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Online since: May 2012
Authors: Li Bin Fu, Ying Zhang
The raw materials used in this test were: Beijing Xingang 42.5 ordinary portland cement, the gravel with particle size of 5~10mm, Zhuozhou river pebbles with particle size of 5~10mm as the coarse aggregate, Langfang river sand as the fine aggregate, naphthalene series superplasticizer as the high efficiency water reducing agent whose water reduction rate is 20%.
The data gotten from the test are shown in Table 2.
Due to the characteristics that being sensitivity on its structure defect strength of the ecological pervious concrete, the strength data presented an obvious dispersion, so more data should be obtained through further tests to get the accurate relationship among the strength.
Online since: June 2017
Authors: Vyacheslav V. Maksarov, A. Khalimonenko
The absence of binding phase brings about a significant reduction of the ceramic cutting materials softening during its heating, reduced tools wear and its increased plastic strength [5].
For determining the composition and microstrictural parameters of VOK 63 grade oxide-carbide ceramics in specially prepared samples of cutting bits, we used computer software allowing to perform their comprehensive analysis, including the possibility of automatic counting and automatic measurements of the objects under study, sorting the obtained data and tracking the selected objects.
Processing of the data obtained in the process of studying the selected oxide-carbide ceramic bits has revealed that average carbide grain sizes (D) are within the range from 1.1 to 2.9 μm, their quantity in the square under study (H) is within the range from 19 to 52, the total length of grain boundary (С) amounts to 4.9...8.1 · 1/mm2 · 102, porosity percentage is within the range from 7 to 14%.
Measurement data demonstrated that the bit that covered the shortest distance before failure had average carbide grain diameter 2.2 μm, their total quantity in the square under study amounted to Н = 21 grains, the total length of grain boundary С = 7.76 · 1/mm2 · 102, porosity percentage was equal to 12%.
Online since: December 2003
Authors: J.W. Choi, E.K. Kwak, T.G. Kwon, Young Keun Jeong, Kyung Sik Oh, Hong In Shin, Hyung M. Cho, H.M. Ryoo
The in vivo test was carried out by implanting Ag-HAps in artificial bone defects at the periapical area of both mandibular 1 st molar of rats and no remarkable cytotoxicity was found unlike what was observed in the in vitro data.
These findings were similar to our previous data obtained from disc-shaped Ag-doped HAps with various Ag contents.
Radiographically the implanted Ag-doped HAps within periapical defects of mandibular 1st molar area of both sides induced gradual reduction of defect size with time, regardless of Ag contents.
Our data suggest that HAps doped with Ag up to 4.3% can be an effective bone filler with antimicrobial properties for infection-associated bony defects.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Cheng Ming Chen, Hui Wang, Yong Tang, Xun Zhang
Results Critical Fusion Frequency (CFF) CFF was a significant index that evaluated visual fatigue and CFF reduction showed that visual fatigue level increased [2].
The experiment data showed that CFF of each subject was reduced after watching a video clip.
CFF data of all subjects before the experiment, after watching OLED and LCD tablet-PCs were shown in Fig. 1 Fig.1 CFF of 12 subjects Eye Blink Frequency (BF) In previous works, numbers of blink were used to evaluate visual fatigue and an increase of BF reflects higher visual fatigue [2,4].
The objective data were consistent with subjective questionnaire survey.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Y. Kim, Soo Ryong Kim, Woo Teck Kwon, Hyung Sun Kim, Seong Min Jeong, Dong Geun Shin, Kang Huk Lee
This is detrimental to the AlN nucleation process. [4] Other significant problem of the oxygen impurity is the reduction of thermal conductivity and suspected to the formation of stacking faults in the AlN crystal. [4] Other important factor in PVT method is highly packing of the powders that are depending on the particle size distribution.
(a) (b) Fig. 2 (a) Particle size distribution of AlN powders of initial and after thermocyclic heat treatments (b) XRD data of AlN powders of initial and after thermocyclic heat treatments.
Table 1 shows that chemical analysis data of AlN powders of initial and after thermocycle.
