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Online since: October 2013
Authors: Xiao Chu Wang, Le Zhou, Jun Wei Wang
Introduction
The unique mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced concrete have been widely recognized by people, but the difficulties in the preparation process still exist.
The study found that air oxidation can improve the carbon fiber composite mechanical properties significantly.
However, this method is more intense reaction, if the control of temperature or time is not appropriate, it will cause excessive oxidation, and seriously affect the mechanical properties of carbon fiber.
It could improve the negative factors of the carbon fiber surface.
According to the literature [3], oxidation temperature and time are the main factors of liquid oxidation.
The study found that air oxidation can improve the carbon fiber composite mechanical properties significantly.
However, this method is more intense reaction, if the control of temperature or time is not appropriate, it will cause excessive oxidation, and seriously affect the mechanical properties of carbon fiber.
It could improve the negative factors of the carbon fiber surface.
According to the literature [3], oxidation temperature and time are the main factors of liquid oxidation.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Ming Zhe Li, Wen Zhi Fu, Peng Xiao Feng, Hao Han Zhang
However, There are a number of factors in stretching process that affect the stability of the quality of formed part, including complexity of the parameters, sports of the process, overstretching and nonuniform stretching.
Among those factors, overstretching and nonuniform stretching are most vital.
MRSF Concept and FE Model Description of the multi-roll stretch forming process.As shown in figure 1, this core mechanical structure in MRSF flexible machine is composed of two rows of flexible rollers, four rows of flexible clamps and a die.
The relevant mechanical properties are: yield strength sy = 75.3 MPa, Young’s modulus E = 40.49 GPa and Poisson’s coefficient μ= 0.33 and density ρ= 2720 kg/m3.
Fann, "Prediction of the final part properties in sheet metal forming by CNC-controlled stretch forming," J.
Among those factors, overstretching and nonuniform stretching are most vital.
MRSF Concept and FE Model Description of the multi-roll stretch forming process.As shown in figure 1, this core mechanical structure in MRSF flexible machine is composed of two rows of flexible rollers, four rows of flexible clamps and a die.
The relevant mechanical properties are: yield strength sy = 75.3 MPa, Young’s modulus E = 40.49 GPa and Poisson’s coefficient μ= 0.33 and density ρ= 2720 kg/m3.
Fann, "Prediction of the final part properties in sheet metal forming by CNC-controlled stretch forming," J.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Li Zhi Gu, Shao Kui Qu, Jian Tao Wang, Wei Wen Du, Yan Hua Huang
However, the processing surface stress state in the process of change will directly affect the physical integrity of the machined surface [6,7].
J-C simulation model parameters with related material Material A(Mpa) B(Mpa) n C m () 0.45% c Steel 553.1 600.8 0.234 0.013 1.00 1460 Finite Element Equation Model Selection It has a strong influence of the changes in the temperature and the microstructure of the cut material on the properties of it.
[3] Ai-jun CHEN.Analysis of dynamic stress intensity factors of three-point bend specimen containing crack [J].
China Mechanical Engineering, 2007, 18 (006):746 -751.
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1985.
J-C simulation model parameters with related material Material A(Mpa) B(Mpa) n C m () 0.45% c Steel 553.1 600.8 0.234 0.013 1.00 1460 Finite Element Equation Model Selection It has a strong influence of the changes in the temperature and the microstructure of the cut material on the properties of it.
[3] Ai-jun CHEN.Analysis of dynamic stress intensity factors of three-point bend specimen containing crack [J].
China Mechanical Engineering, 2007, 18 (006):746 -751.
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1985.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Bin Wang, Shansuo Zheng, Fei Yu
The research results indicate that resistance degradation of members affected by low cycle fatigue damage leads to strength and stiffness degradation.
In addition, the strength deterioration of members rapidly was affected by existing strength deterioration model due to the serious cracking of concrete and compressive yielding of longitudinal reinforcement after the member arrived at ultimate strength.
So the destroy index can be expressed by the cumulative hysteretic energy, it was rewritten as (8) where, is the hysteretic energy dissipation in the ith half-cycle, is the strength deterioration factor about member parameters
In contrast to Park-Ang model, the damage model established in this paper can reflect the variation of their mechanical properties under a horizontal earthquake action reasonably.
In addition, the strength deterioration of members rapidly was affected by existing strength deterioration model due to the serious cracking of concrete and compressive yielding of longitudinal reinforcement after the member arrived at ultimate strength.
