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Online since: December 2013
Authors: Hang Wen, Jing Nan Dong, Mian Chen
In this interval gray fine-grained lithic quartz sandstone, gray argillaceous siltstone and gray mudstone are interbedded in unequal thick.
Table 1 Hole enlargement rate of vertical section in Shun 9 block Number Depth (m) Mean hole enlargement rate Maximum hole enlargement rate Shun 9 4772.5-5436 8.55% 57.87% Shun 901 4720.5-5630 7.97% 69.38% Shun 902H 4748.1-5250 10.40% 61.5% Shun 903H 4772-5661 4.04% 12.16% Comparison and analysis of hole diameters among deviated section.
Table 2 Hole enlargement rate of deviated section in Shun 9 block Number Formation in which the mud type altered Depth (m) Mean hole enlargement rate Maximum hole enlargement rate Shun 9CH Upper sand rock subsection of Kepingtage formation 4749-5736.5 8.63% 24.73% Shun 902H 5060-5663 7.46% 24.35% Shun 903H 5173-6031 4.17% 10.00% Shun 9-1H Mudstone section in Tataaiertage formation 4761-5868.5 11.39% 32.67% Taking the particularity of angle buildup interval into consideration, when analyzing bottom hole accident, we should start from well track angle.
Table 3 Comparison of borehole enlargement rate, well track, mud density and type in separate deviated sections Number Depth (m) CAL (in) Hole enlargement rate Deviation angle Drift azimuth Mud density Mud type Shun9CH 5400-5550 9-10 17% 30-45° 130-150° 1.45g/cm3 Oil based 5600-5700 9-10 17% 60-75° 130-135° Shun 902H 5400-5660 9-11 29.4% 30-75° 300° 1.34g/cm3 Water based 5700-5800 12-13 81.0% 75-90° 300° 1.7 g/cm3 Oil based Shun 903H The hole well section Bore hole is inerratic —— 320° 1.43-1.45g/cm3 Shun 9-1H 5300-5800 9-10 17% 30-60° 180° 1.5g/cm3 Difficulties in drilling Shun 9 area has complex geological conditions, it is expansive in transverse distribution and has a large geological age span of the drilled formation, diversified geological features, deep burial depth of reservoir and so on.
Table 1 Hole enlargement rate of vertical section in Shun 9 block Number Depth (m) Mean hole enlargement rate Maximum hole enlargement rate Shun 9 4772.5-5436 8.55% 57.87% Shun 901 4720.5-5630 7.97% 69.38% Shun 902H 4748.1-5250 10.40% 61.5% Shun 903H 4772-5661 4.04% 12.16% Comparison and analysis of hole diameters among deviated section.
Table 2 Hole enlargement rate of deviated section in Shun 9 block Number Formation in which the mud type altered Depth (m) Mean hole enlargement rate Maximum hole enlargement rate Shun 9CH Upper sand rock subsection of Kepingtage formation 4749-5736.5 8.63% 24.73% Shun 902H 5060-5663 7.46% 24.35% Shun 903H 5173-6031 4.17% 10.00% Shun 9-1H Mudstone section in Tataaiertage formation 4761-5868.5 11.39% 32.67% Taking the particularity of angle buildup interval into consideration, when analyzing bottom hole accident, we should start from well track angle.
Table 3 Comparison of borehole enlargement rate, well track, mud density and type in separate deviated sections Number Depth (m) CAL (in) Hole enlargement rate Deviation angle Drift azimuth Mud density Mud type Shun9CH 5400-5550 9-10 17% 30-45° 130-150° 1.45g/cm3 Oil based 5600-5700 9-10 17% 60-75° 130-135° Shun 902H 5400-5660 9-11 29.4% 30-75° 300° 1.34g/cm3 Water based 5700-5800 12-13 81.0% 75-90° 300° 1.7 g/cm3 Oil based Shun 903H The hole well section Bore hole is inerratic —— 320° 1.43-1.45g/cm3 Shun 9-1H 5300-5800 9-10 17% 30-60° 180° 1.5g/cm3 Difficulties in drilling Shun 9 area has complex geological conditions, it is expansive in transverse distribution and has a large geological age span of the drilled formation, diversified geological features, deep burial depth of reservoir and so on.
Online since: March 2004
Authors: Lei Wang, Toshiro Kobayashi, Chun Ming Liu
The Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 2
a) b) c) d)
100kgf
Load
0.5mm
Deflection
load calibration value for SG2 so obtained was used to convert the SG2 output to load for the high
velocity tests.
