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INFLUENCE OF UNGROUND PALM OIL FUEL ASH (UPOFA) IN COMPRESSED EARTH BRICK (CEB) PROPERTIES Fetra Venny Riza1, Ismail Abdul Rahman1, Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad Zaidi2 1 Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) 2 Faculty of Engineering, National Defense Universiti of Malaysia (UPNM) fetravenny@gmail.com; ismailar@uthm.edu.my; mujahid@upnm.edu.my Keyword: CEB, POFA, pozzolan, unground, compressive strength Abstract.
Kiattikomol, Utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash in High Strength Concrete Journals of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, 2004. 16: p. 623-628
POFA: A Potential Partial Replacement Material in Aerated Concrete. in Asia-Pacific Structural ENgineering and Construction Conference (APSEC). 2006.

An Analysis of Pro-Environmental Attributes Towards Adolescents in Penang using Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour Nur Khairiyah Basri1,a, Nur Sabahiah Abdul Sukor2,b*, Sitti Asmah binti Hassan3,c 1,2School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 3Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia akyahbasri@gmail.com, bcesabahiah@usm.my, csasmah@utm.my Keywords: sustainable transportation, pro-environmental, theory of planned behaviour Abstract.
Krishna Rao, Analysis of Household Activity and Travel Behaviour: A Case of Mumbai Metropolitan Region, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 3 (2013), 98-109

Compressive Strengthening of Damaged Historic Masonry Walls Repaired with GFRP JING Meng 1,a, RAONGJANT Werasak1,b and KERDMONGKON Ratchaneewan1,c 1 School of Civil Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand a jingmeng72@hotmail.com , b werasaky@yahoo.com , c rnk_july@hotmail.com Abstract The purpose of this research is to determine the mechanical properties of damaged historic masonry walls retrofitted with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) under axial load through experimental method.
National on Earthquake Engineering , San Francisco, California, USA, April 18-22, 2006
Bull Earthquake Engineering, 2009, 7: 293-321
Master thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Kasetsart University, Thailand

Researches on the Relationship between Characteristic Parameters of Surrounding Rock and Structural Parameters of Bolting-grounting Support Body based on the Ideal Elastic-plastic Support Model Fusheng liu1, a, lianguo Wang2,b , Lei Sun1,c Ganggang Dong1,d 1 College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China, 271018 2 College of Science, China University of Mining and Technology, China, 221008 aliufsh@sdau.edu.cn, blgwang@cumt.edu.cn, ctumusunlei@126.com, ddglvlp@126.com Keywords: soft rocks, bolting-grouting support, nested Mechanical model Abstract.
At the same time, it could also provide beneficial reference to the practical engineering design and construction.
At the same time, it can provide beneficial reference to the practical engineering design and construction.
Hudson．Mining Engineering,Vol. 2 (1991), p. 25 [2] Manchao He, Zhengsheng Zou, Youfeng Zou.
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.

Seismic Behaviour Experimental Study of the D-Type Energy Dissipating Eccentrically Brace Xiuzhen Pan 1,a, Jiping Hao2,b, Jie Gao 3,c 1Xi’ an University of Technology, Institute of Water Resources and Hydraulic Power, China 2Xi’ an University of Architecture & Technology, School of Civil Engineering, China 3China United Northwest Institute for Engineering Design & Research, China a13571828178@163.com, b haojiping@xauat.edu.cn, cggjie2003@163.com Keywords: The D-type eccentrically-braced steel frame, Link beams, endergonic device.
[2] Okazaki T, Michael D E: Journal of Constructional Steel Research Vol. 63 (2007), P.751 [3] Qian Jiaru, Chen Maosheng and Zhang Tianshen: Building Structure Vol. 4 (1993), P.3 (in Chinese) [4] Zhao Baocheng, Gu Qiang: China civil engineering journal Vol. 38 (2005), P.27 (in Chinese) [5] Code for seismic design of building. edtied by People's Republic of China Ministry of Construction/China Architecture Industry, Beijing (2001), in pess.
(in Chinese) [6] Hao Jiping, Pan Xiuzhen, Xie Zhenqing: One type of eccentrically braced frames: China, Patent ZL200610043128.1. (2008) [7] Jiping Hao, Xiuzhen Pan: The adding cover-plate protocol used for the shear links-column joints of eccentrically braced frames: China, Patent ZL200720032148.9. (2008) [8] Shen Lin, Cai Yiyan, Yu Yinquan: Building Structure, Vol. 2 (2002), P.13 (in Chinese) [9] Wu Shuguang, Chang Yejun: Earthquake resistant engineering and retrofitting Vol. 27(2005), P.37(in Chinese) [10] Specification of Testing Methods for Earthquake Resistant Building. edtied by People's Republic of China Ministry of Construction/China Architecture Industry, Beijing (1997), in pess.

