the output layer and maintain its original topology structure.
In the network structure, there are 57 nodes in the input layer, and 5 nodes in the output layer, which correspond to the five conditions of vehicle equipment coating, namely, complete coating, worn coating (including mild failure, moderate failure and severe failure) and seriously worn coating.
After completing the training, the input variables are organized into structure block according to their internal relativity, consequently, a certain spatial structure is formed.
Sankara Narayanan, Materials chemistry and physics. 99(15) (2006), p. 117
In the network structure, there are 57 nodes in the input layer, and 5 nodes in the output layer, which correspond to the five conditions of vehicle equipment coating, namely, complete coating, worn coating (including mild failure, moderate failure and severe failure) and seriously worn coating.
After completing the training, the input variables are organized into structure block according to their internal relativity, consequently, a certain spatial structure is formed.
Sankara Narayanan, Materials chemistry and physics. 99(15) (2006), p. 117
Online since: October 2008
Authors: Stef Manea, D. Iordachescu, D. Ionita, Ioana Demetrescu
Manea
4d
1,3
University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Polizu
no 1-7, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
2
University of Bucharest, Biology Faculty, Romania
3
University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, Bioengineering Department, Polizu no 1-7, 011061,
Bucharest, Romania
a
email: i_demetrescu@chim.pub.ro, bemail: diordari@yahoo.com, cemail: md_ionita@yahoo.com,
d
email: stefmanea@yahoo.com
Keywords: SEM analysis, hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance, cell culture, temporary teeth.
In this study the effects of pollution in structures of temporary teeth were investigated performing citotoxicity test using culture of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF).
Studies on HGF (cell proliferation and cytotoxicity) cultured on dental structures Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1, CRL-2014, American Type Culture Collection) were seeded at an initial density of 1x104 cells cm-2 in a Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin, in an humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2.
As can be seen in fig.1, in dentine the structure with parallel channels was put in evidence.
It is to point out that in the case of degraded teeth due to environmental condition the channel structure is affected.
In this study the effects of pollution in structures of temporary teeth were investigated performing citotoxicity test using culture of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF).
Studies on HGF (cell proliferation and cytotoxicity) cultured on dental structures Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1, CRL-2014, American Type Culture Collection) were seeded at an initial density of 1x104 cells cm-2 in a Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin, in an humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2.
As can be seen in fig.1, in dentine the structure with parallel channels was put in evidence.
It is to point out that in the case of degraded teeth due to environmental condition the channel structure is affected.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: I.A. Tkachenko, V.P. Morozova, I.V. Lukiyanchuk, Vladimir S. Rudnev, M.V. Adigamova
Tkachenko1, e
1Institute of Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Pr. 100-letya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
2Far-Eastern Federal University, 8 Sukhanova St., Vladivostok 690950, Russia
arudnevvs@ich.dvo.ru, blukiyanchuk@ich.dvo.ru, camv-85@mail.ru,
dmorozova@ich.dvo.ru, etkachenko@ich.dvo.ru
* corresponding author
Keywords: plasma electrolytic oxidation, crystallite composition, ferromagnetic properties, titanium, aluminum
Abstract.
As can be seen from the elemental composition of the surface structures (Fig. 1, Table 1), iron is concentrated in the pores in form of nanocrystaillites of ~50 nm in size.
Elemental composition of the coating and surface structures (1-4 in Fig. 1) as to XSA and EDA, respectively Coating site C [at. %] O C Na P Ti Fe W 55.4 24.7 3.2 5.1 4.5 6.5 0.7 1 57.7 27.6 5.5 3.2 1.3 4.4 0.4 2 5.3 - - - 10.1 76.9 7.6 3 7.0 - - - 12.6 73.9 6.5 4 6.6 - - 0.9 8.2 76.8 7.5 The most of ferro- and ferrimagnetic coatings on aluminum contain the crystallites in the pores too (Fig. 2).
In should be noted that such structures are characterized by a rather high content of aluminum in the crystallites, which is comparable with the content of iron in them.
Chu, Structure and microwave-absorbing properties of Fe-particle containing alumina prepared by micro-arc discharge oxidation, Surf.
As can be seen from the elemental composition of the surface structures (Fig. 1, Table 1), iron is concentrated in the pores in form of nanocrystaillites of ~50 nm in size.
Elemental composition of the coating and surface structures (1-4 in Fig. 1) as to XSA and EDA, respectively Coating site C [at. %] O C Na P Ti Fe W 55.4 24.7 3.2 5.1 4.5 6.5 0.7 1 57.7 27.6 5.5 3.2 1.3 4.4 0.4 2 5.3 - - - 10.1 76.9 7.6 3 7.0 - - - 12.6 73.9 6.5 4 6.6 - - 0.9 8.2 76.8 7.5 The most of ferro- and ferrimagnetic coatings on aluminum contain the crystallites in the pores too (Fig. 2).
In should be noted that such structures are characterized by a rather high content of aluminum in the crystallites, which is comparable with the content of iron in them.
Chu, Structure and microwave-absorbing properties of Fe-particle containing alumina prepared by micro-arc discharge oxidation, Surf.