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Online since: September 2024
Authors: Sergiy Cheberiachko, Olena Sharovatova, Dmitro Radchuk, Oleg Deryugin
This alarming figure compels all health professionals dealing with occupational health issues to seek adequate ways to address this problem [16].
Bushtec, Identification of bottled natural waters by using direct conductometry.
Tishakova, Investigations of Mineralization of Water Bodies on the Example of River Waters of Ukraine.
Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. 14/4 (2017) 37–41 doi: 10.3233/AJW-170035 [13] S.
Russell, Coalescence efficiency of surface modified PBT meltblown nonwovens in the separation of water from diesel fuel containing surfactants.
Bushtec, Identification of bottled natural waters by using direct conductometry.
Tishakova, Investigations of Mineralization of Water Bodies on the Example of River Waters of Ukraine.
Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution. 14/4 (2017) 37–41 doi: 10.3233/AJW-170035 [13] S.
Russell, Coalescence efficiency of surface modified PBT meltblown nonwovens in the separation of water from diesel fuel containing surfactants.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Aboulfazl Safari, Fauziah Ahmad
Both disturbed and undisturbed samples obtained below the ground water level in the depth of 0.5 m to 1 m.
First, the increase in water adsorptive capacity induced by the organic matter and second, the aggregation of soil particles causes by OC.
Thus, removing OC leads to dispersion and increases total surface area which will cause more demand for water adsorption enhancing LL and PL.
According to the lower moisture content of soil in plastic status, the demand for water adsorption in this status will be more than the liquid status, which would cause enhancing PL faster than LL.
Robert W, Soil Testing Manual: Procedures, Classification Data, and Sampling Practices, Mc Graw-Hill Professional Publishing, California, 2000
First, the increase in water adsorptive capacity induced by the organic matter and second, the aggregation of soil particles causes by OC.
Thus, removing OC leads to dispersion and increases total surface area which will cause more demand for water adsorption enhancing LL and PL.
According to the lower moisture content of soil in plastic status, the demand for water adsorption in this status will be more than the liquid status, which would cause enhancing PL faster than LL.
Robert W, Soil Testing Manual: Procedures, Classification Data, and Sampling Practices, Mc Graw-Hill Professional Publishing, California, 2000
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Chen Bing Ouyang, Ying Chen
Figure 1 to Figure 5 respectively shows the material causes of crack, the construction causes of crack, the causes of shedding and hollowing, the causes of water leakage, the causes of frost and condensation.
Of course, by taking these critical construction techniques into account in advance, quality defects of crack, shedding and hollowing, water leakage, frost and condensation can be greatly avoided, benefiting the construction quality and energy saving of building.
Construction environment should meet order requirements, avoiding plastering mortar construction in the winter, raining season and lower than 5℃. 3.21 0.98 Detail treatment Detail treatment should pass professional joint sign.Thermal bridge defect-prone parts are to take a special process. 3.01 1.06 For doors, window openings around and the cross joints, pasting insulation board should be in strict accordance with the requirements of the construction.
If the flatness of the primary wall does not meet the requirements, it should be smoothed by 1:3 cement mortars. 3.07 0.58 To ensure the primary bond strength, wall excessive moisture must be fully dried(general conservation of drying time for the 7 -14d) and wall excessive dry must be watered to moist for one day before using the adhesive. 3.02 1.35 Insulation board installation Full bonding method had better be applied in pasting polystyrene board.
Strengthen management staff responsibility for production quantity control and supervisors check before acceptance, remembering having record. 3.25 0.45 Preventive measures of water leakage Construction Organizing Construction design program must be well prepared and implemented.
Of course, by taking these critical construction techniques into account in advance, quality defects of crack, shedding and hollowing, water leakage, frost and condensation can be greatly avoided, benefiting the construction quality and energy saving of building.
Construction environment should meet order requirements, avoiding plastering mortar construction in the winter, raining season and lower than 5℃. 3.21 0.98 Detail treatment Detail treatment should pass professional joint sign.Thermal bridge defect-prone parts are to take a special process. 3.01 1.06 For doors, window openings around and the cross joints, pasting insulation board should be in strict accordance with the requirements of the construction.
