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Table 1 shows the materials considered here, also the component to which they are assigned and the mechanical properties needed to set up the analyses.
Note that all materials are considered to be elastic and isotropic; the mechanical properties are for "medical grade" versions of these materials and they concur with ISO regulations.
The stem/ball interface was simulated to behave as "fully bonded"; convergence analyses to optimize the Normal Stiffness and the Penetration Tolerance factors were performed.
Mechanical properties of the materials for total hip replacement.
The use of zirconia properties to model the ball head yielded even lower stresses.

Nalla Mohamed1, a*, J.Sylvya Rebecca2, b 1Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai-603110, Tamilnadu, India. 2 P.G.StudentResearcher, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai-603110, Tamilnadu.
This temperaturedepends on many process parameters such as peak current, pulse duration,the properties and composition of the dielectric and the raw materials used, etc.An experimental approachto finding the impact of process parameters on this discharge temperature as well as an emission is uneconomical.
The material properties of the tool and work piece are temperature dependent. 3.
Then the material properties are assigned to the model as given in Table 1.
Discretization of the domain has been done by providing finer mesh on the area which is affected by the heat flux (top left corner) and coarse mesh on the remaining area.

The implant prosthesis is used in the treatment of lesions within the joint or damage caused by mechanical stress.
The main factors are disease, that indication for arthroplasty include: rheumatoid arthritis, advanced degenerative changes, fractures proximal epiphysis of the femur and femoral head necrosis.
Although the X-ray is used, the same property of X-rays and is done mostly in two sections, which is associated with a too small amount of information for faithful reproduction of anatomical structures in the solid model.
Longitudinal section through the model of the femur with the selected cross-sections of the Medullary canal included in the shape of a rod Proper selection of the neck angle to the stem allows the correct settings of the limb to the trunk, which provides not only the proper function of the hip joint, but also the proper affects functioning of the knee.
Crisp, The Medical Devices Directives and their impact on the development and manufacturing of medical implants, in: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 210 (1996) 233-239

The combined effects of the cutting force and temperature are the main factors of cutting tool failure.
Comparison of Tool Material Properties.
In this section, the mechanical properties, physical properties and chemical properties are listed in sequence of magnitude [7].
The Mechanical Properties of Tool Materials.
The Physical Properties of Cutting Tool Materials.

Fajnor1,d 1University of Zilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Zilina, Slovak Republic. 2Department of Mechanical Production Technology, College of Technological Studies, PAAET, P.O.
These factors may lead to different types of corrosions and erosion and therefore, an investigation regarding the effect of these factors should be addressed and considered.
Coarse rather than fine grains were more affected by the corrosion attacks.
Nevertheless, the solution seemed to have a great influence on the properties of corrosion products and transport activities of aggressive chloride ions and oxygen.
These factors were found to have a significant effect on the corrosion rate of copper pipes in both stagnation and flowing conditions.

Introduction The tool–material interactions under machining conditions modify significantly the properties of metal near surface layers and subsequently their behavior and durability.
For long time, the appreciation of the surface integrity and the properties of the near surface layers affected by machining were based on experimental approaches combining a variety of techniques and methods of mechanical and physicochemical investigations [1-3].
These approaches are expensive and lead to more or less significant uncertainties of surface properties.
Nevertheless, numerical models are rarely used to predict the properties of machined surface for the case of aluminum alloys.
The created heat is transferred to chip, to tool and to workpiece in proportions depending on tool and material properties and cutting conditions.

The addition of a nucleating agent to PP leads to an improvement in the mechanical and optical properties.
Tensile and optical properties were also investigated.
The obtained extrudates were pelletized and then examined for their thermal properties using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique.
In this work, the thermal properties of the neat PP and PP/pigment mixtures were analyzed by DSC.
The tensile properties and clarity of PP were better with phthalocyanine blue addition.

Samad School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
But the main problem of drilling is excessive tool wear that may affect the quality of the holes.
Its combine two or more materials to exhibits various properties.
Drilling-induced damage, such as spalling, delamination, edge chipping, fiber pullout, crack formation, and excessive tool wear, may affect structural integrity [6-8].
Figure 3: The deviation of the hole diameter Other factor that can be discussed is on the defects that occur at the hole.

Each of these factors is crucial to the properties of the resulting TiO2.
These impurities will usually embed themselves in the Ti-O matrix in the form of subsitutional impurities, altering properties such as mechanical strength, band gaps and reactivity [16-18].
Optical Characterization of both commercial nano-TiO2 and nano-TiO2, with a) absorbance spectrum and b) transmission spectrum It is well established in [19] that the structural properties influence the optical properties of nanoparticles.
Due to its inverse relationship with absorbance, transmission is also affected by the same structural factors as absorbance, only differently.
Mao, Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications, Chem.

A dedicated chemical sensor would employ a chemical interface which selectively reacts with (or adsorbs) the targeted substance and changes its physical properties (e.g., its mass due to adsorption).
The reason for this supposedly lies in the adverse properties of macroscopic measurement approaches, i.e. relatively large heating powers and large response times.
Vellekoop, Physical Sensors for Liquid Properties, IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 3076-3085, Dec. 2011, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2011.2167716 [7] B.
Sensing liquid properties with thickness-shear mode resonators, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 1994; 44; 209-218
Sensing liquid properties with thickness-shear mode resonators, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 1994; 44; 209-218