So the destroy index can be expressed by the cumulative hysteretic energy, it was rewritten as (8) where, is the hysteretic energy dissipation in the ith half-cycle, is the strength deterioration factor about member parameters
In contrast to Park-Ang model, the damage model established in this paper can reflect the variation of their mechanical properties under a horizontal earthquake action reasonably.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Wen Xian Tang, Cheng Cheng, Yun Di Cai, Fei Wang
Wind power generation is the process of wind wheel that catches the wind converting wind energy into mechanical energy, then converting mechanical energy into electric energy.
So airfoil composing of blade and its arrangement will directly affect the changing efficiency of wind.
(4) In the formulae: - lift coefficient; - drag coefficient; - axial interference factor; - week to the interference factor; - the number of blade; - the radius of wind wheel; -the twist angle
Parameters and property of these airfoils which are imported into AutoCAD are modified.
Numerical Analysis of Dynamic Property and Fatigue Life for HAWT GRP Rotor Blades, Porc.
So airfoil composing of blade and its arrangement will directly affect the changing efficiency of wind.
(4) In the formulae: - lift coefficient; - drag coefficient; - axial interference factor; - week to the interference factor; - the number of blade; - the radius of wind wheel; -the twist angle
Parameters and property of these airfoils which are imported into AutoCAD are modified.
Numerical Analysis of Dynamic Property and Fatigue Life for HAWT GRP Rotor Blades, Porc.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Bo Wen Li, Zhi Yong Lu, Xuan Kun Peng, Yu Qiong Peng, Jun Wei Yi
Introduction
Water hazard disaster may cause the entire watershed pollution, which directly affects the water life and indirectly effects the residents living and industrial production, even cause casualties; water transportation accidents of dangerous goods inspection is an important link of the dangerous goods emergency and contingency planning , with advanced detection technology can rapidly acquire the carriage's substances, physical and chemical properties, provides decision-making information for emergency rescue which reduces the rescuers' injury, and prevent disaster from further extend [1].
Remote unmanned aircraft control gas sampling device comprises a remote control device and remote control handle [5], remote control device is also equipped with camera and steering gear, single chip computer and mechanical structure; the camera and the steering gear are connected with the single chip microcomputer; single chip computer and remote control device communication module are connected for receiving remote control handle orders and sending video information captureed by camera; and single chip computer is controedl by a relay mechanical structure.
Commuication modue Control module Acquisition pod Windlass Camera Fixed tank Fig3 Schematic diagram of gas sampling The mechanical structure including the acquisition of pod, a needle cylinder type gas collector, a winch and acquisition pod release device; a needle cylinder type gas collector is arranged in the collection within the pod, a needle cylinder type gas collector and top of the collection of pod connect with hoist hanging ; a needle cylinder type gas collecting device, a winch and acquisition pod release device are controled by the SCM through relays.
Aircraft lift coefficient CL=M×9.81/0.5ρV 2S, the minimum level flight power W=D×V, (D stands for resistance), D=W×CD/CL, CD is drag coefficient, power = W×CD/CL1.5×√W/0.5ρS, CL1.5/ CD is the power factor, well designed airfoil can bring high power factors, we can get these parameters through the wind tunnel tests as follows: 1 2 3 4 5 6 CL CD CL/CD CL3 CL1.5 CL1.5/ CD 0.4 0.0289 13.84 0.064 0.253 8.75 0.5 0.0241 20.75 0.125 0.353 14.66 0.6 0.0218 27.75 0.126 0.464 21.32 0.7 0.0220 31.82 0.343 0.585 26.53 0.8 0.0240 33.33 0.512 0.715 29.82 0.9 0.0260 34.62 0.729 0.854 32.85 Fig5 Part of the power factor data by wind tunnel experimental 2.3 Video capture control process After finding the situation, we can manually control wireless signal transmitter,.
Remote unmanned aircraft control gas sampling device comprises a remote control device and remote control handle [5], remote control device is also equipped with camera and steering gear, single chip computer and mechanical structure; the camera and the steering gear are connected with the single chip microcomputer; single chip computer and remote control device communication module are connected for receiving remote control handle orders and sending video information captureed by camera; and single chip computer is controedl by a relay mechanical structure.
Commuication modue Control module Acquisition pod Windlass Camera Fixed tank Fig3 Schematic diagram of gas sampling The mechanical structure including the acquisition of pod, a needle cylinder type gas collector, a winch and acquisition pod release device; a needle cylinder type gas collector is arranged in the collection within the pod, a needle cylinder type gas collector and top of the collection of pod connect with hoist hanging ; a needle cylinder type gas collecting device, a winch and acquisition pod release device are controled by the SCM through relays.