If the flatness of the primary wall does not meet the requirements, it should be smoothed by 1:3 cement mortars. 3.07 0.58 To ensure the primary bond strength, wall excessive moisture must be fully dried(general conservation of drying time for the 7 -14d) and wall excessive dry must be watered to moist for one day before using the adhesive. 3.02 1.35 Insulation board installation Full bonding method had better be applied in pasting polystyrene board.
Strengthen management staff responsibility for production quantity control and supervisors check before acceptance, remembering having record. 3.25 0.45 Preventive measures of water leakage Construction Organizing Construction design program must be well prepared and implemented.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Yan Su, Yue Ting Du, Jia Zhong Wu
(4)
Where, f(SS) stands for probability density function (PDF) of slippage factor,
In the earthquake cases, it is mainly related to soil characteristics (including unit weight γ, cohesion c, internal friction Angle φ), load, water level, seismic intensity, Pore water pressure.
According to the soil strength theory, parameters what affect the stability analysis of levee earthquake landslide are unit weight γ, cohesion, internal friction Angle φ, earthquake inertia force factor k and water level h.
China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press, Beijing, 2000, p. 302-343, in Chinese
[3] Chen Jiangping,Sun Xianren:The slope stability analysis based on Monte Carlo method, China Water Transport.
[4] Professional Standards Compilation Group of People's Republic of China: Highway engineering anti-earthquake design code(JTJ 004-89), People's Traffic Press, Beijing, 1989, in Chinese
According to the soil strength theory, parameters what affect the stability analysis of levee earthquake landslide are unit weight γ, cohesion, internal friction Angle φ, earthquake inertia force factor k and water level h.
China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Press, Beijing, 2000, p. 302-343, in Chinese
[3] Chen Jiangping,Sun Xianren:The slope stability analysis based on Monte Carlo method, China Water Transport.
[4] Professional Standards Compilation Group of People's Republic of China: Highway engineering anti-earthquake design code(JTJ 004-89), People's Traffic Press, Beijing, 1989, in Chinese
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Yu Fen Cao, Yun Yue Chen, Lin Qin, Wen Jun Ni
Study on the Method of Establishing Standardized Testing System in Marine Sounding Sonar
Yufen Cao 1, Wenjun Ni1, Yunyue Chen 1,a and Lin Qin 2
1 Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin 300456, China
2 Tian Jin Zhong Wei Aerospace Data System Technology Co.
Summarize verb of the testing system At present, the domestic has not set up the professional, jural bathymetric sonar instrument quality inspection agency, and a system of Marine sounding sonar testing system.
The absolute error has nothing to do with the depth of the water, such as the hull heave measurement error, tidal correction error, positioning error, the error due to hull pitch and roll, etc.
The relative error is closely related to the depth of the water, such as sound velocity error and the error due to beam Angle, etc.
Water Transport Engineering-Echo Sounder[S], JT/T 571-2004.
Summarize verb of the testing system At present, the domestic has not set up the professional, jural bathymetric sonar instrument quality inspection agency, and a system of Marine sounding sonar testing system.
The absolute error has nothing to do with the depth of the water, such as the hull heave measurement error, tidal correction error, positioning error, the error due to hull pitch and roll, etc.
The relative error is closely related to the depth of the water, such as sound velocity error and the error due to beam Angle, etc.
Water Transport Engineering-Echo Sounder[S], JT/T 571-2004.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Qing Hua Chen, Hao Fei Xie, Ping Wang
Introduction
At present, the hot water heat-supply systems [1] of some cities in cold areas are basically charged by users’ heating area, and are lack of heat-equipment and heat- measurement.
Design of the Master Station Monitoring System For one thing, heat meter is an emerging meter, which is different from existing water, electric, and air automatic reading system in data collecting and saving.