It has been reported [7] that the grain size strongly influenced on the fracture behavior under dynamic tensile loading.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 3 failure elongation of composite is less than 1%), the tensile strength was strongly influenced by changing of loading velocity than that of AC4CH.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 4 may be with the maximum shear stress).
It has been reported [7] that the grain size strongly influenced on the fracture behavior under dynamic tensile loading.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 3 failure elongation of composite is less than 1%), the tensile strength was strongly influenced by changing of loading velocity than that of AC4CH.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 4 may be with the maximum shear stress).
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Ya Jing Li, Qing Hua Zhang, Jie Xin Pu
White point is a regular circle; Dirty point
has a low grey level and a large area; Scratch mark is a long strip; Pockmark is a solid grain that
distributes randomly in the plate.
Area: the number of pixels contained in the region, denoted by A.
Table 2 Detection accuracy of defects Defects Sample number Detected number Detection accuracy White points 119 115 97.4% Scratch marks 88 85 96.6% Pockmarks 42 39 92.8% Dirty points 56 55 98.2% Sum 305 295 96.7% (3) Detection time: The PS plate we use is 8 bit grey image with the size of 2700×1620.
Area: the number of pixels contained in the region, denoted by A.
Table 2 Detection accuracy of defects Defects Sample number Detected number Detection accuracy White points 119 115 97.4% Scratch marks 88 85 96.6% Pockmarks 42 39 92.8% Dirty points 56 55 98.2% Sum 305 295 96.7% (3) Detection time: The PS plate we use is 8 bit grey image with the size of 2700×1620.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Yu Lin Li, Ming Fu Li, Wen Yang Luo, Chang Ge, Guang Yu Tan, Yuan Zhang
Machine reliability principles.During preprocessing the pepper spike, fruit grains will come off the stems, causing varying surface roughness, therefore need to consider preprocessing working part flexible or malleable force organizations to fully protect the preprocessing efficiency improvement.
Fig.2 The position structure of the feeding hopper and driving roller Arrangement designed to drive roller Fig.3 The arrangement structure of drive roller The numbers of upon and under drive rollers were n and n + 1, and the vertical center of the upon and under drive rollers are arranged from the arithmetic series, the gap between the upon and under drive roller is the sum of radius of the upon and under drive roller -2 times of the thickness of the belt, I.e., the thickness of the belt with negative clearance, to ensure that the pepper fruit when passing through the vertical gap between the driving rollers has sufficient force injury.
Under NO. and the scenario number corresponding is the number of per 100 not meet the pre-effect, the data collected at the test point 2 expressed with parentheses.
Fig.2 The position structure of the feeding hopper and driving roller Arrangement designed to drive roller Fig.3 The arrangement structure of drive roller The numbers of upon and under drive rollers were n and n + 1, and the vertical center of the upon and under drive rollers are arranged from the arithmetic series, the gap between the upon and under drive roller is the sum of radius of the upon and under drive roller -2 times of the thickness of the belt, I.e., the thickness of the belt with negative clearance, to ensure that the pepper fruit when passing through the vertical gap between the driving rollers has sufficient force injury.
Under NO. and the scenario number corresponding is the number of per 100 not meet the pre-effect, the data collected at the test point 2 expressed with parentheses.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Zhi Shou Zhu, Yong Qing Zhao, Hui Li, Liang Feng, Lian Zhou, Heng Lei Qu, Ming Qiang Li
When temperature increases from RT to 550 ℃, UTS & YS declined almost 50%, especially for YS and for alloy S1, while plasticity increases 2~10 times of that at RT; tough S1 alloy also exhibits the highest UTS strength, but S3 alloy occupied the second in UTS and the number one in YS, while S2 alloy becomes the number one in EL & RA.
When temperature increases continuously from 550 ℃ to 600 ℃, both UTS and YS of alloy S3 occupied the number one position, while S2 also with the lowest strength values.
Alloy S2 exhibits similar morphology with that of S1, but fewer amounts of particles, and primary b grains boundary is appeared after annealing (Fig.3 (d)).
When temperature increases continuously from 550 ℃ to 600 ℃, both UTS and YS of alloy S3 occupied the number one position, while S2 also with the lowest strength values.
Alloy S2 exhibits similar morphology with that of S1, but fewer amounts of particles, and primary b grains boundary is appeared after annealing (Fig.3 (d)).
