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An oedometer-based method for preparing reconstituted clay samples Jie Yin1,2, a, Yong-hong Miao1,b 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013 China 2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA a jyin34@wisc.edu b yhmiao2008@163.com Keywords: samples; reconstituted clay; mechanical behavior; oedometer test.
How to quantitatively assess the influence of soil structure on the mechanical behavior of natural clays is important in geotechnical engineering practice.
J. (1990): ‘Clay sediments in depositional basin: the Geotechnical Cycle’, The Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrology, 33(1), pp. 7-39
R., Lin Lin, et.al. (2000): ‘Oedometer-based technique of silt sample’, Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 22(3), pp. 379-380.
(in Chinese) [7] Sridharan, A., Gurtug, Y. (2005): ‘compressibility characteristics of soils’, Geotechnical and geological engineering’, 23, pp. 615-634.

Introduction With modern civil engineering aiming to higher and large-spanned structures, how to reduce the self-weight of structure while ensuring its structure capacity is becoming one of the present heated issues [1].
Concrete is the most widely-used civil engineering material presently, so its lightness is of great importance [2].
This shortcoming prevents HSLWAC from being widely used in civil engineering.
References [1] Yinzhan Lei, Xiang Dong: Introduction to Civil Engineering (China Electric Power Press, China 2009).
(In Chinese) [2] Changjun Ke, Keshuan Ma, Jingjie Yang, Xiang Dong: Civil Engineering Materials (Science Press, China 2010).

In civil engineering the steel bars usually are arranged outside of the reinforced concrete beams in order to reduce the maximum tensile stress of the beam surface.
(In Chinese) [4] Du Jinsheng, Liu Xila : China Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 36 (2003), p.12.
(In Chinese) [5] Niu Bin: China Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 36 (2000), p.7.
(In Chinese) [6] Sun Hai, Huang Dingye, Wang Zengchun, Yi Faan: China Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 33 (2000), p. 25.
(In Chinese) [8] Niu Bin: China Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 04(1999), p.37.

Fang 3 1 State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian Univ. of Tech., Dalian,China 2 School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu Univ., Shenyang,China 3 Graduate school of Environment Information Sciences, Yokohama National Univ., Yokohama,Japan Keywords: FBG, Strain Sensor, Lag Time, Measurement of Dynamic Strain, Frequency Abstract.
The results show that the FBG strain sensor is applicable to the measurement of low frequency vibration in engineering.
Types of FBG Strain Sensors and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis Installation of bare FBG sensors on components of civil structures may result in a high rate of sensor failure owing to the fragile nature of the glass fiber and the harsh environment of the construction industry.
As noted above, a bare FBG used as sensor in civil and structural engineering must be protected.
The important aspect of the design of these FBG sensors is their packaging for engineering applications.

SMA fatigue in civil engineering applications Fabio Casciati 1 , Lucia Faravelli 1 , A.
In earthquakes engineering standard conditions require that, after several years or decades at rest, an excellent performance is necessary for one or two minutes, i.e., nearly 200 working oscillations.
Conclusions The fatigue lifetime of a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is largely sufficient for dampers to be used in civil structures as aseismic passive devices.
Isalgue, Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Damper Equipped with a Passive Adaptive Pre-straining Mechanism , Ninth Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2007 [3] V.
Lovey, Built in Dampers for Family Homes via SMA: An ANSYS Computation Scheme based on Mesoscopic and Microscopic Experimental Analyses, Engineering Structures, 29, 2007, 1889-1902 [5] F.

In this paper, the initial spatial finite element model of the Jing Yue Yangtze River Highway Bridge was established by use of MIDAS/CIVIL software, which was the large-span, unequal height pylons and mixed beam cable-stayed bridge [3].
The layout of Jing Yue Yangtze river highway bridge The calculation and analysis of the whole structure used the professional software MIDAS/CIVIL, and established the finite element model of the bridge structure.
The data table above shows, MIDAS/CIVIL results compared with the target cable force average error is less than 5%, indicate that the MIDAS/CIVIL cable tension force optimization results are reliable and the reasonable finished bridge state is correct.
Ambient vibration-based seismic evaluation of a continuous girder bridge.Engineering Structures.2004.631~640
The finite element model updating of civil engineering structure based on the ambient vibration [D].FuZhou University PhD thesis,2005,5：156~168.

The layer structure is a common structural form in the civil air defence.
Introduce Civil air defence projects of single-built type usually use the integral and layer structure [1, 2].
So for some important civil air defence projects which have to withstand the act of conventional weapons and nuclear weapons, the layer structure can be used when the geological conditions are not suitable to build single-built open engineering [1].
Protection engineering, 2006, 28 (6):7-12(in Chinese) [4] DING Qiaoai, WEI Mingshan, el at.
Protection engineering, 2009, 31 (6):32-35(in Chinese)

Box 6103, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA 2Zhejiang University of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, China 310014 afei.dai@mail.wvu.edu, bbridge@zjut.edu.cn Keywords: Construction, graphic methods, visual sensing, 3D models, measurement, visualization Abstract.
This is inconvenient for engineers to access these data for investigation.
Ming-Fung Siu, a prior senior civil engineering student at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, was instructed to apply the developed photo-augmenting method to visualizing the progresses of the tunneling project independently.
Walters, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 131 (2005) 377-384
Vela, Journal of construction engineering and management 139 (2013) 69-79.

Many civil engineering projects are built in gypseous regions which considered one of the common problems in that regions.
Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq (1997)
Athanasopoulou, Addition of lime and fly ash to improve highway subgrade soils, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 26(4) 2014 773-775
Tyoyila, Evaluation of sawdust ash–stabilized lateritic soil as highway pavement material, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(2) 2014 367-373
[28] British Standard Institution, Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, 1990.

Fast Inverse-Analysis Calculation of Diffusion Coefficient for Salt Transport in Porous Building Materials Igor Medveď1, 2, a *, Zbyšek Pavlík2, b, Milena Pavlíková2, c, and Robert Černý2, d 1Department of Physics, Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia 2Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic aimedved@ukf.sk, bpavlikz@fsv.cvut.cz, cmilena.pavlikova@fsv.cvut.cz, dcernyr@fsv.cvut.cz *corresponding author Keywords: Diffusion coefficient, concentration profile, diffusion-advection model, inverse analysis.
It is argued that the approach is fast and reliable and can be very convenient in various civil engineering applications dealing with the transport of salts in porous building materials.
Although this analytical approach cannot provide an analysis of the thermodynamics and kinetics of salts transport in porous media, it is a very useful tool for practical engineering calculations.