Device Information Field: 12 bytes in length, including meter ID (4 bytes), manufacture ID(2 bytes),version(1 byte), device type(1 byte), visit-number(1 byte), meter status(1 byte), and digital signature (2 bytes) Heat Data Field: 40 bytes in length, contains 7 segments, including the information of accumulated-heat (6 bytes), accumulated-flow (6 bytes), flow-water-temperature (5 bytes), return-water-temperature (5 bytes), instantaneous flow (6 bytes), power (6 bytes), and time-stamp (6 bytes).
HQ2010AA0401028003 and No. 2012ZX03005002 References [1] Bairakova O.J, Molodegnikova L.I, Rachmatulina L.I: Using of the Heat Pumps in Hot Water-Supply System, Modern Technique and Technologies 2002 [2] CJ 128-2007: People’s Republic of Urban Construction Industry Standards -Heat Meters, 2007.10.15 [3] Q.Hao: The status and development of the intelligent automatic meter reading system, China Science and Technology Information, no.19, pp: Oct 2005
[6]Dusan Petkovic,: Microsoft SQL Server 2005: A Beginner’s Guide, McGraw-Hill,2006 [7]Yujun Zheng, Jiaxing Du: SQL Server 2005+ Visual C# 2005 Professional Developers Refined Solution, Tsinghua University Press, June 2006
Design of the Master Station Monitoring System For one thing, heat meter is an emerging meter, which is different from existing water, electric, and air automatic reading system in data collecting and saving.
Device Information Field: 12 bytes in length, including meter ID (4 bytes), manufacture ID(2 bytes),version(1 byte), device type(1 byte), visit-number(1 byte), meter status(1 byte), and digital signature (2 bytes) Heat Data Field: 40 bytes in length, contains 7 segments, including the information of accumulated-heat (6 bytes), accumulated-flow (6 bytes), flow-water-temperature (5 bytes), return-water-temperature (5 bytes), instantaneous flow (6 bytes), power (6 bytes), and time-stamp (6 bytes).
HQ2010AA0401028003 and No. 2012ZX03005002 References [1] Bairakova O.J, Molodegnikova L.I, Rachmatulina L.I: Using of the Heat Pumps in Hot Water-Supply System, Modern Technique and Technologies 2002 [2] CJ 128-2007: People’s Republic of Urban Construction Industry Standards -Heat Meters, 2007.10.15 [3] Q.Hao: The status and development of the intelligent automatic meter reading system, China Science and Technology Information, no.19, pp: Oct 2005
[6]Dusan Petkovic,: Microsoft SQL Server 2005: A Beginner’s Guide, McGraw-Hill,2006 [7]Yujun Zheng, Jiaxing Du: SQL Server 2005+ Visual C# 2005 Professional Developers Refined Solution, Tsinghua University Press, June 2006
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Min Shang, Yong Huang Deng, Xin Xu
Introduction
Landslide is a kind of geological phenomena that the slope slide integrally under the effect of gravity, water pressure, seismic power and others.
