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Introduction Aluminum is widely used for the mechanical parts due to its properties, such as the light weight, and the rust resistance.
The response surface method with the Box-Behnken design is applied for an empirical study of the cutting process, where the cutting parameters affect the surface quality.
In case of ball-end milling process, the cutting conditions may affect the cutting temperature.
Figure 3 Contour plot of cutting force between the air blow pressure and the tool diameter The feed rate and the air blow pressure are the most significant factor on the cutting force.
The experimentally obtained model clearly shows that the air blow pressure and the tool diameter are the most significant factors on the surface roughness.

Hwang, Properties of HPC with recycled aggregates, Cem.
Brownyard, Studies of the Physical Properties of Hardened Portland Cement Paste, J.
Khan, Predicting properties of High Performance Concrete containing composite cementitious materials using Artificial Neural Networks, Autom.
Weinberg, Prediction of dynamic properties of ultra-high performance concrete by an artificial intelligence approach, Adv.
Sayarinejad, Prediction and modeling of mechanical properties in fiber reinforced self- compacting concrete using particle swarm optimization algorithm and artificial neural network, Constr.

The processing method itself consists of combination of rapid and complex mechanical loading conditions (uni- and multi-axial) and cooling kinetics [1].
Final properties of the mouldings are strongly dependent upon the induced microstructure, which are determined by the imposed thermo-mechanical environment.
Main results are listed in Table 2. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 19.62 35.18 9.51 22.43 85.96 31.17 1.432.28 2.28 1.93 37.75 Vstxλλλλst Vst λλλλst Percent of contribution [%] Factors Tg Tcc χχχχc Tst Figure1 a) DSC thermograms at 20 o C.min -1 heating rate for stretched PET samples according Table 1; b) percentage of contribution of stretching parameters on the DSC parameters.
The melting peak temperature, Tm, is not affected by the stretching history and characterized with a negligible percent of variation of c.a. 0.9%.
Cond1Cond2Cond3Cond4Cond5Cond6Cond7Cond8 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.022 0.010 0.003 0.008 0.0020.002 0.003 0.004 Birefringence 0 10 20 30 40 50 21.40 31.59 13.65 Percent of contribution [%] Tst Vst λλλλst Vstxλλλλst Factors 3.28 Figure 2. a) Birefringence values, ∆n, for the stretched samples; b) percentage of contribution of stretching parameters for the birefringence.

This seems to be the factor which reduces fatigue life by decreasing compressive residual stress of surface.� Introduction Recently gear parts are evaluated as the core of machinery parts in the field of weight reduction and high strength fatigue resistance parts industry, and they are used throughout overall industry.
Minimum diameter was 12 mm and the chemical and mechanical properties of materials are indicated in the Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 2�Mechanical properties of specimen.
In the case of peening time of 2 minutes, the impact of the compressive residual stress which affects to materials was not enough compared to optimum peening and this is the reason why the fatigue characteristics is not superior.
Shin: Journal of Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (2002), pp. 335-340 [4] J.H.

The abrasive resistance Study about The cutting Picker 40Cr of Coal Cutter Ning Zhanga, Shuchen Wangb, Na Shic, Hao Chend Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Large Engineering Equipment Detection and Control, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou Institute of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China a sprningzn@126.com, b wsc1967@xzit.edu.cn, c 1446591887@qq.com, d 964697081@qq.com Keywords: shearer picks;40Cr; wear resistance Abstract.
The cutting pick is primarily used in footing excavation such as coal mining and roadway excavation, so the performance of cutting tooth directly affect the mining capacity, the driving efficiency, and the service life of the tool.
The low impact properties, poor wear resistance, and droping the alloy head are the the main reasons of tooth failure.
The friction factor compare of 1# to 3# samples was shown in Fig. 6, The wear coefficient stable values was respectively 0.53, 0.47, and 0.43.
Fig.6 Friction factor compare of 1# to 3# samples Analysis of grinding crack morphology.

In particular, the following aspects must be taken into account: thermo-mechanical analysis of a material undergoing a heating stage coming from friction conditions and plastic deformation; complete material definition able to provide accurate prediction of material properties as function of temperature (especially in the case of multi-phasic materials); complex boundary conditions for both thermal and mechanical evolutions of the system [5].
A qualitative agreement in the shape of the heat-affected zone between numerical models and welded specimens was showed.
Frost, On the extrusion stage of linear friction welding of Ti6Al4V, Materials Science and Engineering a-Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 271 (1999) 477-484
Frost, Modelling the linear friction welding of titanium blocks, Materials Science and Engineering a-Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 292 (2000) 8-17
Velotti, Beta Forging of Ti-6Al-4V: microstructure evolution and mechanical properties, Key Eng Mater, 554-557 (2013) 359-371

These changes will inevitably affect the existing PFA.
But some components’ properties may be changed (such as material properties) or replaced by an updated one.
They may be replaced by the updated one due to their material properties changes, process modification or structural optimization etc.
On the other hand, the PFA evolution is complex, and it involves in many factors.
The weight value of each influence factor, threshold value δ of degree of similarity and the threshold value ε of consumption quantity of component are all key factors which influence the PFA evolution outcome.

The study of ultrasonic properties like ultrasonic velocity, adiabatic compressibility, acoustical impedance and relaxation time of any biofuel determines its usage as potential biofuel [1].
At lower temperatures of pour point, dynamic viscosity of biodiesel increases with a decrease in temperature, which might be a sign to poor, cold flow properties of biodiesel [4].
Understanding the rheological properties with the processing is necessary to optimize the equipment and product quality.
Low-temperature Properties of Biodiesel: Rheological Behaviour and Crystallization Morphology.
Biodiesel production, properties, and feedstocks.

Table 1 illustrates the results of orthogonal array experiments, where ki is the mean value of yarn tensile strength or fabric K/S value for the factor at ith level, and R is the difference between extreme values of k, i.e. max(k1~ k4) – min(k1~ k4).
The bigger the R value, the more important the factor is for tensile strength and K/S value of the modified fabric.
Consequently, to preserve fabric tensile strength while achieving reasonable high color depth, the optimum levels for three factors tested were time for 1 hour, temperature at 40°C, and H2SO4 concentration at 2% w/w.
As UV affects the para-aramid fiber performance, in particular, mechanical properties, the work of light fastness and UV protection of dyed Kevlar fabrics will be reported in our future publications.
Tesoro, Effect of surface-limited reactions on the properties of kevlar® fibers, Text.

The excellent mechanical properties of these alloys are attributed to specific deformation mechanisms, such as mechanical twinning and deformation induced martensitic transformations, the activation of which is controlled by the low stacking fault energy of austenite.
The temperature dependence of the recrystallization time (Fig. 2b) followed an Arrhenius-type relation (3) where QRX is the apparent activation enthalpy of recrystallization, and is the preexponential factor, i.e. the recrystallization time at infinite temperature.
In case of site saturated nucleation and non-constant growth rate, assuming a random distribution of nucleation sites and isotropic nucleus growth, the recrystallized volume fraction can be expressed as [12] (7) where N is the number of nuclei and f is a shape factor.
Both effects, recovery and reverse transformation to S-oriented austenite at the beginning of annealing affected the texture evolution in Fe-21.6Mn-0.38C alloy.
This indicates that the change in C content from 0.38% to 0.57% practically does not affect the texture development.