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Saboori et al., 2006 have determined the extrusion energy for the two optimal conical and curved dies, for aluminum and lead billets, in forward and backward extrusion by using FEM with verification of experimental data.
All the input data generated in the pre-processor can be saved (i) in a text form which enables the user to access the input data through any text editor; and/or (ii) in a binary form which is used by the simulation engine (Kim et al., 1994) explained below.
Punch travel for For 40% reduction 70% reduction Fig.7.
The computed results for different area reductions are shown in Table 1.
The extrusion pressure has been predicted for different reductions.

The efficiency of the proposed method was evaluated with the real intrusion data.
The effectiveness of the proposed method is valued by analyzing the real data.
The proposed network intrusion detection processes are given as follows: Step 1: Pre-treat the original network intrusion data to standardized data format.
The real practice data was applied to the validation of the proposed approach.
Niyogi, “Laplacian Eigenmaps for Dimensionality Reduction and Data Representation,” Neural Comput., vol. 15, pp. 1373–1396, June 2003

(B) Data from Chen et al. (2019).
(C)Data from Nakano et al. (2020).
(B) Data from Chen et al. (2019).
(C)Data from Nakano et al. (2020).
(B) Data from Chen et al. (2019).

The influences of wedge corner , stretch corner and reduction of area on the strain and rolling force are discussed.
Geometrical models of different parameters such as D0, L, ,, and l , i.e. the parameterized geometrical models, can be obtained by the command REGENERATE in MENU MANAGER of Pro/E with select parameters to be changed and inputting the corresponding data.
Fig.6 The effect of the wedge corner Fig.7 The effect of the stretch corner Reduction of area.
Reduction of area.
TimeHist data of the strain and rolling force are obtained with the TimeHist Postproc of ANSYS/LS-DYNA, the effect of wedge corner, stretch corner and reduction of area on the strain and rolling force are discussed in detail.

Comparison of experimental data of the fuzzy logic controller type-2 and type-1 clearly indicates the superiority of the former, particularly in reducing signal overshoots.
The difference between fuzzy logic membership function: a) type-1 (one triangle), b) type-2 [1] According to Fig. 1 output data is not constant as in type-1 but it constitutes a set of memberships that are fuzzy, and that is why it is often called the "fuzzy-fuzzy set".
For each α-plane centroid type-reduction by Karnik-Mendel algorithms is performed individually to obtain an interval.
Comparison of experimental data of the fuzzy logic controller type-2 and type-1 clearly indicates the superiority of the former, especially in reducing overshoots (T2 vs.
Feilong: An Efficient Centroid Type Reduction Strategy For General Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System.

The reduction of nucleation field decreases exponentially with increasing incident irradiation intensity.
Introduction The ferroelectric material, lithium niobate (LiNbO3), is widely researched for various applications, such as nonlinear frequency converters, photonic band-gap devices, electro-optic Bragg switches, and data storage.
Fig.2 Plot showing the reduction proportion of nucleation field vs the incident irradiation intensity at 488 nm.
The plot in Fig.2 shows the reduction proportion of nucleation field En(I)/En(I=0) versus incident laser intensities at 488 nm.
It is evident from the plot that there is a threshold value for the intensity, and no reduction is observed below this value.

The reduction of the total machining time of a workpiece on a machining centre is obtained through: the reduction of the machining time, reduction of tool and workpiece changing time.
The reduction gear box isn`t chosen and the parameter which we consider is the acceleration of the mobile element, namely the pallet.
We initially consider that reduction gear box gears inertia is negligible and so are the friction moments and the inertia of the drive chain coupled with the reduction gear box`s shaft; the transmission efficiency is considered to be ideal, η = 1.
Therefore the geometrical spot of the maximum transmission ratio when the mechanical data is varied is a straight line which passes through the origin.
Conclusions The productivity of machining centres is increased through the reduction of auxiliary times of changing tools and workpieces.

The TPR curves showed peaks of reduction of the NiO species, and reduction of nickel present in the NiAl2O4.
Then, the data were collected at fixed intervals of time (15min).
Fig. 1 – X-ray diffractograms of NiAl2O4 catalysts Through a refining analysis of the XRD data it was possible to obtain the mass percentage of the formed phases.
Fig. 4 – TPR profiles of NiAl2O4 catalysts It was observed that the sample UES presented a low temperature reduction peak at around 350°C that can be assigned to the reduction of NiO species interacting weakly with the support.
These samples with excess urea (10UE and 20UE) also presented a reduction peak at around 500°C referring to the reduction of NiO dispersed on the surface, and a very intense peak centered at 950º C, which can be attributed to the reduction of nickel in NiAl2O4 spinel [20, 21].

The higher coping reduction at labial margin, the higher the fracture resistance and standard deviation.
Final preparation (A), tooth models before and after preparation (B), 3D data for both tooth models (C), and software analysis for preparation thickness (D).
Digital data of tooth dimension were obtained with lab scanner (Fig. 2A).
The tip of the plunger would slide along palatal surface of crown during loading, therefore caused inconsistency in fracture resistance data.
In addition, we suggested that more samples are needed in order to get more significant data for the similar study in the future.

Compared with the conventional thermal reduction process, the hydrogen palsma reduction process would require merely 1/10 reaction time.
It means the reduction of both the required energy and the processin time.
Results and Discussion The XRD patterns of JCPDS (39-1256) data for Sr2SiO4 powder and Sr2SiO4:Eu thin films deposited on Si (100) substrates at substrate temperature 600 o C and the oxygen pressures of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mTorr are shown in Fig. 1.
All peaks of the XRD patterns of the as-deposited thin films are consistent with the JCPDS (39-1256) data of Sr2SiO4 as shown in Fig. 1.
That is, most of Eu 3+ ions was reduced to Eu 2+ ions by the hydrogen plasma reduction process.