In order to observe the stability of landslide, the landslide thrust monitoring method sets pressure sensors in different depth of landslide to monitor the cross thrust force of the landslide and its transformation.The method is qualified for various kinds of landslide monitoring and could afford thrust data for the prevention and treatment engineering designing. 3.2.3 Hydrographic Monitoring The main monitoring objects of hydrographic monitoring are underground water level,pore water pressure,spring discharge and river level.The common instruments includes water level gauge,osmometer,pore water pressure gauge and TDR soil moisture meter.The hydrographic monitoring applies to the landslide monitoring at different deformation stage.The achievement could be used as initial data. 3.2.4 Environmental Monitoring The trigger factors of landslide mainly include earthquake,rainfall,freeze-thaw and human activities.Thus,it is quite important to monitor the rainfall,ground temperature and earthquake.The
Conclusions In recent decade,China has made a large number of professional landslide monitoring with various monitoring method,achieving a lot of data and experiences.However some key technical problems of landslide monitoring still exist and should be solved urgently.Firstly,for ignoring the actual geomorphology, geological environment and geological conditions,the practical work is always lack of combination of quantitative with qualitative,manual monitoring with automatic monitoring,.Secondly,lacking of geological analysis,the chosen of the monitoring point is made only by experience rather than the analysis of landform,geologic structure and genetic mechanism.Thirdly,because of ignoring the actual demand in the different stages of landslide monitoring,the blind pursuit of variety and high-grade leads to the waste of money.Fourthly,the present study of geological disaster warning methods, models, and criterion is lack of depth.The forecast theory and method,which has been proved by
In order to observe the stability of landslide, the landslide thrust monitoring method sets pressure sensors in different depth of landslide to monitor the cross thrust force of the landslide and its transformation.The method is qualified for various kinds of landslide monitoring and could afford thrust data for the prevention and treatment engineering designing. 3.2.3 Hydrographic Monitoring The main monitoring objects of hydrographic monitoring are underground water level,pore water pressure,spring discharge and river level.The common instruments includes water level gauge,osmometer,pore water pressure gauge and TDR soil moisture meter.The hydrographic monitoring applies to the landslide monitoring at different deformation stage.The achievement could be used as initial data. 3.2.4 Environmental Monitoring The trigger factors of landslide mainly include earthquake,rainfall,freeze-thaw and human activities.Thus,it is quite important to monitor the rainfall,ground temperature and earthquake.The
Conclusions In recent decade,China has made a large number of professional landslide monitoring with various monitoring method,achieving a lot of data and experiences.However some key technical problems of landslide monitoring still exist and should be solved urgently.Firstly,for ignoring the actual geomorphology, geological environment and geological conditions,the practical work is always lack of combination of quantitative with qualitative,manual monitoring with automatic monitoring,.Secondly,lacking of geological analysis,the chosen of the monitoring point is made only by experience rather than the analysis of landform,geologic structure and genetic mechanism.Thirdly,because of ignoring the actual demand in the different stages of landslide monitoring,the blind pursuit of variety and high-grade leads to the waste of money.Fourthly,the present study of geological disaster warning methods, models, and criterion is lack of depth.The forecast theory and method,which has been proved by
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ji Hong Wang, Yang Wang, Mei Lan Li, Zhi Dan Zhang, Lian Sheng Du
Introduction
Sediment habitat for many aquatic organisms, is mainly composed of minerals and organic matter debris, which is the main storage of the biogeochemical cycles of nutrients and release sites, and the main destination of water nutrients [1,2].
The research can enrich and develop the organic-mineral complex studies and can provide a theoretical basis for controlling the water pollution.
The first group (G0) is Water dispersion complex; the second group (G2) is Sodium dispersion complex; the third group (G2) is Sodium grinding complex.
Conclusion and Discussion Divided the organic- mineral complexes into three groups: the first group(G0) is Water dispersion complex, the second group (G2) is Sodium dispersion complex ,a kind of Calcium-combined organic-inorganic complex, the complex in this group has an very important effect on the formation of Structure body, the third group(G2) is Sodium grinding complex, is an iron and aluminum oxides sturdy combined organic-inorganic complex.
Beijing:Agriculture Press,1988:40-41(In Chinese) [6] Professional Committee of Chinese Soil Science Society of Agricultural Chemistry.
The research can enrich and develop the organic-mineral complex studies and can provide a theoretical basis for controlling the water pollution.
The first group (G0) is Water dispersion complex; the second group (G2) is Sodium dispersion complex; the third group (G2) is Sodium grinding complex.
Conclusion and Discussion Divided the organic- mineral complexes into three groups: the first group(G0) is Water dispersion complex, the second group (G2) is Sodium dispersion complex ,a kind of Calcium-combined organic-inorganic complex, the complex in this group has an very important effect on the formation of Structure body, the third group(G2) is Sodium grinding complex, is an iron and aluminum oxides sturdy combined organic-inorganic complex.
