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Wang [1], discovered its properties during research at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory in 1962.
Nitinol alloys exhibit two closely related and unique properties: shape memory and superelasticity (also called pseudoelasticity).
As a biomedical material, Nitinol has to meet several requirements: high corrosion resistance in chloride-rich medium and biocompatibility combined with suitable mechanical properties.
Between the wall of the artery and the stenograph was assumed friction factor of 0.25.
Wiley, "Effects of low-temperature phase changes on the mechanical properties of alloys near composition TiNi," Journal of Applied Physics 34 (1963)

Previous studies demonstrated that the critical factors influencing failure of TBCs were the thermally grown oxide (TGO) at the interface between the bond coating and the ceramic coating, the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients between the ceramic and the metal, and thermal stress generated by the temperature gradients in the TBC [3,4].
In addition, laser remelting treatment of plasma-sprayed TBCs is currently recognized as a promising means for enhancing the properties in a more punishing environment [9,10].
(a) overview; (b) interfacial region; (c) remelted region; (d) heat-affect region.
The main factors caused coating damage first is thermal stress generated within the TBC during thermal shock, then thermally grown oxide (TGO) generated at the interface between the top ceramic layer and the bond layer, phase transformation stress at last [3,4].
However, the coating consisted of a remelted layer, heat-affect layer and remained plasma-sprayed layer after laser remelting.

The contributing factors include long spans, slender and flexible designs, use of lightweight materials and low damping.
Response factors for the worst one second of weighted acceleration for a single day.
Figure 6 shows response factors for the worst one second of weighted acceleration (Eq. ) extracted from 30 minute long intervals on Monday, May 3rd, 2011.
The response factors reach the maximum values of up to nearly 40.
Quantitatively, response factors reaching up to nearly 40 were calculated, indicating a lively floor.

The particle size of the alumina may influence the mechanical properties by decreasing agglomeration [24].
Several factors affect the translucency of dental ceramics.
Fracture toughness is the resistance to brittle fracture when a crack is generated by different factors.
The effect of different powder particle size on mechanical properties of sintered alumina, resin- and glass-infused alumina. 
Mechanical properties and short-term in-vivo evaluation of yttrium-oxide-partially-stabilized zirconia. 

The size of the particles is very important because at the length scale of the nanometer, the properties of the material actually become affected [1].
A nano-composite is produced by adding nanoparticles to a bulk material in order to improve the bulk material’s properties [1].
The development of new experimental techniques makes it possible to study the properties of cementitious materials at nano scale [4].
A study of concrete at the nanoscale shows that particle packing in concrete can be improved by using nano-silica which leads to a densifying of the micro and nanostructure resulting in improved mechanical properties.
TiO2 (Titanium dioxide) which is a nanoparticle can also add to concrete to improve its properties.

Materials and Methods Cylindrical concrete specimens 150mm in diameter and 300mm in height were cast, in the middle of each specimens was embedded a steel bar (D=14mm and L=300mm). aggregates were used to cast, which were washed totally and determined mechanical characteristics.
While other factors were held constantly, chloride concentration decreased to 30 – 45% while increasing concentration of electrolyte; additionally, when the current density was increased, chloride concentration decreased to 45 – 60%.
However, this study showed that when the thinness of concrete was held constantly and increasing dense concrete or reducing water/cement ratio, that also affects chloride concentration extraction.
Rehabilitation efficiency of ECE treatment is affected by many factors, especially the current density and quality of the concrete layer.
Wang, "Change of electrochemical property of reinforced concrete after electrochemical chloride extraction," Journal of Wuhan University of Technology - Materials Science, vol. 22, pp. 764-769. [6] U.

The results revealed that the structure of the Ti-O films affect their adhesion dramatically.
Introduction Vascular stent has been an effective therapy for coronary artery disease [1-6]. 316L stainless steel is one of the popular materials used to make stent due to its excellent mechanical property.
One factor resulting in restenosis is that the surface of naked stainless steel induced thrombosis [6].
Therefore, the film must have reliable mechanical properties besides good blood compatibility.
stent possesses good adhesion and mechanical property.