Aircraft lift coefficient CL=M×9.81/0.5ρV 2S, the minimum level flight power W=D×V, (D stands for resistance), D=W×CD/CL, CD is drag coefficient, power = W×CD/CL1.5×√W/0.5ρS, CL1.5/ CD is the power factor, well designed airfoil can bring high power factors, we can get these parameters through the wind tunnel tests as follows: 1 2 3 4 5 6 CL CD CL/CD CL3 CL1.5 CL1.5/ CD 0.4 0.0289 13.84 0.064 0.253 8.75 0.5 0.0241 20.75 0.125 0.353 14.66 0.6 0.0218 27.75 0.126 0.464 21.32 0.7 0.0220 31.82 0.343 0.585 26.53 0.8 0.0240 33.33 0.512 0.715 29.82 0.9 0.0260 34.62 0.729 0.854 32.85 Fig5 Part of the power factor data by wind tunnel experimental 2.3 Video capture control process After finding the situation, we can manually control wireless signal transmitter,.
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Ch. Vineel, V ViswaTeja Turlapati
It also provides the information about various mechanical properties.
Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Apart from the factors that affect the properties of conventional concrete, fiber reinforced concrete is affected by following factors · Transfer of stress between matrix and fiber · Aspect ratio · Quantity of fiber · Orientation and distribution of fibers Transfer of stress between matrix and fiber: · Modulus of elasticity of matrix must be lower than that of fiber for efficient stress transfer
Vairagade et al (2015) states that the inclusion of steel fiber in the concrete mix leads to an improvement in mechanical properties and a better resistance to heating effects.
An important negative aspect to the synthetic fibers is that they will soften at elevated temperatures and melt at about 150- 160⁰C, thus losing all their mechanical properties.
Mechanical Properties The tensile strength of concrete improves by adding reinforcement fibers.
Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Apart from the factors that affect the properties of conventional concrete, fiber reinforced concrete is affected by following factors · Transfer of stress between matrix and fiber · Aspect ratio · Quantity of fiber · Orientation and distribution of fibers Transfer of stress between matrix and fiber: · Modulus of elasticity of matrix must be lower than that of fiber for efficient stress transfer
Vairagade et al (2015) states that the inclusion of steel fiber in the concrete mix leads to an improvement in mechanical properties and a better resistance to heating effects.
An important negative aspect to the synthetic fibers is that they will soften at elevated temperatures and melt at about 150- 160⁰C, thus losing all their mechanical properties.
Mechanical Properties The tensile strength of concrete improves by adding reinforcement fibers.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jie Li, Fang Wang
Introduction
At present, the building energy consumption accounts for about 30% of total energy consumption in China, which also presents a trend of rigid growth, and it is estimated that this proportion will reach 35% in 2020[1]; however, the energy consumption of doors and windows accounts for 40~50% of the total energy consumption of outer building envelope, which is the weakest link of heat transfer and air infiltration in the building envelope, and it is one of the important factors that affect the indoor thermal environment and the energy saving of building.
The door and window are the weakest link in the energy saving design of building, some designers try to reduce the area of outer door and window to reduce the energy consumption of building area, but this will not only affect the indoor environment and façade appearance, but also increase the extra lighting energy consumption of building.
Energy-saving Measures of Door and Window Improve the Optical Property, Thermal Performance of Material.
In this way, it can not only satisfy the sunshade requirement in summer, but also won’t affect the lighting and sun exposure requirement in winter, and related assembly of electric actuating mechanism can be further installed to realize intelligent and automatic control.
The ratio of window to wall should be combined to other aspects of architectural design, the architectural artistic effects and the indoor luminous environment should be adequately considered, the intensification of the heat preservation and thermal insulation of outer building envelope should not highly depend on decrease of the ratio of window to wall, and the focus of energy saving should still be put on improving the light-heat properties of the door and window.
The door and window are the weakest link in the energy saving design of building, some designers try to reduce the area of outer door and window to reduce the energy consumption of building area, but this will not only affect the indoor environment and façade appearance, but also increase the extra lighting energy consumption of building.
Energy-saving Measures of Door and Window Improve the Optical Property, Thermal Performance of Material.
