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Online since: October 2014
Authors: Е.A. Lozhkina, N.V. Stepanova, A.A. Razumakov
Previously it was showed that copper addition to steel and cast iron leads to its coefficient of friction reduction.
Increase of copper content up to 6.57 wt. % led to the reduction of the thickness of the chilled layer.
The obtained results correlated with the data presented in [5, 6].
Increase of copper content up to 6.57 wt. % led to the reduction of the thickness of the chilled layer.
The obtained results correlated with the data presented in [5, 6].
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Liga Berzina-Cimdina, Kristaps Rubenis, Nina Mironova-Ulmane, Agnese Pura, Natalija Borodajenko, Jurijs Ozolins
These results are in good agreement with the data obtained from IR spectra (Fig.1b).
The proposed reduction treatment under high vacuum conditions at 1250-1400oC is a simple way to reduce TiO2 to non-stoichiometric titanium dioxide TiO2-x.
Sato, Thermoelectric properties of non-stoichiometric titanium dioxide TiO2-x fabricated by reduction treatment using carbon powder, Mater.
The proposed reduction treatment under high vacuum conditions at 1250-1400oC is a simple way to reduce TiO2 to non-stoichiometric titanium dioxide TiO2-x.
Sato, Thermoelectric properties of non-stoichiometric titanium dioxide TiO2-x fabricated by reduction treatment using carbon powder, Mater.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Maryam Abdolhosseinzadeh, Niloofar Khodamoradi
Therefore, it can be concluded that reduction of W0 led to simultaneous reduction of the average diameter and the amount of synthesized copper nanoparticles.
The obtained UV data shows the effect of aging time on the preparation of CuO nanoparticles in which complete conversion of CuCl2 to Cu occurs at 24 h.
The obtained UV data shows the effect of aging time on the preparation of CuO nanoparticles in which complete conversion of CuCl2 to Cu occurs at 24 h.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Li Ping Liu, Xiu Feng Cao
Aging was the relaxation process of coating materials that occured in its glassy state resulting from its nonequilibrium state accompanying by a reduction in the level of free volume, enthalpy, entropy and glass transition temperature of the coatings[3].
If the temperature exceeded the dissociation energy of polymer chemical bond, the molecular chain would degradate resulting in discoloration, embrittlement and strength reduction.
These techniques gave data that could be correlated with performance [28], but (with the possible exception of contact angle) they did not provide atomicscale details of degradation.
If the temperature exceeded the dissociation energy of polymer chemical bond, the molecular chain would degradate resulting in discoloration, embrittlement and strength reduction.
These techniques gave data that could be correlated with performance [28], but (with the possible exception of contact angle) they did not provide atomicscale details of degradation.
Online since: September 2015
Authors: M.P. Seabra, João A. Labrincha, L.H. Buruberri
One advantage of this type of clinker/cement is the decrease of the energy consumption (reduction of the clinkering temperature) and CO2 emissions.
This reduction has obvious procedural and economic benefits and results from the presence, in some of the wastes, of mineralizing impurities (e.g. alkali).
Duda, Cement Data Book, Volume 1: Process Engineering in the Cement Industry, third ed., Bauverlag Gmb H, Wiesbaden und Berlin (1985)
This reduction has obvious procedural and economic benefits and results from the presence, in some of the wastes, of mineralizing impurities (e.g. alkali).
Duda, Cement Data Book, Volume 1: Process Engineering in the Cement Industry, third ed., Bauverlag Gmb H, Wiesbaden und Berlin (1985)
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Shirish R. Kala, N. Siva Prasad, G. Phanikumar
Earlier works involved simplified models, but with reduction of computation cost, many process complexities are being incorporated to make more realistic models.
To determine the parameters of the law of Leblond for the phase transformations, the data must be extracted from the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram.
The distortion with cooling, show reduction in 0.48 mm i.e. 4.4% for without phase transformation and 2.53 mm i.e. 22.1% for with phase transformation.
To determine the parameters of the law of Leblond for the phase transformations, the data must be extracted from the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram.