Beijing:Agriculture Press,1988:40-41(In Chinese) [6] Professional Committee of Chinese Soil Science Society of Agricultural Chemistry.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Yan Peng Zhu, Yong Zhong Ren, Yong Zhou
(3)
(4) when the bottom of unclosed curtain for cutting off drains located gravelly soil aquifer, sand aquifer, silt aquifer, for homogeneous aquifer, underground water seepage meet Eq.(4) soil flow stability requirement
The north of site is T605 road, the east of site is T606 road, the south of site is T604 road, the weast of site is Yantan community, the total construction area is 135 112m2, because of the difference of the number of basement floor, the excavation depth is not equal, the length of excavation is 201.8m, the width is 67.73m, according to geotechnical investigation report,the stratum are miscellaneous fill, fine sand, grait, sandstone, respectively, ground water level located -2.8m.
The software is used Lizheng deep excavation structure desgin software V7.0.Considerring stratum condition of Lanzhou, because coefficient of permeability of miscellaneous fill and sandstone are small, water permeability is small, so the analysis method is total stress method, the water permeability of grait is large, so the analysis method is water and earth pressure separately.
[6] The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China.
The north of site is T605 road, the east of site is T606 road, the south of site is T604 road, the weast of site is Yantan community, the total construction area is 135 112m2, because of the difference of the number of basement floor, the excavation depth is not equal, the length of excavation is 201.8m, the width is 67.73m, according to geotechnical investigation report,the stratum are miscellaneous fill, fine sand, grait, sandstone, respectively, ground water level located -2.8m.
The software is used Lizheng deep excavation structure desgin software V7.0.Considerring stratum condition of Lanzhou, because coefficient of permeability of miscellaneous fill and sandstone are small, water permeability is small, so the analysis method is total stress method, the water permeability of grait is large, so the analysis method is water and earth pressure separately.
[6] The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China.
Online since: September 2019
Authors: Severino Rodrigues de Farias Neto, A.G. Barbosa de Lima, W.R. Gomes dos Santos, H. Luma Fernandes Magalhães, J.L. de Oliveira, R. Pereira Ramos
Two-Phase Flow (Oil and Water) in Ducts with the Elliptical Cross-Section: Modeling and Simulation
J.L. de Oliveira1,a, A.G.
The geometry used consists of a horizontal pipe with an elliptical cross-section of 10 m long, as illustrated in Figure 1.The geometry was developed in Autodesk Inventor Professional 2015 and, after that, exported to ICEM CFD 15.0.
Case Volumetric fraction Velocity (m/s) Effect of gravity (m/s2) (kPa) oil water oil water 1 0.99 0.01 3.0 3.0 - 72.921 2 0.95 0.05 3.0 3.0 - 70.311 3 0.95 0.05 3.0 3.0 9.8 70.313 4 0.95 0.05 0.5 3.0 9.8 10.514 5 0.95 0.05 5.0 3.0 9.8 124.201 Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the behavior of the volumetric fraction of the oil and water, respectively, at z=5.92 m (Case 3).
From the analysis of these figures, it can be seen that the water is completely dispersed in the continuous phase (oil), forming the flow pattern called water-in-oil dispersion.
Pereira, Experimental study and modeling of the corrugated oil-water layer.
The geometry used consists of a horizontal pipe with an elliptical cross-section of 10 m long, as illustrated in Figure 1.The geometry was developed in Autodesk Inventor Professional 2015 and, after that, exported to ICEM CFD 15.0.
Case Volumetric fraction Velocity (m/s) Effect of gravity (m/s2) (kPa) oil water oil water 1 0.99 0.01 3.0 3.0 - 72.921 2 0.95 0.05 3.0 3.0 - 70.311 3 0.95 0.05 3.0 3.0 9.8 70.313 4 0.95 0.05 0.5 3.0 9.8 10.514 5 0.95 0.05 5.0 3.0 9.8 124.201 Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the behavior of the volumetric fraction of the oil and water, respectively, at z=5.92 m (Case 3).
From the analysis of these figures, it can be seen that the water is completely dispersed in the continuous phase (oil), forming the flow pattern called water-in-oil dispersion.
Pereira, Experimental study and modeling of the corrugated oil-water layer.