In order to bridge this gap, the current paper provides some analytical laws that, owing to the required shear demand, allow to give back the hysteretic cycle as a function of the most influencing geometrical properties, according to the panel typology.
The considered models allowed to highlight how the real stress distribution was affected by the hole arrangement and to justify the detrimental phenomena due to the trigger of some undesired parasitic instabilities previously recalled.
Influential Geometrical Parameters The parametric experimental and numerical studies carried out on the two panel typologies put in evidence that, established the fundamental mechanical features, their hysteretic performance can be expressed as a function of specific geometrical properties of the panels.
a) b) Fig. 7: a) The hysteretic model based on the proposed formulation; (b) Influence of pinching effects on the hysteretic models Apart from the performance parameters τpinc/τmax and τy/τmax that can be obtained by the graph and the formulations provided previously, the given expression depends on two further factors n0 and n1 that have been introduced for calibrating the panels performance on the basis of the real experimental (and numerical) response of the panels.
These factors depends on the ratio b/t and D/s for the multi-stiffened and the perforated typologies, respectively, as it is shown in Figures 8.

So, it has no stress concentration caused by machining micro mark during load bearing.Then the influence of nature, size, position,and distribution of defect on fatigue life was further analysed. 2 Experiment 2.1 Sampling Of Test Specimen Chemical composition and mechanical properties of E36 are showed in Table 1~2[4].
The specific dimension and sampling location of ultrasonic fatigue specimen are shown in Fig. 2.The specimens were machined and finally fine ground Table 1 Chemical composition of E36 steel（GB 712-2000） C Si Mn P S Cr Nb Ti Ni 0.18 0.10~.0.50 0.90~.1.6 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.015~0.05 0.02 0.40 Table 2 Mechanical properties of E36 steel（GB 712-2000） tensile strength Rm[MPa] yield strength Re[MPa] impact energy absorption Ak[J(-40℃)] Elongation Rate% A% 490~620 355 34 21 Fig. 1 Macrograph of welding jont Fig. 2 The specific dimension and sampling location of ultrasonic fatigue specimen 2.2 Test Process All the fatigue tests were carried out under the same constant amplitude load, Fatigue tests were conducted on ultrasonic fatigue tester (Fig. 3) with frequency of 20 kHz and stress ratio of R= -1, at room temperature.
The degree of different defects affecting fatigue life is largely different [5].
Nf [cycle] location of fracture crack initiation type of defect shape Size[μm] A [μm2] distance to surface [μm] 1 9.40E+08 weld joint pore solid type oval 2a=205.2b=126 20276.55 200 2 3.55E+06 weld joint pore solid type roundness Ø=400 125600 725 3 3.55E+07 weld joint pore solid type roundness Ø=110 9498.5 1000 4 1.38E+06 weld joint slag solid type oval 2a=615.2b=125 60346.87 0 5 1.87E+06 weld joint slag solid type oval 2a=341.2b=150 40173 171 6 4.73E+05 weld joint slag solid type rectangle L=1120,B=280 313600 0 7 2.76E+05 fusion line poor fusion face type rectangle L=37300,B=353 1316690 0 8 1.58E+05 weld joint surface crack face type 9 2.96E+05 weld joint surface crack face type 10 1.06E+09 no fracture 11 1.56E+09 no fracture 12 1.21E+09 no fracture 13 1.77E+09 no fracture Fig. 6 Stress nephograms around three kinds of pores (Ø -Diameter of pore; d- Least distance between pore and outside surface; Kt- Factor of stress concentration) 4 Conclusions 1 Specimens were sampled
Beijng: Standards Press of China,(1996 ) [5] Wu Liangchen, Fatigue properties of welded joints under ultrasound frequency component double loop load.

An analysis of the effects of particle size on surface segregation in Au-Ti alloy nanoparticles, with the alloy compositions Au90Ti10, Au50Ti50, is presented. 2.0 Thermodynamic Modeling of Nanoparticles The structure and the phase stability of nanostructure are constrained by the thermodynamics properties.
(6) The size of particles affects the compositional surface segregations due to the change in surface tensions caused by the variations in the number of broken bonds.
However, if the particle size exceeds 100 nm, the size effect is not pronounced to affect the surface segregation significantly. 4.0 Summary A thermodynamic model with the size effect incorporated was used to investigate the size-dependent surface segregation behavior of Au-Ti nanoparticles.
The size dependence of surface segregation and eventual phase separation may result in size-dependent properties of nanostructured materials.
Greer: in "Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of Materials having Ultra- FineMicrostructures" Edited by M Nastasia, H Gleiter, NATO ASIA Series, Series E: Applied Sciences Vol.233 (1993), p.53 [7] R.Vallee, M.