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Online since: January 2014
Authors: Guang Liang Cheng, Xian Wei Wang
Aggressive chemical mediums when in contact with polymeric material cause irreversible changing of their chemical structure.
Totality of chemical processes causing chemical structure changes of the polymer and its molecular mass is called chemical destruction.
Both processes lead to the structure of compositional material destruction.
The conglomeration influence the destruction process because it proceeds in “weak place” in polymer structure (on conglomeration ties).
Polymer destruction in aggressive mediums. – M.: Chemistry, 1972.279 p
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Muhammad Imran Ahmed, Amir Habib, Zakir Hussain, Amir Khalid
It offers the added advantage of low cost solution processing for thin film formation while for titania sol gel chemistry is complex.
Crystallographic structure of CH3NH3PbI3 was confirmed by XRD analysis.
Sharp peaks at 14.25, 28.56, 32.00, 40.77 and 43.31 match well with the crystal structure signature of CH3NH3PbI3 [14–17].
Needle like structures formed a compact film with complete coverage with an average roughness measured at 4.50 nm.
Upon wetting with MAI solution in iso-propanol, the grains grew to tetragonal structures with submicron length.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Brian Yuliarto, Suyatman Suyatman, Hermawan Kresno Dipojono, Eka Cahya Prima
The chemical structures of flavylium cation (FC) as the nature anthocyanin structure and cyanidin-3-glucoside-7-diphenilamine-2'-acrylic acid (CGDA) will be shown in Fig. 1.
Moreover, anthocyanin possessing aromatic structure can play role as the junction to deliver electron effectively from the donor group to the acceptor group [10].
The DSSC structure, its energetically schematic reaction of Flavylium Cation (FC) and cyanidin-3-glucoside-7-diphenilamine-2'-acrylic acid (CGDA) as photosensitizers, and its intramolecular charge transfer of CGDA Figure 3.
The computed absorption spectra of of Flavylium Cation (FC) and cyanidin-3-glucoside-7-diphenilamine-2'-acrylic acid (CGDA) The electronic structure data of EHOMO, ELUMO, Egap, and dipole moments of FC and CGDA dyes are tabulated in Table I.
Marcus, Electron transfer reactions in chemistry.
Online since: October 2017
Authors: Fırat Durmuş, Mürsel Ekrem
Introduction Polymers come from the molecular structures formed at macro size.
Molecules bind to each other by covalent bonds to form a polymer structure, that is, structures that are formed by repeatedly repeating the structure of a molecule.
This structure is the result of the reaction of the molecule that makes up it under certain conditions.
Deanin, Polymer Structure, Properties, And Applications: Cahners Books; 1972
Galiotis, Carbon nanotube-polymer composites: Chemistry, processing, mechanical and electrical properties, Progress in Polymer Science. 35(3) 2010 357-401
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Miftahul Anwar, Teguh Endah Saraswati, Sayekti Wahyuningsih, Patiha Patiha, Isya Fitri Andhika, Candra Purnawan
Additional nanoparticles characterization was also studied by TEM to confirm the structure of as prepared particles.
The images show that at least, there were two structures resulted from the fabrication process, i.e.
The images have a good agreement with the result of XRD pattern, concluding that the fabricated nanoparticles consisted of TiO2 and carbon in incorporated structure.
This composite has incorporated structure between TiO2 and carbon confirmed from its XRD pattern and TEM images.
Titirici, One-step solvothermal synthesis of a carbon-TiO2 dyade structure effectively promoting visible-light photocatalysis, Adv.
Online since: November 2018
Authors: Oskars Leščinskis, Visvaldis Švinka, Ruta Švinka
Sorption experiments Rhodamine B is a cationic dye, the structure of which is shown in Fig. 2.
The structure of methyl orange is shown in Fig. 3.
The structure of rhodamine B Fig. 3.
The pH of the dye solution is one of the most important parameters as the protonation of functional groups on adsorbent surface and the chemistry of dye molecules are strongly affected by pH of the solution [11].
Yan, Defects in structure as the sources of the surface charges of kaolinite, Appl.
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Mikhail V. Gorshenkov, Sergey D. Kaloshkin, Vladimir D. Danilov, Victor N. Gulbin, Victor V. Tcherdyntsev
Gulbin2,e 1 National University of Science and Technology «MISiS», Department of Physical Chemistry, Leninsky pr. 4, Moscow, Russia; 2 OAO “NIKIMT-Atomstroy”, Altufievskoe sh. 43, Moscow, Russia amvg@misis.ru, bkaloshkin@misis.ru, cvvch@misis.ru,ddanilovvd@mail.ru,evngulbin@mail.ru Keywords: Al-based hybrid composite, boron carbide, tungsten, mechanical alloying Abstract.
Structure of obtained composites was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The structure and phase composition of the composite before and after extrusion were studied by the XRD analysis with Rigaku Ultima IV diffractometer.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Rui Wu, Jian Yong Li, Ai Mei Yang, Wei Jie Guo
The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: b-sitosterolpalmitare (1), 5α, 8α-epidioxy-(22E-24R)-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3β-ol (2), 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (3), Loliolide (4), Altertoxin I (5).
The structures of these known compounds were identified by direct comparison of their spectral data (1H NMR and 13C NMR and DEPT) with those reported values in the literatures.
Ji: Chemistry of Natural Compounds.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Qing Zhang, Jian Hua Liu, Wen Zhong Gao, Liang Zhang
Two types of packing towers were generally used, i.e. random packing towers[12~18] and structured packing[19~22].
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research.2000:39 (6): 2076-2084
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research.1996:35 (1): 192-198
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zi Long Liao, Yin Hui Long, Zhong Xiao Guo, Yong Fu Wei
Over the past century, irrigation techniques continue to improve and promote the sustainable development of regional agriculture, but some problems and difficulties are brought out on agriculture irrigation management, these problems mainly leaded by lack of related knowledge about soil-climate-crop correlation relationship, suitable development and utilization of water resources, water chemistry and soil microorganisms process change caused by excessive irrigation [1].
In order to cope with resources and environment pressure caused by the rapid development of economy and society, it is necessary to optimize the best irrigation system scientifically. 2.2 Irrigation system optimization model Irrigation system optimization are mainly limited by some factors, such as terrain, climate, the structure of crop, certainly, what’s more, there are some key factors can influence on the feasibility and rationality of irrigation system, these factors including cost, operation and management technology, irrigation efficiency[11].
(In Chinese) [13] Heping Li: Research on key technology of regional water resource high efficient utilize and suitable development: taking Ordos City which is the national important energy and chemistry base as example(China Water Power Press, Beijing 2011).