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Hiroki Saito, Yuji Ichikawa, Jiyuan Cui, Kazuhiro Ogawa, Makoto Nakashima, Atsushi Suzuki, Fumio Sato
In addition, Fig. 5 shows a large number of microcracks generated at the interface.
Additionally, a large number of vertical cracks were observed near the interface, indicating that the interface is a relatively weak region.
Conversely, in addition to the release of residual stresses at the interface, Fig. 6(b) shows a significant number of cracks at the interface, indicating that the degradation of the top coat near the interface may also contribute to the observed behavior.
Trice, Grain-Boundary Grooving of Plasma-Sprayed Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings, J.
Additionally, a large number of vertical cracks were observed near the interface, indicating that the interface is a relatively weak region.
Conversely, in addition to the release of residual stresses at the interface, Fig. 6(b) shows a significant number of cracks at the interface, indicating that the degradation of the top coat near the interface may also contribute to the observed behavior.
Trice, Grain-Boundary Grooving of Plasma-Sprayed Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings, J.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Yu Feng Chen, Guang Hai Wang, Yue Zhang
Infrared transmittance spectra of three different quartz plates coated with silica coating which, respectively, does not contain any functional particles, contains hollow glass micro-beads, and contains hollow glass micro-beads/titania particles, in a wave number range of 2000-4000 cm-1.
Fig.4 shows transmittance spectra of three different quartz plates coated with sol-gel silica layer either containing no functional particles, or containing hollow glass micro-beads, or containing hollow glass micro-beads/titania particles, in a wave number range of 2000-4000 cm-1.
The average transmittances are low because there are a large number of small pores and grain boundaries in the silica coatings which badly scatter infrared radiation.
Fig.4 shows transmittance spectra of three different quartz plates coated with sol-gel silica layer either containing no functional particles, or containing hollow glass micro-beads, or containing hollow glass micro-beads/titania particles, in a wave number range of 2000-4000 cm-1.
The average transmittances are low because there are a large number of small pores and grain boundaries in the silica coatings which badly scatter infrared radiation.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Abdul Syukor Mohamad Jaya, Md Nizam Abd Rahman, Sazalinsyah Razali, Muhd Razali Muhamad, A. Samad Hasan Basari
A higher coating thickness can increase the grain size and the roughness of the coating [8].
Modeling is a sufficient method to address the magnetron sputtering process issuessuch as cost and customization.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the application of ANFIS model for predicting the thickness of TiN coatings by using limited number of experimental data.
Table 2: Selected ANFIS parameters Parameters Type/ Value · Optimization Method Hybrid of the least-squares and back propagation gradient descent · Output Membership Function Linear · Input Membership Function Bell Shape · Number of Input Membership Function 3 · Number of Epoch 500 Result and Discussion ThetrainedANFIS model was validated using three confirmatory test data andthe root mean square error, RMSE in Eq. (3), residual error, e in Eq. (5) and prediction accuracy,A in Eq. (6) were calculated.
Modeling is a sufficient method to address the magnetron sputtering process issuessuch as cost and customization.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the application of ANFIS model for predicting the thickness of TiN coatings by using limited number of experimental data.
Table 2: Selected ANFIS parameters Parameters Type/ Value · Optimization Method Hybrid of the least-squares and back propagation gradient descent · Output Membership Function Linear · Input Membership Function Bell Shape · Number of Input Membership Function 3 · Number of Epoch 500 Result and Discussion ThetrainedANFIS model was validated using three confirmatory test data andthe root mean square error, RMSE in Eq. (3), residual error, e in Eq. (5) and prediction accuracy,A in Eq. (6) were calculated.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Hong Bo Tan, Jun Xiao, Bao Guo Ma
This is because, in the early hydration reaction, retarder through the adsorption, complexation or form such as precipitation in cement particle surface covered, hinder C3S hydration reaction of cement especially, however, with slow hydration reaction of cement on, on the one
hand, covering the surface of the membrane of the particle gradually broken retarder, molecular hydration products gradually embedded, on the other hand can give hydration products with full time to carry on the lap and filling, and so more fully, cement hydration stone structure and more close-grained, beneficial to the growth of the post strength and other performance improvement.
