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In this work CFD simulation has revealed the difference of injection angles ranging from 35°,45°,55°,65° and 90° with different blowing, where the low blowing ratios are represented by M = 0.5, and the high blowing ratios by M = 1.0 and 1.5.
Alameldin, et al. [15], performed a CFD Analysis to study the increase in total losses of a transonic turbine blade subjected to film cooling.
Simulation has revealed the difference of injection angles ranging from 35°,45°,55°,65° and 90° with different blowing, where the low blowing ratios are represented by M = 0.5, and the high blowing ratios by M = 1.0 and 1.5.
Concerning CFX, a fully second-order accurate finite volume solver was used for all simulations.
In the present paper, a CFD-based parametric study on the performance of film cooling is carried out by modifying the injection angles of holes.

The simulation results show that the swirl intensity in cylinder can be tuned by this device.
Fig. 2 Computational grid CFD calculations of variable swirl Geometry and Grid Generation.
This simulation model in the present study includes intake manifolds, intake ports, intake valves and cylinder.
The grid generation is done by importing the geometry into AVL-FIRE commercial CFD code.
The results indicate that the CFD model can be used as a tool to understand the effect of various parts of air intake system for optimization.

Methodology CFD Methodology.
The Large Inflation Refined case was used for the simulation.
CFD (i) and Experimental PIV (ii) results are shown side by side.
Comparisons between CFD and PIV results.
The positions of TEVs are well matched by the CFD results.

It compares testing methods and recommends CFD simulations for optimization and future real-world testing.
Wenlong Tian [11] explored VAWT configurations for energy harvesting from vehicle wakes using CFD simulations, highlighting the Banki design's power generation potential.
Baowei Song [13] explored Myring equation-based shapes for Savonius turbines, noting a 10.98% peak power coefficient increase with a blade fullness factor of n=1 in CFD simulations.
Through simulation, the CP and CT values closely aligned with experimental data post-model refinement, affirming the reliability of the developed simulation model.
CFD Letters, vol. 13, no. 3, Mar. 2021

The fractional results were validated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.
As shown in Fig. 6 (a), the velocities obtained from the CFD simulation are three times lower compared to the experimental velocities depicted in Fig. 6 (b).
However, the use of 2D model in the simulation could not accurately predict the velocity profiles.
Fig. 5 Flow behaviors in a partially filled test section (CFD simulation) Fig. 6 Flow behaviors in a partially filled test section (CFD simulation) Conclusion The proposed fractional estimation method as an alternative to the Forchheimer equation to determine permeability is suitable for 3D printed foam with a height of 60 mm or larger, and pore sizes up to six times larger than 5 PPI foam.
Bracconi et al., “Investigation of pressure drop in 3D replicated open-cell foams: Coupling CFD with experimental data on additively manufactured foams,” Chem.

The pit membrane worked as porous, the water flow through pit is modeled using CFD（Computational fluid dynamics）approach of low k- ε turbulence.
Viscosity resistance and inter resistance C2 are two important parameters of porous medium for simulation precision, which can be compute by classical Ergun formula
Simulation and Discussion A. simulation of water flow in pit To achieve the pit membrane deflection y, the model was simulated on the assumption that there is no pit membrane deflection in boundary conditions using Fluent6 software.
The curves of simulation pressure drop about z=0 surface along the axis is presented in the figure 3 (right).
“Predictions of a Turbulent Separated Flow Using Commercial CFD Codes,” Transactions of the ASME, Vol.123, 2001, pp.819-827 [8] Maciej Andrzej Zwieniecki and Noel Michele Holbrook.

Model and Numerical Simulation The Atomization Conditions of the Droplet.
Using CFD method to simulation the flow field derived from the process that component A and component B mix by impinging each other in the spraying gun under different pressure for the inlet hole .A two dimension model is built by using Gambit software, mixer model and the grid division are shown in the Fig.2.
Summary Using CFD to simulate the flow field of impinging jet mixer in polyurea spraying gun,discussing the process of the spraying and jointing of the mixer after studying the profile of velocity and pressure.
(Nature Science Edition). 2006, 34 (9): 72-74 [4] Qu Yixin, Che Yaokun: Simulation of veloeity distributing for imPinging stream[J].
Computers and Applied Chemistry, 2003,20(4):423-426 [5] Li Weifeng, Sun Zhigang, Liu Haifeng: Numerical simulation and experimental study on flow field of two closely spaced opposed jets[J].

The model used for the CFD analyses The heat accumulator considered in this paper consists of a metal box with thermal insulation.
Fig. 1 The CAD model of the heat accumulator used in the CFD analyses Fig. 2 The mesh used for the CFD analyses The CFD analyses used three mathematical models to obtain the melting of the wax, the heat transfer inside the wax, through the copper wall of the water pipe and inside the flowing water and the turbulence inside the fluids.
The obtained results for the model of the heat accumulator The results of the CFD analyses are showed in a plane which passes through the middle of the water pipe.
At the end of the simulation the maximum temperature of the wax had a value of 90ºC.
At the end of the CFD analyses the temperature value of the water exiting the heat accumulator is 55ºC.

Numerical Simulation of Catalytic Combustion Based on Different Catalyst Structures Peiwen Wang1,2,a ,Yang Du1,b, Weidong Shen2,c , Jianjun Liang1,d, Jiafeng Xu1,2,e 1Department of Military Oil Supply engineering, Logistical Engineering University, Chongqing, China 2Key Laboratory of Special Power Supply of PLA, Chongqing Communication Institute, China a13594199055@139.com,bduyang58@163.com, c13908341643@139.com,dcomet613@163.com,e13062308087@139.com Keywords: catalytic combustion, catalyst structure, CFD, simulation Abstract.
The catalytic combustion of methane over a single pellet catalyst of different structures was modeled by two-dimensional numerical simulations.
The gaverning equations (continuity, momentums, energy,species mass conservation equation) are solved using the commercial CFD code FLUENT.
Parts of simulation results was shown in Fig.4 .
Results of the simulation investigations of combustion in a single pellet catalyst are presented.

The numerical solution is achieved with finite volume method and the rotordynamic coefficients are evaluated from several simulations with different rotor precessions.
Two typical methods used for the prediction of stiffness and damping coefficients are the 3D CFD based method (see e.g. [9], [8], [4]) and the bulk-flow model (see e.g. [10], [3]).
The simulations presented in this paper were obtained by in-house finite volume code developed specifically for the analysis of seal flows.
One can see large difference in radial component of the force between 3D CFD results and the simplified bulk-flow code.
Rotordynamics of turbine labyrinth seals: a comparison of CFD models to experiments.