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Abstract: The production of materials from crystallization of glass, called glassceramic, have proved interesting by the possibility of development of different microstructures, with reduced grain size and the presence of residual amorphous phase in different quantities.
The production of the glassceramic has been interesting with the possibility of development of microstructures differentiated, with reduced grain size, random orientation, with the presence of residual amorphous phase in different quantities [4].
Tp '-Tp versus the time of heat treatment, it can be achieved an isothermal nucleation curve, whose behavior allows to evaluate a number of cores, which increases with the duration of crystalline treatment.

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) processing of monolith and composite ceramics materials has been recognized to offer a number of advantages over conventional sintering approaches.
It was concluded, by some, that SPS has the potential of enhanced densification and suppressed grain growth due to a fast heating rate and apparent low firing temperature.
The grain size was estimated from the full width at half maximum (FWHM) by the Scherrer equation [8] and confirmed by TEM and line intercept method by SEM.
The improvement in fracture toughness in TZP-3Y20A/50% HA samples could be attributable to the decrease of porosity, saying HA content increases from 40 to 50%, more HA get fill in the pores of the continuously porous skeleton fabricated by fine grains of ZrO2 and Al2O3.
Hardness slightly decreases at 1400 °C can be observed, this is probably caused by the influence of grain size on the hardness of the sintered composite, that is, coarser grain size lead to lower hardness [13].

By applying a grain refining technology by means of TMCP to this composition, it will be possible to obtain massive products with an extremely fine structure or nano-crystalline structure through the rolling process.
In Photo. 1 with low magnification, ǩ-grains with the size of about 1 Ǵm (Al particles) and Ǫ-grains (Zn particles) exist together.
Photo. 2 with high magnification shows Ǫ-grains, the size of which was verified to be about 30 nm.
Ǫ-grains are nano-crystalline as predicted theoretically. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Al Zn mass% Liq.
ǭtotal = (4n – 3)ǭ (1) where n is the number of accumulation, andǭis the strain amplitude (r0.1 %). 3.

D=K λ / β cosθ (2) Where D is the size of crystal grain, K is dimensionless constant (0.9), θ is the X-ray diffraction angle, λ is wavelength of X-ray radiation, and β is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of diffraction peak.
The crystal grain size of TiO2 bulk and carbon-doped TiO2 calculated by Scherrer equation are given in the following Table 1.
This shows that doping concentration up to certain value effectively inhibits TiO2 grain growth probably by staying at grain boundaries thereby decreasing the crystallite size and increasing the surface area [41].
It was estimated that the average grain size of the doped TiO2 lies between 7-12 nm, which is approximately in accord with the XRD results.
But further increase in amount of carbon as dopant decreases the photocatalytic activity due to the fact that the recombination rate of the charge carriers increases exponentially with the dopant concentration as the average distance between the trap sites decreases with increasing the number of dopants confined within a particle.

Therefore, the goal of the present research was to utilize the mixed oxide method to fabricate Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 (BFTO) ceramics that belongs to the Aurivillius family of Bi – containing oxides described with the general formula Bim+1Fem-3Ti3O3m+3 where m is the number of perovskite – like layers per slab (in the present study m=5) as well as characterize its thermal behavior, microstructure and crystalline structure.
The weak endothermic peak at about T»10360C, one can ascribed to the phase transformations, namely a peritectic decomposition into compounds of the same homologous series with a smaller number of perovskite – like layers in their structure [4], whereas the strong endothermic peak at T»11170C - to liquidus temperature [3, 4].
One can see that fabricated BFTO ceramics is dense with a plate-like shaped grains.
It is worth noting that the available X-ray diffraction standard for Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 compound (ISCD collection code 156257; PDF reference number 01-075-8378; primary reference [8]) belongs to the orthorhombic crystal structure described by F2mm space group (space group number 42).

The numbers represent height differences between successive positions along the sand pile.
The process continues until all the are below threshold, at which point another grain of sand is added at a random site vis equation (1).
The SOC model can be looked as an array of damped pendula in a gravitational field, coupled by torsion springs: the heights are the winding numbers of the springs, and the are the spring forces on the pendula[2].
The stability condition is: (4) Therefore the total number of stable states is .
The movement of large numbers of people is important in many situations, such as the evacuation of a building in an emergency.

As such switch is used to increase the transmission bandwidth of the shared memory, it should be located on the position where the number of paths between a switch and PEs is the largest to maximize the system performance.
Note that if the number of vertices in an application is greater than the total available number in the MPSoC, we just reject the application.
Reorganizing applications into different grains is not our focus in this paper.
In the figure, the numbers are given to PEs in an ascending order of MD from the origin where the shared memory is located.

The fractal shapes are broken, uneven and irregular; the fractal chances are to describe the differences between objects; the fractal dimensions are the dimensions with fractional number which is the important characteristic quantities of the fractal geometry also.
Suppose N(r) is the number of r-spheres (sphere with diameter r) needed to cover a set.
The grain sizes of the coarse aggregates are the range of 4.75mm ~ 26.5mm.
The number of the box with cracks N (ri) (i=1, 2, …, 10)is obtained. in the share of grid.
In order to reduce errors, N (ri) takes the average number of both sides of the test beam.

Based on the previous work of our company's technical staff, it had been determined that the grain size, composition, and slags entrapped in organization were not the main reason lead to the formation of bright- craterlet.
Firstly, in terms of probability of occurrence on the bright-craterlet, sliding-line type bright-craterlets accounted for the majority of the total number of bright-craterlet.
Secondly, once the crater-type bright-craterlet appears, the number of bright-craterlet will be very large, pitting connected with another pitting together, so craterlet area can even account for more than half of the sample surface.
There are holes and cracks with range number, different sizes and different densities within tensile samples with pitting.
If the degassing of molten aluminum is not enough, a large number of hydrogen dissolved in liquid aluminum, and then lead to the formation of pores in the casting process.

Soybean and cottonseed oil were provided by Dantu grain and oil chemical plant, China.
Table 1 Main composition (wt.%) of -10PDa -10PD Content -10PD Content -10PD Content -10PD Content C8 0.36 C12 6.70 C16 3.83 C20 1.35 C9 1.75 C13 2.24 C17 6.65 C21 8.52 C10 5.51 C14 4.37 C18 1.38 C24 0.74 C11 4.09 C15 12.69 C19 0.81 C26 0.27 aCm: shorthand of alkane. m: the number of carbon atom in alkane.
Table 2 Main composition (wt.%) of biodiesela biodiesel C14:0 C16:0 C18:0 C20:0 C22:0 C24:0 C16:1 C18:1 C20:1 C22:1 C18:2 C18:3 SME 0.19 11.09 5.50 0.60 0.69 0.22 0.26 28.56 0.41 0.11 42.95 7.74 CME 1.28 24.04 5.71 0.69 0.23 0.17 0.51 38.87 0.61 1.10 23.32 1.78 aCm:n: shorthand of fatty acid methyl ester. m: the number of carbon atom in fatty acid group. n: the number of double bond.
SME and CME are mainly composed of C, H and O, viz., fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) of 14–22 even-numbered C atoms.