Search results

Investigation on Thermal Absorptivity of PCM Matrix Material for Photovoltaic Module Temperature Reduction V.
Hence further studies on the Tmod reduction will be effective with the use of Al as PCM matrix tube.
With high latent heat of fusion and wide range of melting temperature, organic PCM like paraffin wax satisfies the need as coolant for PV Tmod reduction.
T-type thermocouple is used to measure the PV module and surface temperature of the tube in open surrounding, 20 channel data-logger (GRAPHTEC midi LOGGER GL820) is used to record the temperature of module RS temperature, PCM tube surface temperature, PCM temperature and others.
Solar irradiance data is measured on the particular day using pyranometer along with wind speed using anemometer shown in Fig. 1(b).

The weight decrease on time, presented in Fig. 4 (the data is processed by methods of linear approximation) was fixed.
Under the received data the values of reactionary ability corresponding to these temperatures under the formula (14) are calculated as: For processing of experimental data, the mathematical procedure offered in the works [3, 16] was used
There is no data about equivalent or close correlation connection of the indicators CRI/CSR with technical and economic indicators of the blast furnace smelting.
In a certain zone of the furnace at a reduction stage of magnetite the reaction of wustite reduction tends to a thermodynamic equilibrium.
In this zone so-called zonal reduction realizes when the processes of reduction of various iron oxides combine in time.

Fig.5 Relationship between variation of cylindrical void dimension and reduction (inter- mediate section) As indicated by the data shown in Fig. 5, the first stage closure of cylindrical void at different locations in ingot has identical process.
Fig.7 shows the relationship between void dimension variation and reduction.
(a) spherical void (b) tetrahedral void Fig.8 Distribution of isoline of effective strain in ingot (ε=42%) Also, cylindrical, spherical and tetrahedral void of different dimension from 1 to 5 mm were used to carry out analysis of influence on the rate of void closure induced by different dimension. 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 void dimension c r i t i c a l r e d u c t i o n spherical void tetrahedral void cylindrical void (intermediate section) Fig.9 Relationship between void dimension and critical reduction (central porosity) The data in Fig. 9 show that void of different dimension is almost closed up with identical reduction, which is theoretically confirmed by elasticity analytical solution of void issue.
Tetrahedral void has the maximal values of critical reduction on void closure during forging.
Tetrahedral void has the maximal values of critical reduction on void closure during forging.

Defect Reduction in Forming Process of Fired Clay Floor Tiles by Six Sigma Approach Wansika Sirimongkol1,a, Parames Chutima1,2,b* and Siriphan Nilpairach3,c 1Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand 2The Royal Society of Thailand 3Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand awansika.s@chula.ac.th, bcparames@chula.ac.th, csiripan.n@chula.ac.th Keywords: Defect Reduction, Fired Clay Floor Tiles, Six Sigma Approach Abstract.
Thus, this step will lead to problem analysis by using experiments, setting hypothesis or using statistical data that has been collected correctly.
The historical manufacturing defect data, which collected 10 lots of production data, showed that the proportion of defect was classified as follows: rough surface 92.10%, crack 2.5%, thin 2.1% and other 3.3% (Fig. 1).
Therefore, the researcher suggests that the study of defect reduction in the forming process of fired clay floor tiles is useful for improving product quality and reducing the number of defects.
Research in this study interesting product features is a rough surface problem in the forming process of fired clay floor tiles, which is a variable with attribute characteristics such as passing or failing, which is the data obtained from attribute data [6].

Table 1 shows data for the conventional standby ATC system in an equipment room governing several stations.
Table 2 shows data on the power consumption and installation space for the ATC in a new equipment room about the same size of the above-described equipment room.
In general, local railways in which a limited number of vehicles are assumed to operate should preferably employ an information-dependent model to reduce the amount of data to be exchanged with the Center.
In-vehicle data can be corrected at the Center through the general-purpose wireless infrastructure. 3.
For such local railways, the positions at which trains sway greatly can be specified as locations to be maintained based on probe-vehicle travel data.

With increasing layers the soil load reduced, but the amount of reduction seemed out of proportion to the layer increasing, to some extent the layers will contributed only a little to the load reduction.
Comparatively, the reduction effects enhanced remarkably with space of reinforcement.
The test data were adopted to examine the effects of load reduction in the reinforced embankment, and the finite element analyses of the reinforced embankment-culvert system were carried out to investigate the load behaviors of culverts and influences of reinforcement parameters on load reduction effect.
The data acquisition system positioned out of the embankment was used to record the measured earth pressure on culvert under various heights of backfill.
Earth pressure reduction method for the buried tube.

The evaluation on individual measure implementation was focused deriving reliable information from real-world data collection and survey of the local measure.
General descriptive statistical data were provided based on evaluation results for each measure, mostly with a before and after comparison.
The selection of these indicators was based on a through analysis of data available from evaluation reports of local measures together with abstraction of data to facilitate conversion of impacts quantified differently into a common base.
Data subsets were then created for detailed analysis and comparison.
Figure 2: Emission reduction of Traffic Management Measures Emission reductions from five traffic management measures are shown in Figure 2.

Results and Discussion Reaction Mechanism of Catalytic Reduction of Nitrate.
Fig. 1 Hypothetical mechanism of catalytic nitrate reduction（*--the state of adsorbed phase） NO is the key intermediate on the selectivity of catalytic nitrate reduction [10].
Kinetics of Catalytic Nitrate Reduction.
Then equation (2) is simplified as： (3) Considering given conditions：when t=0, and , Equation (3) was processed by Laplace transform, then nitrate concentrations over time can be calculated by computer simulation as following: (4) In order to test for the proposal dynamic model, the experiment results from Fig.3 were plotted according to Eq. (1) and Eq. (4) to see whether a straight line passing through data can be obtained.
Kinetics of nitrate reduction in monolith reactor.

An Optimized Particle Filter for Signal De-noising Processing Hanxin Chen1,a, Ling Tu1,b , Kui Sun1,cand Cen Liu1,d 1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, China apg01074075@163.com, bkarlingtu1989@163.com, c59182355@qq.com, d104742579@qq.com Keywords: Particle filter; signal noise reduction processing; radial-basis function network; signal to noise ratio Abstract: The traditional particle filter (PF) algorithm is well known for signal noise reduction processing, but it exists problems of particle impoverishment and cumulation of estimation errors.
To solve these problems, a RBF-PF algorithm for noisy signal reduction processing is proposed.
Signal noise reduction processing results.
Using the above two algorithms in signal noise reduction processing, to further validate RBF - PF algorithm has better de-noising effect than traditional particle filter algorithm by comparison.
Acknowledgement The experimental data is provided by the Reliability Research Lab in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Alberta in Canada.

Comparative Study on Data Editing Techniques for Fatigue Time Series Signals Z.
This paper presents the comparative study on three types of fatigue data editing technique for summarising long records of fatigue data.
Experimentally, the data was collected for 60 seconds at sampling rate of 500Hz, which gave 30, 000 discrete data points.
Using this approach, large amount of significant fatigue data time series signals are retained, and thus shortened loading signals consist of significant amounts of data is produced.
In the presented case study data, i.e., by using different approachs, the pavé edited signal shows a reductions from the original signal.