Numerical Simulation on PPFRC with Different Contents ZHANG Ya-fang1, a *, LIU Hao 1, b, Chen Jiang-ping1, c and Yang Yi1, d 1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China azhangyafang2004@163.com, bliu.hao.hk@gmail.com, c cjp81@126.com, d yangyixiaosi@163.com Keywords：Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete (PPFRC); Mixing Amount, Fracture Process; Toughness; Acoustic Emission (AE) Abstract Polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete (PPFRC) is such a composite material that can enhance and improve the mechanical property of the concrete with small mixing amount of polypropylene fiber.
Introduction Polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete (PPFRC) is a kind of composite material mixed with a small amount of chopped polypropylene fibers, to enhance or improve the mechanical properties of concrete, such like crack resistance, impermeability, impact resistance and earthquake resistance etc., which has been incrementally applied in the road, bridge, airport, subway, industrial and civil building and water engineering [1,2], with the advantages of its high strength, low specific gravity, non-absorbent, neutral, affinity for concrete and good economical effect.
Although the mixing amount of polypropylene fiber can influence the physical and mechanical properties of PPFRC directly [3-5], its engineering application is still in an exploration stage [6] and there is not a particular theory can well describe the amount of fibers.
-Mater.Sci.Ed, Vol.17 (2002), p. 54 (in Chinese) [9] M.M.Wang, Z.Y.Li, H.S.Zuo, W.Q.Li and X.W.Ma: Project Application and Research on Performance of Polypropylene Fiber Concrete, Construction Technology, Vol.36 (2007), p. 91 (in Chinese) [10] C.A.Tang: Numerical tests of progressive failure in brittle materials, Mechanics and engineering, Vol.21 (1999), p. 21 (in Chnese) [11] Y.F.Zhang: Meso-mechanics research on the failure process of brittle composite material, Liaoning Shenyang, (2006) (in Chinese) [12] X.H.Zhang and N.F.Lu : Mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber concrete and application in structure with specially shaped column, Concrete, Vol.4 (2010), p. 79 (in Chinese) [13] Y.W.Zhou: The application of polypropylene fiber concrete, Sci-Tech Information Development & Economy, Vol.17 (2007), p. 167 (in Chinese) [14] J.Jiang and Y.L.Qian: Treating on the Mechanism of Resistant Crack of Polypropylene fiber concrete, Jilin Water Resources, Vol.3 (2004), p. 20 (in Chinese)

Discussion on Design and Construction of Soil and Foundation in Coastal Saline Soil Area Fuju Gao Dept. of Civil Eng., Petroleum University of China, Qingdao 266555, Shandong, China gaofuju@upc.edu.cn Keywords: coastal saline soil, mechanical properties, foundation and basis, design and construction, artificial planting Abstract.
The Forming, Physical and Engineering Properties of Saline Soil in Dongying The Forming of Saline Soil in Dongying Dongying is located at the Yellow River Delta.
The Design on the Basis and Foundation of Saline Soil The engineering property of saline soil is defined synthetically by salt, water, soil, earth, topography, climate and human behavior, etc.
Fig.8 shows the relations p0-c, between critical plastic load and salinity, of chloride and sulfate saline soil.[2] Bearing Capacity of Saline Soil There is no a uniform calculation formula and statistical tables for saline soil, for the complexity that the engineering properties vary from salt kinds, salinity and zone.
Generally, the difference between indoors and outdoors should be not less than 1.0m for public buildings, and 0.8m for civil dwelling houses.[4, 5, 6] Seepage Proof in Zone of Vegetation The vegetation covering percentage is very little, easily destroyed and hardly retrieve.

Transfer Mechanism and Experimental Study of Tower of Liede Bridge Wei Feng Wang 1,a, Xi Long Chen2,b, Sai Ying Shi1,c, Heng Bin Zheng1,d 1School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou,Guang Dong ,China, 510640 2Guangdong Provincial Highway Construction Co.
Wu: Tower Lifting Construction Analysis of A New Type Self-anchored Suspension Bridge[J]Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science&Engineering) 2009 (L) 2 L-24.
Liu: Integral model test of steel truss bridge stiffened with rigid cables in construction stage[J]China Civil Engineering Journal 2010 (2) 72-78.
(In Chinese) [11] H.L.Wang and S.F.Qin: Experiment Research on Self-anchored Cable-stayed Suspension Bridge Model[J]Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science & Engineering) 2010 (1) 57-59.

Calculation of crack width of steel-concrete composite beams prestressed with internal tendon Jiang Shuan1,a, Bai Lili2,b and Xue Weichen3,c 1School of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China 3xuewc@tongji.edu.cn Keywords: Steel―concrete composite beam; Internal tendon; Crack width; Uneven coefficient of reinforcement strain; Average spacing of cracks.
In terms of the test results and analysis, formulae were proposed for estimating cracks space and maximum crack width, which had been applied to the design practice of engineering.
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1989, 115(9): 2348-2363
Shang Hai; School of civil Engineering of Tongji University, 2009.

Dynamic Characteristic and Aseismatic Analysis of Tall Structures with Outriggers Chen Yu 1,a and Pusheng Shen1, b 1 College of Civil Engineering，Hunan University，Changsha 410082，China a a_gui1982@yahoo.com.cn, bpssheng1@163.com Keywords: aseismatic analysis, dynamic characteristic, finite element analysis, outrigger Abstract：：：：Based on the finite element software ETABS, the effect of outriggers on the seismic response of a 50-story steel frame-reinforced concrete core tube structure was analyzed in this paper.
Engineering situation Plane and cross section of a steel frame-core tube structure with 50-story and 175m height are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
China Civil Engineering Journal, 39(5)( 2006), pp. 65-71
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE,129(5)(2003), pp. 640-647