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Strain energy stored in rock material is sufficiently large to cause failure when it is released.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41002109), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (ZR2010DQ021) and Shandong Provincial Education Department Foundation of China (J10LE01).
Wu: Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering Vol. 2 (1997), p.13-16, in Chinese
Sun et.al: Journal of China Coal Society Vol.12 (2009), p. 1626-1631,in Chinese
Mitri: International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management Vol.5 (2007), p. 695–707

Research on hydriding reaction kinetics mechanism of Mg2-xNdxNi (x = 0-0.3) alloys Qi Wan1, Ping Li1, Liqun Cui 1, Weina Zhang 1, Yunlong Li 1, Qu Xuanhui1，2 (1School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) Email: bj60106531@sina.com Keywords: Mg based hydrogen storage alloy, vacuum induction melting, PCT curve, kinetics performance Abstract: Mg2-xNdxNi (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys, along with Mg2Ni for comparison, were prepared by vacuum induction melting, The influent of content of Nd on the microstructure and hydrogen storage performance were studied, the hydrogenation mechanism of Mg2-xNdxNi alloys was explored.
Introduction Mg-based alloys are one of the most attractive and promising hydrogen storage materials.
Experiment The starting material were Mg (≥99.9%), Ni (≥99.9%), Nd (≥99.9%), used without further purification.
The materials were vacuum induction melting to obtain a Mg2-xNdxNi (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) composition.
References [1] Song M Y, Yim C D, Kwon S N, et al: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Vol. 33 (2008), p. 87 [2] Wang X L, Tu J P, Wang C H, et al: Journal of Power Sources Vol. 159 (2006), p. 163 [3] Yin J, Yamada T, Yoshinari O, et al: Materials Transactions Vol. 42(2001), p.712 [4] Shang C X, Guo Z X: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Vol. 32 (2007), p.2920 [5] Vijay R, Sundaresan R, Maiya M P, et al: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Vol. 32 (2007), p. 2390 [6] Li Q, Chou K C, Lin Q, et al: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 29 (2004), p. 1383 [7] Liang G, Huot J, Boily S, et al: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 282 (1999), p. 286 [8] Li Q, Lin Q, Jiang L J, et al: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 359 (2003), p. 128 [9] Xie L, Shao H Y, Wang Y T, et al: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Vol. 32 (2007), p. 1949 [10] Martin M, Gommel C, Borkhart C, et al: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 238 (1996), p. 193 [11] Dornheim M, Doppiu

Wallace: Journal of Materials Process Technology Vol. 171 (2006), p.188
Klaus: Journal of Materials Process Tecnology Vol. 177 (2006), p. 2
Ye: Journal Material Science Vol.42/2 (2007), p.565
Jiang: Journal Materials Process Technology Vol.209/6 (2009), p.2864
Lau: Journal Materials Process Technology Vol.66/1–3 (1997), p.123

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a very promising material.
Introduction Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a promising material.
Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Vol. 59, No. 6, December 2011, pp. 3508_3512; [2] Nicholas T.
Journal of Materials Chemistry, 17, January 2012 [4] Alexander Sivkov, Alexander Ivashutenko, Yuliya Shanenkova, Ivan Shanenkov: Plasma dynamic synthesis and obtaining ultradispersed zinc oxide with single-crystalline particle structure.
Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 12 (2008) 44–50

China 2School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, P.
Experimental Material.
Li: Insulating Materials, 2007,40(6):36-42
Bai: Journal of Tianjin Polytechnic University, 2006（4): 52-55
Bai and ZB Xu: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2006(6):257-261

Reduction Kinetics of Bayan Obo Associated Iron Niobium Ore Fushun ZHANG 1,2,a, Zengwu ZHAO 2,b, Fang ZHANG 3,c, Naixiang FENG 1,d 1School of Materials ＆ Metallurgy，Northeastern University, Shenyang, PRC 2Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Utilization of Bayan Obo Multi-Metallic Resources: Elected State Key Laboratory，Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, PRC 3Material and Metallurgy School Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, PRC alnfushun@163.com, bzhzengwu@hotmail.com, czhangfang2006322@163.com, dtempmails@yeah.net Key words: carbon-bearing pellet; reduction mechanism; controlling step; kinetics Abstract:The mass loss rate of carbon-bearing pellet during reduction process was investigated at the temperature from 900 to 1050 ºC.
In order to full use of BayanObo resources, a process named continuous extracting niobium from hot metal was proposed by University of Science and Technology Beijing and Institute of Metallic Materials of Japan.
Experimental Materials In the experiment, associated iron and niobium ore was chosen as the niobium-bearing material, and its chemical compositions listed in Table 1.
The reduction process can be described based on porous material reaction model.
The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, Vol. 16 (1995), p. 118-126 [12] CHEN xiangwu: Steel metallurgical physical chemistry, (The Metallurgical Industry Press)Vol.175-192(1990),p.2 [13] XU Rongjun, NI Ruiming,ZHANG Shengbi, MA Zhongting, CHEN Qibing:reduction kinetics of chromite pellet with carbon.Journal of Iron and Steel Research in chinese. vol.7(1995),p.1-5 [14] Rao Y.K.: Met.

and are the volume occupied by solid materials and its upper bound, respectively.
Here, suppose material properties are .
Paulino: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 77(2009), p. 301 [2] N.
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Semenova, Advances in Superplasticity of Ultrafine-Grained Alloys: Recent Research and Development, Materials Science Forum. 838-839 (2016) 23-33
Langdon, Forty-five Years of Superplastic Research: Recent Developments and Future Prospects, Materials Science Forum. 838-839 (2016) 3-12
Rudaev, On the dynamic superplasticity, Materials Science Forum. 879 (2017) 960–965
Malopheyev, Mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization in aluminum alloys, Materials Science Forum. 794-796 (2014) 784-789
Jonas, Dynamic and post-dynamic recrystallization under hot, cold and severe plastic deformation conditions, Progress in Materials Science. 60 (2014) 130–207

Wetland Science.
Journal of Soil Water Conservation.
The Distributive Characteristics of Soil Microorganisms at Dry LakeWetland on Semiarid Grassland[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 71-78 (2011), p. 2882-2886
Divergent Characteristics of Soil Fungi and Actinomycetes at River Wetland on Typical Steppe[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 71-78 (2011), p. 3114-3117
Diversity of Fungi and Actinomycetes in Soil of Enclosed and Grazing Wetland on Inner Mongolian Plateau[J].Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 356-360 (2011), p. 2703-2706

Shin, Modelling of machining of composite materials : A review, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture. 57 (2012) 102-121
Davim, Drilling of fibre reinforced plastics: A review, Journal of Material Processing Technology. 186 (2007) 1-7
Narayanasamy, Evaluation of PCD tool performance during machining of carbon/phenolic ablative composites, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 104 (2000) 53-58
Walton, Machining of composite materials.
Stewart, Effects of cryogenic treatment and refrigerated air on tool wear when machining medium density fiberboard, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 209 (2009) 5117-5122