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Introduction The major failure modes of metal material such as fatigue, corrosion and abrasion began at the surface of metal material, so the structure and properties of the metal material surface directly affect the comprehensive performance of materials.
The shock wave generated modifies the surface microstructure, surface morphology and properties of metallic targets such as hardness, fatigue and corrosion resistance.
The increased compressive residual stress depth produced by laser peening can significantly improve properties and control the development and growth of surface cracks.
Research Status of Laser Shock Processing Research Status of Laser Shock Processing Abroad.For the first time the microstructure of aluminum alloy 7075 was modified to improve its mechanical properties with high power laser pulse of shock wave at Battelle Columbus Laboratories in 1972.
Moreover, laser shock processing has been shown to harden the surface and improve the mechanical properties of some structural metal components.

The efficiency of the slurry during CMP process was known to be decided by the type and properties of abrasive, pH, and the stability of slurry, etc [8].
The diluent covers the surface of precursor during mechanical milling and therefore also improves the pulverizing efficiency by blocking the mechanical contact between precursors.
From Fig.5, it can be concluded that the finer abrasive causes the higher removal rate of SiO2 and it means the contacting area between abrasive and oxide film is more important factor for the removal of SiO2.
On the other hand, the indentation effect by coarser particle should more seriously affect the Fig. 3.
Iler: The Chemistry of Silica; Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface properties, and Biochemistry (John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York 1979)

Composites have a wide range of applications in robotics, aerospace, aviation, and automotives as they have desirable properties such as high strength to weight ratio, good mechanical and electrical properties, and durability.
Matrices resist the environment attacks to the composites and have a major influence on many mechanical properties of a composite[11, 21, 22].
One of the important factors to calculate strength of a composite is to measure the relative volume and weight ratios of the composite.
The properties of the composites are affected by the voids present in them and knowledge of void content in a particular composite is essential to determine its overall properties[35].
Chawla, Mechanical properties of epoxy resin–fly ash composite, J.

The relationship among each affecting factor is shown in table 1: Table 1 The influence factors of Gd,Gd/Gdmax Factors G G/Gmax Study object Researcher Kc increase increase sand Sun Jing σ3 increase increase Clay,fine sand and silt Zhu Long-Gen H reduce the little —— soft clay Gu Chuan e reduce —— sand  Wang Bing-Hui τoct increase —— soft clay  Wang Bing-Hui λ increase —— silt Zhang Jun Dr increase reduce less sand Yuan Xiao-Ming T increase increase less sand Seed Ip increase or remain stable increase sand Chen Guo-Xing N first increase and then decrease reduce sand Bo Li-Dong f reduce —— Berlin sand Bo Li-Dong S reduce —— silty clay Zhang Pei-Sen Maximum damping ratio: For the constitutive model of damping ratio, a lot of people put forward own views.
Conclusions: Currently, there are many studies on dynamic shear modulus, and many factors have been researched several times.
But it’s not perfect，some results are qualitative, some factors are unclearing and some results have contradictions.
Moduli and Damping Factors of Soft Marine Clays.
Dynamic properties of piedmont residual soils [J].

Introduction Pareto chart was named as first used by Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto in the statistical work of the community property distribution [1].
For each category of data items, the existing Pareto think its weight is the same, so its occupancy and the cumulative occupancy can be directly calculated with Eq.(1) and Eq. (2), however, it must be noted that in many cases identifying "critical" and "non-critical" factors only on frequence and occupancy of defects / problems is unreasonable.
Specific ideas are as follows: (1) Analysis the nonconformity situation of each product, and collect nonconforming degree (quality nonconforming membership) () on each factor of products; (2) Determine the threshold ().
The team found main defects affecting the quality of the welding surface, which are undercut(), overlap(), pits(), incomplete fusion(), incomplete penetration(), slag(), porosity() and crack().Therefore, in order to ensure the welding quality, the lean six sigma team needs to consider how to determine the main defective items that affect the surface welding quality.
As for defects , , , , , the nonconforming membership can be calculated directly by property assessment according to the fuzzy quality standards by the Eq. (3).