The distortion with cooling, show reduction in 0.48 mm i.e. 4.4% for without phase transformation and 2.53 mm i.e. 22.1% for with phase transformation.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: T.S. Lee, H.B. Choong
The highest reduction range is from 6,000 gallon/year to 500 gallon /year after switching from petroleum-based to soy oil based MWFs [3].
Data is collected and analyzed by software named Dewetron, 1000 sampling rate is used and 5v=5KN is selected in calibration mode before execute any cutting process.
Jayaram:Vegetable oils as a potential cutting fluid-An evolution, Tribology International 43,issue 5-6, (2010), pp. 1073-1081 [3] Waste Reduction Center University of Northern Iowa Cedar Falls: Soy metal working fluid Iowa on www.iwrc.org/downloads/pdf/CompanyA.pdf [4] T.S.Lee, C.F.How: A Study of Cutting Process Characteristics Using Organic and Inorganic Coolant, Proceedings of IEEE 2nd international conference of Mechanical and Electronics Engineering (ICMEE), 2010 2nd International, Vol.1, pp. 179-183, (Aug 2010)
Data is collected and analyzed by software named Dewetron, 1000 sampling rate is used and 5v=5KN is selected in calibration mode before execute any cutting process.
Jayaram:Vegetable oils as a potential cutting fluid-An evolution, Tribology International 43,issue 5-6, (2010), pp. 1073-1081 [3] Waste Reduction Center University of Northern Iowa Cedar Falls: Soy metal working fluid Iowa on www.iwrc.org/downloads/pdf/CompanyA.pdf [4] T.S.Lee, C.F.How: A Study of Cutting Process Characteristics Using Organic and Inorganic Coolant, Proceedings of IEEE 2nd international conference of Mechanical and Electronics Engineering (ICMEE), 2010 2nd International, Vol.1, pp. 179-183, (Aug 2010)
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Zhen Liu, Yun An Hu
There are so many improvements in the QEA, the fuse of two or more evolutionary algorithm can efficiently promote the performance of the QEA, Ding et al. proposed a quantum frog-leaping algorithm for the rough attribute reduction which an promote the achieve better results than before[9], Jiao et al. proposed the quantum-inspired immune clonal algorithm, simulation results show that the improved algorithm performs well[10], Li et al. proposed the new quantum ant optimization, which uses phase encoded[11].
Simulation results for the dynamic knapsack problems.DQABC and QEA are compared on the dynamic knapsack problems, and the data that used for simulation can be got from literature [1].The scale of problems can be set 100, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000, the two algorithms run for twenty times and the statistical results are listed as Table4.
“Efficient rough attribute reduction based on quantum frog-leaping co-evolution”, ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA, Vol.39(2011): pp. 2597-2603(In Chinese)
Simulation results for the dynamic knapsack problems.DQABC and QEA are compared on the dynamic knapsack problems, and the data that used for simulation can be got from literature [1].The scale of problems can be set 100, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000, the two algorithms run for twenty times and the statistical results are listed as Table4.
“Efficient rough attribute reduction based on quantum frog-leaping co-evolution”, ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA, Vol.39(2011): pp. 2597-2603(In Chinese)
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Larisa Grigorieva, Mihail G. Bruyako, Aleksandra Grigorieva, Irina Ivanova
NLTP treatment causes increase in specific surface along with reduction of average grain size of zeolite.
However, it should be noted that long duration of NLTP treatmentcauseslocal heating of material and its surface meltingresulting into specific porosity reduction and therefore decrease in soption capacity (Figure 1).
The obtained data has shown substantial growth of chemical sorption of NLTP treated zeolites with all investigated sorbates (Figure 3).
However, it should be noted that long duration of NLTP treatmentcauseslocal heating of material and its surface meltingresulting into specific porosity reduction and therefore decrease in soption capacity (Figure 1).
The obtained data has shown substantial growth of chemical sorption of NLTP treated zeolites with all investigated sorbates (Figure 3).