In this way, it can not only satisfy the sunshade requirement in summer, but also won’t affect the lighting and sun exposure requirement in winter, and related assembly of electric actuating mechanism can be further installed to realize intelligent and automatic control.
The ratio of window to wall should be combined to other aspects of architectural design, the architectural artistic effects and the indoor luminous environment should be adequately considered, the intensification of the heat preservation and thermal insulation of outer building envelope should not highly depend on decrease of the ratio of window to wall, and the focus of energy saving should still be put on improving the light-heat properties of the door and window.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Ze Hao Hu, Juan Liu, Wei Wei, Kun Liu
The main parameters affecting the quality of injection molding are: mold temperature, melt temperature, filling time, packing pressure (the percentage of filling pressure obtained from Moldflow), dwell time and cooling time.
Therefore, according to the design requirement and usage of the products, this article selects volume shrinkage variation, the average volume contraction rate[5], maximum settlement indicators, warping deformation as the indexes of product's size and shape accuracy, structure property, surface property and mechanical property.
Because this is a test with 5 levels and 6 factors, we can choose orthogonal table [6].
Table 2 Setting of variables and levels Levels Process Parameters Factors Mold temperature () Melt temperature () Filling time (s) Packing pressure (the percentage of filling pressure %) Pressure hold time(s) Cooling time (s) Level 1 50 240 0.4 110 4 4 Level 2 60 255 0.6 100 6 6 Level 3 70 270 0.8 90 8 8 Level 4 80 285 1.0 80 10 10 Level 5 90 300 1.2 70 12 12 In order to investigate how dose the number of samples affect the training and generation ability of BP neural network, another orthogonal test is taken, the level value of each parameters process is different from that of the first group, but the ranges of setting parameters are the same, setting of variables and levels is shown in table 3.
Two groups of orthogonal tests with six factors and five levels are taken in this paper, the one which has 50 groups of training samples is called multiple training samples.
Therefore, according to the design requirement and usage of the products, this article selects volume shrinkage variation, the average volume contraction rate[5], maximum settlement indicators, warping deformation as the indexes of product's size and shape accuracy, structure property, surface property and mechanical property.
Because this is a test with 5 levels and 6 factors, we can choose orthogonal table [6].
Table 2 Setting of variables and levels Levels Process Parameters Factors Mold temperature () Melt temperature () Filling time (s) Packing pressure (the percentage of filling pressure %) Pressure hold time(s) Cooling time (s) Level 1 50 240 0.4 110 4 4 Level 2 60 255 0.6 100 6 6 Level 3 70 270 0.8 90 8 8 Level 4 80 285 1.0 80 10 10 Level 5 90 300 1.2 70 12 12 In order to investigate how dose the number of samples affect the training and generation ability of BP neural network, another orthogonal test is taken, the level value of each parameters process is different from that of the first group, but the ranges of setting parameters are the same, setting of variables and levels is shown in table 3.
Two groups of orthogonal tests with six factors and five levels are taken in this paper, the one which has 50 groups of training samples is called multiple training samples.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Chun Lv
Therefore, building energy-saving has been a task which brooks no delay, and how to reduce heating energy consumption has become a key factor in our energy reduction.
The primary factor of reducing building energy consumption is the energy saving of walls — one of the exterior protected construction.
The material has the small apparent density and thermal conductivity,the low water absorption, the great sound insulation, the high mechanical strength the high dimensional accuracy and the homogeneous structure.
One with good insulation properties has the low density, low tensile strength and the poor durability.
Plug-type exterior insulation Plug-in insulating materials, mainly include Rock wool board, glass wool blanket, polystyrene foam (EPS board), extrusion board (XPS board), ceramic decorative concrete composite polystyrene insulation board, steel wire frame Sandwich wall panels, etc.Polystyrene board which due to its good physical properties and low cost, has been widely used around the world.
The primary factor of reducing building energy consumption is the energy saving of walls — one of the exterior protected construction.
The material has the small apparent density and thermal conductivity,the low water absorption, the great sound insulation, the high mechanical strength the high dimensional accuracy and the homogeneous structure.
One with good insulation properties has the low density, low tensile strength and the poor durability.
Plug-type exterior insulation Plug-in insulating materials, mainly include Rock wool board, glass wool blanket, polystyrene foam (EPS board), extrusion board (XPS board), ceramic decorative concrete composite polystyrene insulation board, steel wire frame Sandwich wall panels, etc.Polystyrene board which due to its good physical properties and low cost, has been widely used around the world.