The maximum radial concave deformation is 72.0mm about the three-canvas, the distance is 147mm between the feedback source and three-canvas, and there is 75mm gap, so the three-canvas can’t contact with the feedback source, and it also can’t affect electrical property, the system is safe.
The maximum stress is 128Mpa in the forward, the safety factor is 220/128=1.72, so there is no breaking.
The force of the canvas overlay is: (5) (C——wind factor q——wind pressure S——windward area) So similarly received that the force of unit length around the canvas overlay is 1417N, the safe factor is 34.1, the canvas overlay is safe absolutely in using.
The analysis showed that the minimum factor of safety of the antenna is 5.1 in which the working wind-speed is 110km/h ensure accuracy, the reflector surface accuracy is 0.5147mm, the clearance between feedback source and canvas overlap is 75mm, and they can’t compact the electrical properties, so the system is safe.
The test showed that the antenna structure is no apparent deformation or damage in the ensure accuracy, the minimum reflector surface accuracy is 0.474mm, there is 68mm safe distance between feedback source and canvas overlap, and they can’t compact the electrical properties, so the system is safe.

Table 5 represents the properties of uni-directional composite of continuous S-Glass Fiber/Epoxy plies with 60% Fiber Volume Ratio [1] and Table 6 shows Tsai-Wu failure criterion parameter used for selection of safe design.
Table 5 Material input parameter Material Properties ρ [g/cm 3] E1 [GPa] E2 [GPa] G12 [GPa] G23 [GPa] ν12 Value 2.1 55 16 7.6 5 0.28 Following properties for the above selected material were used for the Tsai-Wu failure criterion.
Table 6 Properties for Tsai-Wu failure criterion Material Properties ��1�� [MPa] ��1�� [MPa] ��2�� [MPa] ��2�� [MPa] ��12�� [MPa] Value 1620 690 40 140 60 c.
Wind angle variation over dome The above properties were used to model a transversely isotropic composite in a commercial package ANSYS.
The shell was modeled as a symmetric, balanced angle ply laminate with the average laminate properties (average of both positive and negative angled plies) for each layer.

Its stress significantly affects reliability and performance of high pressure and large power RMP.
So in order to ensure safety of the equipment, the larger safety factor is adopted.
Table 2 is crankshaft material properties.
Study on the Dynamic Load and Mechanical Property of the Plunger Pump Crankshaft[J].Machinery Design & Manufacture, 2007(5):155~157
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2008, 44(10):272~276

The Influence of Surface Dipping and Bulk Filling Agents on Properties of High-Speed Grinding Wheels: Materialographic-Based Numerical Modelling Ladislav Čelko1,a*, Petr Skalka1,b, Karel Slámečka1,c, David Jech1,d, Lenka Klakurková1,e, Ivana Ročňáková1,f, Jiří Švejcar1,g, Daniel Holemý2,h and Jozef Kaiser1,i 1Research Group of Materials Characterization and Advanced Coatings, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic 2Best - Business, a. s., Zbraslavecká 777, 679 72 Kunštát, Czech Republic aladislav.celko@ceitec.vutbr.cz, bpetr.skalka@ceitec.vutbr.cz, ckarel.slamecka@ceitec.vutbr.cz, ddavid.jech@ceitec.vutbr.cz, elenka.klakurkova@ceitec.vutbr.cz, fivana.rocnakova@ceitec.vutbr.cz, gjiri.svejcar@ceitec.vutbr.cz, hdaniel.holemy@bestb.cz, ijosef.kaiser@ceitec.vutbr.cz Keywords: Grinding tools, Structure, Scanning electron microscopy, FE Analysis, Surface dipping, Bulk filling.
Furthermore, porosity is one of the most important factors influencing the performance of the grinding wheel [3].
Besides cooling and removal of the chips and abrasive generated during the grinding process, porosity, together with volumetric composition of the wheel affect mechanical properties and thus determine operational constraints.
The properties of present material components were assumed to be as follows: the Young’s modulus E = 1150 GPa and Poisson’s ratio n = 0.15 for abrasive grains, and E = 300 GPa and n = 0.27 for the binder.

Whatever method (either laser or material deposition) used for repairing or complete bad zones, at dental works, during procedures many structural modifications take place, especially in heat affected zones.
In general removable partial dentures are realized from cobalt based alloys, such as Co-Cr-Mo, due to simultaneously properties, such as: high mechanical characteristics (yielding strength, ultimate strength, and hardness), biocompatibility, or wear resistance [16-20].
Quality welds can appreciate the value of the factor p / l (p = depth of weld zone, 1 = width of welded area).
Factor p / m varies depending on the nature of the alloy, the mode and parameters of the laser factor p / it reaches the maximum value when 60-70% overlap of the melting zones in succession.
Part 1: Mechanical properties, J Prosthodont 2 (1993) 144-50