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Although, commonly smaller cracks (<0.2mm) are considered as unproblematic and do not affect the strength properties of concrete, influence the material permeability and porosity based on the composition of the concrete [5].
The objective of this review study is to present in-depth information and comparison for the most recent types of bacteria that can affect on self-healing properties by enhancing their strength significantly.
Adding an inappropriate amount of precursor can negatively affect concrete properties, such as lowering final compressive strength [10].
Moreover, it founded out the positive and negative effects of microorganism on the mechanical properties of the concrete, particularly, compressive strength.
“Properties of Bacterial Rice Husk Ash Concrete.”

The present study aims to quantify the properties of Ga-bearing near- titanium alloys in order to aid the future design of new compositions with Ga addition.
However, the effect of different amounts of Ga and Sn with an almost constant value but no more than 9 of the Al equivalence on mechanical properties has not been well understood.
Texture influences properties where large amount of plastic deformation is involved.
May be Grain boundary texture can affect the Creep rate under grain boundary sliding or grain boundary diffusion, but not blk texture.
Grain size, misorientation angles and grain aspect ratios were not significantly affected by Ga addition.

And the unmelted powder particles can easily attach to the inclined plane towards the light that affects the roughness of the parts.
The errors caused by accidental factors will produce tiny deviation between ΔZ and the single-layer thickness, and the tiny deviation will lead to significant influence on the forming process of the parts [2].
This method can eliminate the various unfavorable factors generated by visual observation to ensure the accuracy of the height.
In actual forming process, many factors will have an impact on the quality of molding surface, the most important of which is the phenomenon of surface oxidation and sticky powder.
Analysis of microstructure and properties Analysis of microstructure To observe the microstructure of the forming part, the metallographic sample is produced with the side wall of the thin-walled part, and respectively microstructures of the bottom, the middle and the top are taken photos.

Jacobson[1] have studied how the surface integrity of bainite steels was affected by hard turning with different cutting speeds.
However, when Hioki[3] machined AISI H13 on a CNC machining center with ball end cutter, he found that cutting speed did not significantly affect the 3D roughness parameters.
Some waves are related to machining parameters, some waves are determined by the material’s properties, and the others have a relationship with vibration in the machining process.
The roughness of frequency band D5 is almost the largest that means the feed per tooth and radial depth of cut are the main factors influencing the surface roughness.
Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 35 (2013) 537-553

The test results indicate that LTV may be realized by stepped compound horn under single acoustic excitation, and the vibration frequency is close to the simulation result, and its vibration properties are good.
As shown in Fig. 2, the number of the diagonal slits n, the length l and width b of the diagonal slits affect the number of incident longitudinal wave with certain inclination.
The diameter of output end d and the position of the diagonal slits L3 affect energy loss of the converted shear and longitudinal wave.
(a) Impedance test (b) Amplitude test Fig. 8 Scene test The test results shows that the resonance frequency of the acoustic system is 19883.6 Hz, and the factor of mechanical quality Qm is 2324.82, the longitudinal amplitude is 8 μm and the tangential amplitude is 6.3 μm.
The deviation might be caused mainly by the inconformity of the actual and supposed material mechanical properties of the horn.

The mechanical behavior of ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the fiber and the matrix, but also on the fiber-matrix bonding.
The pressure in the reactor was monitored with a capacitance manometer and controlled at 5 torr with a throttle valve located between the reactor and the mechanical pump.
Therefore, the nature of the interface between the fibers and the matrix is one of the key factors for determining the material performance in fiber reinforced composites [1].
The thickness and the constituent of the interlayer significantly affect the properties of fiber reinforced composite [8].
Considering the matrix filling behavior and the flexural strength, the SiC whisker growing assisted method should be a promising technology for the fabrication of SiCf/SiC composites with improved properties.

However, many factors tend to accelerate the deterioration of the existing bridge structures, for instance, increasing of aged bridges, increased traffic volume and excessive truck weights, severity of the environmental conditions, and low-level maintenance decision-making.
Meanwhile, the reinforced concrete slab affects the elevation of the bridge deck, some adjustments should be conducted to the deck profile grade.
In fact, the original work system has been changed, there are some different mechanical properties between the new and old work system after strengthening.
According to above mechanical properties, the structural analysis of bridges reinforced with external prestressing can be divided into two phases: the prestressing and live load
Properties of FRP in comparison with steel (4) Steel-sticking technologies: When there are low load-carrying capacity, serious rusted rebars and lateral cracks in main girders of the bridge, the steel plates can be attached to the tensile zones with adhesives and anchor bolts to replace the reinforcement and improve the bridge bearing capacity.

During bending and unbending of metal sheets, there phenomena which affect the final result of shape formation during the stamping process are occurring.
The above-mentioned effects of the phenomena occurring in the material during cyclic plastic strain, affect the accuracy of determining the springback value in the simulation of sheet stamping process to varying degrees.
The material constants (Young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio ν) assigned to type 20 material do not cause its elastic properties.
It is worth to pay attention to the factors which have a significant impact on the consistence: 1.
Uemori, A model of large strain cyclic plasticity and its application to springback simulation, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 45 (2003) 1687–1702.

Experimental Studies of a Precision Tool Setting Method for Micro tool Based On the Principle of Electric Breakdown in Micro Gap Zhiyao Xu, Zhijing Zhang a *, Xin Jin and Yongjun Deng School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China azhijingzhang@bit.edu.cn Keywords: Non-contact tool setting, Electrical breakdown, Micro tool, High Precision Abstract.
(2) DFN is the threshold electric field required for field emission and is a function of the cathode material and surface properties and can be written as (3) where φ is the work function of the cathode, β is the geometric enhancement factor.
The current-gap cures of 5 new φ0.5mm milling cutters in atmospheric air when the electric potential is 30V with gap ranging from 5μm down to 0 4.4 The impact of the tool wear Figure 8 illustrates the electric breakdown mainly appears in the tip of the milling cutter, and the tool wear also appears in the tip, so the tool wear will affect the tool setting.
There are mainly two factors affected the accuracy of gap, one is the positioning accuracy of the micro stage, another is the deformation caused by the contact force.

Sujan1, d 1 Mechanical Engineering Department Curtin University Sarawak, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Malaysia 2Deep Water Research Cluster, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia  3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (FOSTEM), INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia amesfingizaw@curtin.edu.my, b tamiru.lemma@petronas.com.my, cabdulwehabadem.ibrahim@newinti.edu.my, dD.sujan@curtin.edu.my Keywords: Heat Recovery, Steam Generator, Modeling, Simulation Abstract.
As highlighted by Ong'iro, Ugursal, et al. [9], development of a suitable model is affected by many factors.
However, regardless of the situation therein, accurate model need to be used as the HRSG works in synchronous with the gas turbine hence affecting accuracy of the prediction on the overall performance.
All the required empirical equations for the calculation of properties of air, exhaust gas, and steam are taken from literature [11] and standard gas tables [12].
Pinch and Approach Temperatures: Performance of the HRSG is affected by pinch point temperature, approach temperature, and pressure drop.