Chemical analysis data of AlN powders Impurities (%) AlN Thermocycled AlN O 1.47 0.34 C 0.03 0.02 Sn 0.02 - Na 0.02 0.02 S 0.01 0.01 P 0.01 - Ca 0.01 - Fe <0.01 - Mg <0.01 - AlN purity 98.4 99.6 Summary In this work, we studied the thermocyclic effect on the purification and growth of AlN powder.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Dan Li, Jiang Yue Tan, Bin Wang
Analytical methods for water qualities The COD was determined by the potassium dichromate method, BOD5 by the dilution method, pH by the glass electrode method, MLSS by the standard method ,p-nitroaniline by uv spectrophotometry, nitrobenzene by reduction-azo photometric method.
treatment effect ultrasonic power removal rate of p-nitroaniline removal rate of nitrobenzene removal rate of COD /W / % / % / % 0 59.6 54.2 69.4 6 84.7 81.5 80.3 8 90.2 86.3 84.5 10 97.8 94.3 90.6 12 96.6 93.4 88.2 14 93.5 91.3 82.0 The test data
frequency removal rate of p-nitroaniline removal rate of nitrobenzene removal rate of COD /Hz / % / % / % 0 59.6 54.2 69.4 15 91.7 87.5 83.9 20 93.2 90.6 86.5 25 97.8 94.3 90.6 30 97.2 94.0 90.2 35 96.3 93.4 89.2 It can be seen from the test data
irradiation time removal rate of p-nitroaniline removal rate of nitrobenzene removal rate of COD /min / % / % / % 0 59.6 54.2 69.4 5 80.7 77.3 79.2 10 88.0 85.1 84.1 15 97.8 94.3 90.6 20 96.7 93.5 87.5 25 94.1 92.0 81.4 It can be seen from the test data
Online since: April 2009
Authors: Nak Kyu Lee, Geun An Lee, Hye Jin Lee, A. Ruem Han, Jung Han Song
And we analyzed micro strain data of 99.9% nickel thin foil material.
The error in test data can be possible to occur because of irregular distribution characteristic of two points.
tan , tan y y x x θ θ = = l l l l (1) (a) (b) (c) Fig.1 Schematic description of strain measurement analysis: (a) point P1 and P2 of test film using gauge maker; (b) center of point using quadrangle; (c) tangent rule for the parallelism Fig.2 Applied two principles in software shape for reduce to test data error Fig.3 System of Micro strain measurement (a) (b) Fig.4 Deformation of micro thin film specimens with the thickness of 500㎛ at RT : (a) before experiment ; (b) after experiment 0 20 40 60 80 0 100 200 300 400 500 stress(MPa) strain(%) L2W1_ASM L2W1_VSM L2W2_ASM L2W2_VSM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 stress(MPa) strain(%) L2W1_ASM
And CCD camera of the area range 30*29(mm w/o optics), pixel size is 7.4µm × 7.4µm specific and harmony geared step motor of reduction ratio 1:100 was used for precision measurement.
Online since: August 2004
Authors: Gon Ho Kim, Jang Sik Han, Kang Ho Ahn
The particle concentration and the current are monitored and recorded by a personal computer for further data analysis.
The plasma diagnostic system consists of Langmuir probe, OP Amp, function generator, 2 channel oscilloscope, and the data acquisition and storage system.
Fig. 5 shows the raw data of the particle concentration measured with CPC and the current as a function of time when 50nm Al2O3 particles are introduced into the plasma chamber.
This may be caused by NaCl particle size reduction effect when the NaCl particle is exposed in the plasma region.
Online since: May 2005
Authors: Michael G. Spencer, A. Matulionis, O. Kiprijanovič, L. Ardaravičius, Ho Young Cha, Y.C. Choi, Lester F. Eastman
The reduction in the Schottky barrier height is given by [4] s bieffbi Eq EVV πε α 4 . −−=
The solid lines in Fig. 2 (b) are the measured data of a fabricated device.
Fig. 3 shows the comparison of the gate bias dependent cut-off frequency between simulation results and measured data at Vds = 20 V.
The simulation results have the same trend as the measured data though a trivial difference is observed between the values.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Natalya Valentinovna Makarova, Marina Vasilyevna Polonik
(14) Reduction of surface integral to repeat integral allows receiving the integrated solution:
Comparisons of the calculated results by equations (18), (19) with experimental data are shown in Fig. 4.
Comparisons of the calculated results by equations (18), (19) with experimental data Summary The following conclusions have been obtained: 1.
Comparisons of the calculated results with experimental data have shown that the offered model can be used for optimization of concrete structure. 4.
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