1d 7d
AFt
CH
CH
0.2%
0.04%
control
5 20 17 19
2θ
Figure 5 XRD analysis of cement hydration with citric acid
2.4 XRD analysis
As shown in Figure 5, when the content of citric acid increased, AFt diffraction peak increases, which indicating that the initial citric acid accelerated the hydration of
Figure 6 (a) shows, when the content is 0.04%, CSH gel in larger quantities, CH crystals better, a clear parallel to the surface, through the CSH gel in cement paste structure is more dense; When the dosage of 0.20 percent, as shown in Figure 6 (b), the cement structure is loose, C-S-H gel and CH few in number, and CH crystal poor, layered with no fixed shape or deposited in the CSH gel.
When the dosage of 0.20%, the hydration of the cement structure when 7d loose, C-S-H gel and CH few in number and poorly crystalline CH, cement found in well-crystallized hexagonal lamellar hydrated calcium aluminate and petal-like AFm.
Project approval number: 51178363 References [1] N.
Figure 6 (a) shows, when the content is 0.04%, CSH gel in larger quantities, CH crystals better, a clear parallel to the surface, through the CSH gel in cement paste structure is more dense; When the dosage of 0.20 percent, as shown in Figure 6 (b), the cement structure is loose, C-S-H gel and CH few in number, and CH crystal poor, layered with no fixed shape or deposited in the CSH gel.
When the dosage of 0.20%, the hydration of the cement structure when 7d loose, C-S-H gel and CH few in number and poorly crystalline CH, cement found in well-crystallized hexagonal lamellar hydrated calcium aluminate and petal-like AFm.
Project approval number: 51178363 References [1] N.
Online since: February 2007
Authors: Katalin Papp, Péter M. Nagy, András Szalay, Erika Kálmán, László Ipacs, Gyula Kakuk, István E. Sajó, Ágnes Csanády
In this work it is shown how mechanical
milling has changed the crystallite structure:
- of the flake
- by mechanical alloying it with 4.5w% copper
- if the milled Al(flake)-4.5w% copper have been further milled with nanoceramic
particles (10w%Al2O3)
For practical purposes in the course of producing bulk materials, the nanostructure of the
metal matrix composites (grain size and dislocation structure of the matrix) has to be preserved as much as possible.
The figure numbers concerning the samples and their milling parameters Figure numbers Materials Material of grinding bowl and balls Ball/ powder weight ratio Milling time [h] Speed of main disk (SMD) [1/min] Relativ ratio (MD/PP) Power consumption of main disk (PCMD) [W] 1, 2, 3, 4 Al 99.7% flake WC 1 10:1 18 400 -4.0 370 5 Al2O3 99.88% Ajka (Hu) WC 10:1 6 400 -4.0 370 5, 6, Al2O3 *99.88% Ajka (Hu) WC 10:1 8 400 -4.0 370 6 Al-4.5 w%Cu WC 10:1 18 400 -4.0 370 7 Al-4.5 w%Cu + 10% Al2O3 WC 10:1 18 +2 400 200 -4.0 370 180 8, 9, (8,10:consolidated) Alpoco 99.5% <100µm + 15% Pb HCS 2 10:1 2 400 -4.11 380 1Wolframcarbide, 2Hardened chrome steel *The outgoing material in case of α-Al2O3 99.88% (ALO-EX35LS, MAL Ajka, Hu) had an average crystallite size of 3,5 µm and a SSA of 0,66 m 2 /g according to the producers.
A high number of indentation runs were carried out on the sample.
The figure numbers concerning the samples and their milling parameters Figure numbers Materials Material of grinding bowl and balls Ball/ powder weight ratio Milling time [h] Speed of main disk (SMD) [1/min] Relativ ratio (MD/PP) Power consumption of main disk (PCMD) [W] 1, 2, 3, 4 Al 99.7% flake WC 1 10:1 18 400 -4.0 370 5 Al2O3 99.88% Ajka (Hu) WC 10:1 6 400 -4.0 370 5, 6, Al2O3 *99.88% Ajka (Hu) WC 10:1 8 400 -4.0 370 6 Al-4.5 w%Cu WC 10:1 18 400 -4.0 370 7 Al-4.5 w%Cu + 10% Al2O3 WC 10:1 18 +2 400 200 -4.0 370 180 8, 9, (8,10:consolidated) Alpoco 99.5% <100µm + 15% Pb HCS 2 10:1 2 400 -4.11 380 1Wolframcarbide, 2Hardened chrome steel *The outgoing material in case of α-Al2O3 99.88% (ALO-EX35LS, MAL Ajka, Hu) had an average crystallite size of 3,5 µm and a SSA of 0,66 m 2 /g according to the producers.
A high number of indentation runs were carried out on the sample.